Four decades of military posttraumatic stress:Protocol for a meta-analysis and systematic review of treatment approaches and efficacy

Background: Over 85% of active members of the Canadian Armed Forces have been exposed to potentially traumatic events linked to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). At the time of transition to civilian life, as high as 1 in 8 veterans may be diagnosed with PTSD. Given the high prevalence of PTSD in military and veteran populations, the provision of effective treatment considering their unique challenges and experiences is critical for mental health support and the well-being of these populations. Objective: This paper presents the protocol for a meta-analysis and systematic review that will examine the effectiveness of treatment approaches for military-related PTSD. Methods: This PROSPERO-preregistered meta-analysis is being conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and Cochrane guidelines. A comprehensive search of the literature wasconducted using the databases PsycInfo, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and ProQuest Dissertation &amp; Theses. Effect sizes will be computed based on changes in PTSD symptom scores over time across studies using validated PTSD scales. A multilevel meta-analysis will examine the overall effects, between-study effects, and within-study effects of available evidence for PTSD treatments in military populations. Effect sizes will be compared between pharmacotherapeutic, psychotherapeutic, and alternative/emerging treatment interventions. Finally, meta-regression and subgroup analyses will explore the moderating roles of clinical characteristics (eg, PTSD symptom clusters), treatment approaches (eg, therapeutic orientations in psychotherapy and alternative therapies and classifications of drugs in pharmacotherapy), as well as treatment characteristics (eg, length of intervention) on treatment outcomes. Results: The literature search was completed on April 14, 2021. After the removal of duplicates, a total of 12, 002 studies were screened for inclusion. As of July 2021, title and abstract screening has been completed, with 1469 out of 12, 002 (12.23%) studies included for full-text review. Full review is expected to be completed in the summer of 2021, with initial results expected for publication by early winter of 2021. Conclusions: This meta-analysis will provide information on the current state of evidence on the efficacy and effectiveness of various treatment approaches for military-related PTSD and identify factors that may influence treatment outcomes. The results will inform clinical decision-making for service providers and service users. Finally, the findings will provide insights into future treatment development and practice recommendations to better support the well-being of military and veteran populations.</p

Four decades of military posttraumatic stress:Protocol for a meta-analysis and systematic review of treatment approaches and efficacy

Background: Over 85% of active members of the Canadian Armed Forces have been exposed to potentially traumatic events linked to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). At the time of transition to civilian life, as high as 1 in 8 veterans may be diagnosed with PTSD. Given the high prevalence of PTSD in military and veteran populations, the provision of effective treatment considering their unique challenges and experiences is critical for mental health support and the well-being of these populations. Objective: This paper presents the protocol for a meta-analysis and systematic review that will examine the effectiveness of treatment approaches for military-related PTSD. Methods: This PROSPERO-preregistered meta-analysis is being conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and Cochrane guidelines. A comprehensive search of the literature wasconducted using the databases PsycInfo, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and ProQuest Dissertation &amp; Theses. Effect sizes will be computed based on changes in PTSD symptom scores over time across studies using validated PTSD scales. A multilevel meta-analysis will examine the overall effects, between-study effects, and within-study effects of available evidence for PTSD treatments in military populations. Effect sizes will be compared between pharmacotherapeutic, psychotherapeutic, and alternative/emerging treatment interventions. Finally, meta-regression and subgroup analyses will explore the moderating roles of clinical characteristics (eg, PTSD symptom clusters), treatment approaches (eg, therapeutic orientations in psychotherapy and alternative therapies and classifications of drugs in pharmacotherapy), as well as treatment characteristics (eg, length of intervention) on treatment outcomes. Results: The literature search was completed on April 14, 2021. After the removal of duplicates, a total of 12, 002 studies were screened for inclusion. As of July 2021, title and abstract screening has been completed, with 1469 out of 12, 002 (12.23%) studies included for full-text review. Full review is expected to be completed in the summer of 2021, with initial results expected for publication by early winter of 2021. Conclusions: This meta-analysis will provide information on the current state of evidence on the efficacy and effectiveness of various treatment approaches for military-related PTSD and identify factors that may influence treatment outcomes. The results will inform clinical decision-making for service providers and service users. Finally, the findings will provide insights into future treatment development and practice recommendations to better support the well-being of military and veteran populations.</p

La fonction pulmonaire et l'environnement dans un chantier naval au Québec

RÉSUMÉ /SUMMARYLa fonction pulmonaire et l'environnement dans un chantier naval au QuébecL'article étudie la fonction pulmonaire d'une population de travailleurs québécois. Tous les groupes d'âge de cette population ont une fonction ventilatoire inférieure aux normes anglo-saxonnes. L'âge et la morphologie corporelle sont liés à la variation de la fonction ventilatoire. Les habitudes de vie, le vieillissement physiologique différentiel, l'environnement matériel ou physique au travail sont également en jeu dans la variation de la fonction pulmonaire alors que le facteur psychologique au travail ne joue que dans la fonction ventilatoire.Respiratory Functions and Work Environment in A Québec ShipyardRespiratory function values were established for a population of Québec industrial workers. For all age groups, general lung health is below Anglo-Saxons norms. Aging and body morphology are linked with the functioning of the lungs. Life style, differing physiological aging and physical surroundings on the job all affect actual lung health among workers, while psychological factors at the workplace determine the functioning of their lungs

First discovery of Tetranychus truncatus in Africa and new records of spider mites (Prostigmata, Tetranychidae) in Burkina Faso

International audienceWe report the first occurrence in Africa, in Burkina Faso, of an exotic spider mite, Tetranychus truncatus, including new host records. Due to morphological variation in the specimens we observed, we used molecular and morphological approaches to obtain a reliable identification of this alien species. Sampling events also disclosed two new spider mite records for Burkina Faso, Eutetranychus orientalis and Tetranychus urticae and several new host plant records

Study on uranium peroxide precipitation in a continuous fluidized-bed reactor with mechanical stirring

International audienceThis study provides the results obtained from the experiments carried out in a specially adapted continuous fluidized-bed reactor equipped with a multi-impeller stirring device. The influence of operating parameters on yellow cake precipitation as uranium peroxide was studied. The effects of stirring speed and feed flow rate were investigated. An increased stirring speed decreased the agglomerate mean size, mainly due to the strong negative influence of the shear rate on the agglomeration kinetics. In addition, the nominal capacity of the fluidized-bed reactor was doubled, while the uranium concentration level was strictly respected at the outlet. The experimental results obtained in this study will be used for process modeling in a further study

Expansion of Pine Processionary Moth and Parasitoid responses

La partie est intégrée dans le Chapitre 7: Ecological Responses of Parasitoids, Predators and Associated Insect Communities to the Climate-Driven Expansion of the Pine Processionary MothInternational audienc

Ecological responses of parasitoids, predators and associated insect communities to the climate-driven expansion of the pine processionary moth

The expansion of the pine processionary moth with climate warming is likely to modify the interactions with its associated arthropod and vertebrate communities of parasitoids, predators and competitors. A first section details the response of some egg parasitoids to moth expansion. Then, we investigate how insectivorous vertebrates (specialist birds, generalist birds and generalist bats) may or not be efficient predators of T. pityocampa on the range expansion gradients. Finally, we discuss whether the expansion of the moth in inner Alpine valleys may become a serious threat to the endangered Spanish moon moth by competing for the same pine needle resource