41 research outputs found

    Current trends in vasopressor use to the operating room : a pharmacoepidemiologic study in French teaching and military hospitals

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    Objectives: Phenylephrine, ephedrine and norepinephrine are the vasopressors most commonly used in the operating room to treat anaesthesia-induced hypotension. Two new diluted forms of phenylephrine were released in 2011 (500 μg/10 mL and 500 μg/5 mL). We initiated a study to evaluate trends in the use of vasopressors in the operating room in French hospitals over the period 2011–2014. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal, retrospective, observational study between 2011 and 2014 in French teaching and military hospitals. A questionnaire was sent in February 2015 to hospital pharmacists of each centre to retrospectively collect the consumption of each type of vasopressor. Yearly numbers of vasopressor ampoules were divided by the yearly numbers of anaesthetics recorded. For each vasopressor, we calculated the number of ampoules per 100 anaesthetics recorded (/100A). Results: Thirty-two hospitals (82%) completed the questionnaire. One hundred per cent of hospitals had registered the diluted form of phenylephrine (61% had chosen the dilution 500 μg/10 mL), whereas concentrated ampoules were available in 68% of hospitals. Over the period, an exponential increase in the use of diluted phenylephrine was observed (from 1.0 ampoule/100A in 2012 to 31.7 in 2014), the use of ephedrine remained stable (26 ampoules and 17 prefilled syringe/100A), and use of norepinephrine trended upwards (from 6.7 to 8.2 ampoules/100A). Conclusions: The use of diluted phenylephrine has exponentially increased without reducing consumption of other vasopressors. This trend might be secondary to practice changes in hypotension treatment following the release of French guidelines in 2013 related to fluid management, the restriction of indications of hydroxylethyl-starch solutions in 2013, and a better knowledge of the benefit of blood pressure optimisation to reduce postoperative morbidity

    Clavier DUCK : Utilisation d'un système de déduction de mots pour faciliter la saisie de texte sur écran tactile pour les non-voyants

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    International audienceTouch screens rapidly and significantly replace physical keyboards on mobile devices. Hence, text entry is now dependent on software (or virtual) keyboards that are widely used by sighted people, but raise accessibility issues for visually impaired users. These users rely on tactile exploration with vocal feedback of the whole screen for entering text, which is time consuming. We designed a software keyboard that aims reducing tactile exploration and speeding up text entry for VI users. It relies on the selection of the first letter of a word and rapid and inaccurate typing of the remaining letters. It then proposes a list of words having the same first letter and a similar total distance between letters. The evaluation with twelve VI users showed that this keyboard is very efficient for words larger than five characters. It also helps preventing certain typing errors.L'utilisation des écrans tactiles et en particulier les claviers logiciels est extrêmement compliquée pour les non-voyants qui manquent de repères physiques sur ce type d'appareil. Nous proposons dans cet article une solution clavier logicielle qui propose une liste de mots pouvant correspondre au mot recherché à partir de frappes approximatives des utilisateurs non-voyants. Cette technique évite ainsi à l'utilisateur d'explorer le clavier en permanence pour trouver précisément les caractères à saisir. Une première évaluation nous permet de montrer que notre système est efficace pour les mots de plus de quatre caractères. Il permet aussi d'éviter certains types d'erreur de frappe. Mots Clés Saisie de texte ; déficience visuelle ; écran tactile ; dispositifs mobiles ; clavier logiciel ; système déductif

    Pharmacie clinique et dispositifs médicaux

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    Pharmacie clinique dans le domaine des dispositifs médicaux : définition et enjeux.

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    Impact économique des seringues d’éphédrine préremplies en anesthésiologie

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    Nous avons lu avec beaucoup d’intérêt le travail publié par l’équipe du CHU de Dijon [1] à propos de l’évaluation médico-économique du recours à l’éphédrine en seringues préremplies. En effet, cette présentation, qui n’est pas disponible à ce jour dans le livret thérapeutique des hospices civils de Lyon (HCL), a fait l’objet de discussions récurrentes au niveau de la commission du médicament (COMEDIMS) de notre établissement depuis son lancement commercial en 2004
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