93 research outputs found
Pictures and Politics: Using Co-Creative Portraits to explore the social dynamics of the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo
Co-creative portraits open space to explore the interaction of photographic subjects and photographers as they collaborate to create intentional images. This still photographic method explores how the space of photographic creation and the resulting photographs not only respond to, but also engage and reflect the immediate inter-subjective, and broader, regional politics. Particularly, I examine this method, and the photographs it produces, in the context of the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo  - one of the densest spaces of humanitarian aid in the world. In North Kivu province, photography is produced daily for the purposes of fundraising, advocacy, and accountability. Aid agencies rely on the notion of photographs and their ability to âwitnessâ through portrayals of âdocumentary realityâ. However, the visual imagescape of the eastern DRC is not bound by humanitarian imagery alone. In fact it is home to a thriving local photographic enterprise. Through co-creative portraits I examine the overlapping fields of âdaily vernacularâ and âhumanitarian photography,â focusing on how individuals tack back and forth across these types of representation in front of the camera, particularly in response to dialectic social factors including space, time, and in their anticipations of their photographer. Therein, this article makes a two-pronged argument: 1) I argue that co-creative portraits contribute to the production of experiential, anthropological knowledge through photography. 2) With attention to the explanations, movements, and negotiations that produce the photographs, I argue that this method shows the constructed, subjective nature of photography, even in spaces of humanitarian aid.
Development, characteristics, and effects of the new Chatham Harbor inlet
A new tidal inlet into Chatham Harbor, Massachusetts, has developed from a breach in the
barrier beach, Nauset Beach, that forms the outer shoreline of southeastern Cape Cod. Increased
tidal range and wave energy resulting from the new inlet produced acute coastal erosion and
channel shoaling within Chatham Harbor, with significant impacts on the fishing and boating
industries, and on private and public propeny and interests. Study results are consistent with the
hypothesis that the Nauset-Monomoy barrier beach system undergoes a long-term cycle of
geomorphological change, and that a new cycle was initiated with the formation of this new inlet.
Based on this new understanding, future changes in the system can be foreseen and provided to
coastal resource managers.Funding was provided by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Department of Environmental
Management, Division of Waterways; the Town of Chatham; Woods Hole Sea Grant Program;
Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(New England Division and Coastal Engineering Research Center);
Town of Orleans; and Friends of Pleasant Bay
Hydrodynamical Modeling of a MultipleâInlet Estuary/Barrier System: Insight Into Tidal Inlet Formation and Stability
Two specific questions are addressed concerning the role of tidal hydrodynamics in determining the longâterm morphologic evolution of the Nauset BeachâMonomoy Island barrier system and the Chatham HarborâPleasant Bay tidal estuary, Massachusetts: (1) why do the barrier and estuary exhibit a longâterm (âŒ150 yr) cycle of new inlet formation, and (2) once a new inlet forms, why is the resulting multiple inlet system unstable? To address these questions, a branched 1âd numerical model is used to recreate the basic flow patterns in the tidal estuary at tenâyear intervals during the last half century and also to recreate flow conditions shortly before and shortly after the formation of the new inlet. Results suggest that an inlet will form through Nauset Beach once southerly elongation of the barrier has led to a critical head across the barrier at high tide. If this critical head (enhanced by storm surge and wave setâup) exists at high tide during consecutive tidal cycles, flood currents can deepen the overwash channel sufficiently to enable the stronger ebb currents to complete the formation process. Once a new inlet has formed, the surface gradient and tidal discharge are drastically reduced along the preâexisting channel to the south of the inlet. This reduction eliminates the tidal scouring action needed to keep the channel open. Rapid shoaling within the channel to the south of the new inlet completes the hydrodynamic decoupling of the northern and southern sections of the estuary.https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsbooks/1037/thumbnail.jp
Polymorphims in the Interferon-y/Interleukin 26 Gene Region Contribute to Sex Bias in Susceptibility to Rheumatoid Arthritis
Hurricane impacts on the Caribbean coastal/marine environment : using scientific assessment to plan for the future
The passage of Hurricane Hugo through the eastern Caribbean provided a unique opportunity for multidisciplinary study of (1) the effects of severe storms on tropical coastal and marine ecosystems, and (2) the physical and biological responses of those
ecosystems to intense storm-induced changes. In addition to its direct value as basic science, this study can be used to facilitate
development of improved coastal and marine resource management capabilities.Funding was provided by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation to the Coastal Research Center of
the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) and the NOAA National Sea Grant College
Program Offce, Department of Commerce, under Grant No. NA86-AA-D-90
CO\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e Recycling Using Microalgae for the Production of Fuels
CO2 capture and recycle using microalgae was demonstrated at a coal-fired power plant (Duke Energyâs East Bend Station, Kentucky). Using an in-house designed closed loop, vertical tube photobioreactor, Scenedesmus acutus was cultured using flue gas as the CO2 source. Algae productivity of 39 g/(m2 day) in JuneâJuly was achieved at significant scale (18,000 L), while average daily productivity slightly in excess of 10 g/(m2 day) was demonstrated in the month of December. A protocol for low-cost algae harvesting and dewatering was developed, and the conversion of algal lipidsâextracted from the harvested biomassâto diesel-range hydrocarbons via catalytic deoxygenation was demonstrated. Assuming an amortization period of 10 years, calculations suggest that the current cost of capturing and recycling CO2 using this approach will fall close to 225/ton, corresponding to a production cost of ~$400/ton biomass. Hence, the value of the algal biomass produced will be critical in determining the overall economics of CO2 capture and recycle
CO\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e Recycling Using Microalgae for the Production of Fuels
CO2 capture and recycle using microalgae was demonstrated at a coal-fired power plant (Duke Energyâs East Bend Station, Kentucky). Using an in-house designed closed loop, vertical tube photobioreactor, Scenedesmus acutus was cultured using flue gas as the CO2 source. Algae productivity of 39 g/(m2 day) in JuneâJuly was achieved at significant scale (18,000 L), while average daily productivity slightly in excess of 10 g/(m2 day) was demonstrated in the month of December. A protocol for low-cost algae harvesting and dewatering was developed, and the conversion of algal lipidsâextracted from the harvested biomassâto diesel-range hydrocarbons via catalytic deoxygenation was demonstrated. Assuming an amortization period of 10 years, calculations suggest that the current cost of capturing and recycling CO2 using this approach will fall close to 225/ton, corresponding to a production cost of ~$400/ton biomass. Hence, the value of the algal biomass produced will be critical in determining the overall economics of CO2 capture and recycle
Genetically inferred birthweight, height, and puberty timing and risk of osteosarcoma
INTRODUCTION: Several studies have linked increased risk of osteosarcoma with tall stature, high birthweight, and early puberty, although evidence is inconsistent. We used genetic risk scores (GRS) based on established genetic loci for these traits and evaluated associations between genetically inferred birthweight, height, and puberty timing with osteosarcoma. METHODS: Using genotype data from two genome-wide association studies, totaling 1039 cases and 2923 controls of European ancestry, association analyses were conducted using logistic regression for each study and meta-analyzed to estimate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were conducted by case diagnosis age, metastasis status, tumor location, tumor histology, and presence of a known pathogenic variant in a cancer susceptibility gene. RESULTS: Genetically inferred higher birthweight was associated with an increased risk of osteosarcoma (OR =1.59, 95% CI 1.07-2.38, PÂ =Â 0.02). This association was strongest in cases without metastatic disease (OR =2.46, 95% CI 1.44-4.19, PÂ =Â 9.5Â Ă10-04). Although there was no overall association between osteosarcoma and genetically inferred taller stature (OR=1.06, 95% CI 0.96-1.17, PÂ =Â 0.28), the GRS for taller stature was associated with an increased risk of osteosarcoma in 154 cases with a known pathogenic cancer susceptibility gene variant (OR=1.29, 95% CI 1.03-1.63, PÂ =Â 0.03). There were no significant associations between the GRS for puberty timing and osteosarcoma. CONCLUSION: A genetic propensity to higher birthweight was associated with increased osteosarcoma risk, suggesting that shared genetic factors or biological pathways that affect birthweight may contribute to osteosarcoma pathogenesis
Developing clinical decision tools to implement chronic disease prevention and screening in primary care: the BETTER 2 program (building on existing tools to improve chronic disease prevention and screening in primary care)
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