Applicazioni della matematica fuzzy per la selezione dei progetti conservativi nei siti archeologici

The Authors deal with the problem of a standardised but clear and easily understood framework for the strategic decisions involved in the selection among the diverse projects for the conservation and cultural and economic enhancement of archaeological sites. The aim of the paper is to explore the possibility of the use of fuzzy logic to create a hierarchy among the different projects. We propose the use of fuzzy numbers mathematics for the joint treatment of technical, landscape impact, economic and humanistic aspects in selecting the best conservation projects. The basic elements for the definition and the arithmetic of fuzzy numbers are given and a procedure based on the ordering is implemented. Finally, an application relating to an archaeological site on the Mediterranean Sea (Nora, Sardinia) is presented

The Resilience of Traditional Trade Union Practices in the Revitalisation of the Argentine Labour Movement

Market reforms have posed similar challenges to trade unions worldwide. In this regard, the current situation in Argentina does not differ from the global trend. De-industrialisation, de-centralisation of collective bargaining, reduction of the formal sector, flexibility in the labour market and the use of labour power have all affected trade unions’ capacity to mobilise workers and play a major progressive role in society. In addition, particularly over the last decade, the effects of thirty years of economic liberalisation combined with an explosion in the rate of unemployment has led to mass poverty and enormous class divisions, changing the landscape of social mobilisation in Argentina. On the one hand, mass unemployment disciplined wage-labourers; on the other, new territorial organisations, mainly of those workers now unemployed – the so-called piqueteros (for picket) – have proliferated and sustained the virulent social protests for employment and social programmes which characterised the country at the turn of the century. In this context, scholars have tended to assume the definitive demise of trade unions and their methods of struggle, turning their attention to the new social movements.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

The Resilience of Traditional Trade Union Practices in the Revitalisation of the Argentine Labour Movement

Market reforms have posed similar challenges to trade unions worldwide. In this regard, the current situation in Argentina does not differ from the global trend. De-industrialisation, de-centralisation of collective bargaining, reduction of the formal sector, flexibility in the labour market and the use of labour power have all affected trade unions’ capacity to mobilise workers and play a major progressive role in society. In addition, particularly over the last decade, the effects of thirty years of economic liberalisation combined with an explosion in the rate of unemployment has led to mass poverty and enormous class divisions, changing the landscape of social mobilisation in Argentina. On the one hand, mass unemployment disciplined wage-labourers; on the other, new territorial organisations, mainly of those workers now unemployed – the so-called piqueteros (for picket) – have proliferated and sustained the virulent social protests for employment and social programmes which characterised the country at the turn of the century. In this context, scholars have tended to assume the definitive demise of trade unions and their methods of struggle, turning their attention to the new social movements.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

The Resilience of Traditional Trade Union Practices in the Revitalisation of the Argentine Labour Movement

Market reforms have posed similar challenges to trade unions worldwide. In this regard, the current situation in Argentina does not differ from the global trend. De-industrialisation, de-centralisation of collective bargaining, reduction of the formal sector, flexibility in the labour market and the use of labour power have all affected trade unions’ capacity to mobilise workers and play a major progressive role in society. In addition, particularly over the last decade, the effects of thirty years of economic liberalisation combined with an explosion in the rate of unemployment has led to mass poverty and enormous class divisions, changing the landscape of social mobilisation in Argentina. On the one hand, mass unemployment disciplined wage-labourers; on the other, new territorial organisations, mainly of those workers now unemployed – the so-called piqueteros (for picket) – have proliferated and sustained the virulent social protests for employment and social programmes which characterised the country at the turn of the century. In this context, scholars have tended to assume the definitive demise of trade unions and their methods of struggle, turning their attention to the new social movements.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Pragmatism, ideology or politics? : Trade unions and workers' responses to the imposition of neo-liberalism in Argentina (1976-2010)

Since 1976, responding to macroeconomic international variables, local political struggles and social conflicts, different phases of neo-liberal inspired market reforms have been implemented in Argentina. Four main phases can be identified, each corresponding to a specific economic–political context. The imposed consensus of the military dictatorship of the period 1976-1983, the structural and fiscal adjustments of the return to democracy in 1983-1989, the massive neoliberal program of privatizations, reform of the public sector, labour flexibility and attack on workers’ rights implemented during the 1990s but opened by the economic terror of the hyperinflation of 1989-1990, the neo-developmental and agricultural commodities export oriented model of the post 2001 crisis.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Labour movement in Argentina since 1945 : The limits of trade union reformism

Events at the end of World War II were pivotal for the future of the Argentine labour movement. The military government that took power in 1943, headed by Colonel Juan Domingo Perón, was intent on renewing the process of industrialisation initiated in the 1930s and at the same time halting the spread of communism among the working class. Perón was able to build upon his friendly relations with trade union leaders, creating a durable alliance that would shape the contours of the labour movement and labour relations for decades. Industrialisation in the 1930s had greatly expanded the working class and the trade unions. The 1930s had also created widespread working-class discontent, and with the end of the war approaching, Perón and the military foresaw the coming of a dangerous period of revolutionary turmoil. Through his office of the Secretaría de Trabajo y Previsión, Perón shaped policies to stymie communism through both repression and concessions to appease workers’ political and economic concerns. This ambiguous and reformist set of policies gradually became a grand political project, in which trade unions were to play an integral, two-faceted role as partners in industrial expansion and the backbone of an emergent national political movement.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Pragmatism, ideology or politics? : Trade unions and workers' responses to the imposition of neo-liberalism in Argentina (1976-2010)

Since 1976, responding to macroeconomic international variables, local political struggles and social conflicts, different phases of neo-liberal inspired market reforms have been implemented in Argentina. Four main phases can be identified, each corresponding to a specific economic–political context. The imposed consensus of the military dictatorship of the period 1976-1983, the structural and fiscal adjustments of the return to democracy in 1983-1989, the massive neoliberal program of privatizations, reform of the public sector, labour flexibility and attack on workers’ rights implemented during the 1990s but opened by the economic terror of the hyperinflation of 1989-1990, the neo-developmental and agricultural commodities export oriented model of the post 2001 crisis.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Labour movement in Argentina since 1945 : The limits of trade union reformism

Events at the end of World War II were pivotal for the future of the Argentine labour movement. The military government that took power in 1943, headed by Colonel Juan Domingo Perón, was intent on renewing the process of industrialisation initiated in the 1930s and at the same time halting the spread of communism among the working class. Perón was able to build upon his friendly relations with trade union leaders, creating a durable alliance that would shape the contours of the labour movement and labour relations for decades. Industrialisation in the 1930s had greatly expanded the working class and the trade unions. The 1930s had also created widespread working-class discontent, and with the end of the war approaching, Perón and the military foresaw the coming of a dangerous period of revolutionary turmoil. Through his office of the Secretaría de Trabajo y Previsión, Perón shaped policies to stymie communism through both repression and concessions to appease workers’ political and economic concerns. This ambiguous and reformist set of policies gradually became a grand political project, in which trade unions were to play an integral, two-faceted role as partners in industrial expansion and the backbone of an emergent national political movement.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Early warning monitoring of natural and engineered slopes with Ground-Based Synthetic Aperture Radar

The first application of ground-based interferometric synthetic-aperture radar (GBInSAR) for slope monitoring dates back 13 years. Today, GBInSAR is used internationally as a leading-edge tool for near-real-time monitoring of surface slope movements in landslides and open pit mines. The success of the technology relies mainly on its ability to measure slope movements rapidly with sub- millimetric accuracy over wide areas and in almost any weather conditions. In recent years, GBInSAR has experienced significant improvements, due to the development of more advanced radar techniques in terms of both data processing and sensor performance. These improvements have led to widespread diffusion of the technology for early warning monitoring of slopes in both civil and mining applications. The main technical features of modern SAR technology for slope monitoring are discussed in this paper. A comparative analysis with other monitoring technologies is also presented along with some recent examples of successful slope monitorin