Halophytes as Forages

It is the chemical composition of the halophyte forages and the digestion process of these forages that matter. As the science gets more advanced and the information about these two points becomes clearer, the view of this information might modify our understanding to these processes. Then, some topics might be dropped, and others might be raised or become more obvious. However, the feeding of halophyte forages as per se has several drawbacks and therefore, they have to be fed in mixed rations, fortifying these rations with energy supplements

Bamboo is a Sustainable Healthy Eco-friendly material for Interior Design and Furniture

The contemporary interior design is trying to contribute in protecting the environment, while satisfying the need of the people with a functional and aesthetic interior design and furniture, that can improve health, and the standards of living. Bamboo is a rapidly growing grass that has sustainable, renewable, and recyclable properties, also has multiple physical properties as lightweight and high-strength, durability, water, fire, pests, and microbial resistance. One of its important advantages is being cost-effective for its low-cost cultivation, transportation, production, and less time consuming and energy expenditure. The research problem: cutting the natural woods to satisfy the need of interior design and furniture for everyday living, is depleting the natural resources and negatively affecting the environment. Can bamboo, being a sustainable eco-friendly material, be used in interior design and furniture and contribute in protecting the environment by minimizing cutting natural wood and cover its shortage, while keeping the earth green? The aim of the research is to illustrate the role of bamboo, as a sustainable, healthy, eco-friendly environment material, and its uses in interior design and furniture to help creating a healthy interior environment while keeping the earth green. Results: the interior designers must consider using bamboo being a sustainable renewable material to reduce depleting the natural resources and help in protecting the environment. The use of bamboo in the interior design and furniture creates an interior environment close to nature with its natural look, and comfortable ambiance being oxygen inducer and carbon dioxide reducer as well as thermal insulator. This helps in reducing everyday stress and the negative impact of the modern lifestyle on its occupiers’ and on the long term ensures a relaxed and healthy interior environment protecting against psychological and physical illnesses. The different advantages of bamboo encouraged the interior designers with the help of the new technology to integrate bamboo in the contemporary interior design and furniture to create a healthy and positive environment with diversity of modern designs using an eco-friendly material. The results of the study were applied on a bedroom of touristic resort

Examination of the Effect of Different Window Types on EnergyUse in Turkish Apartment Buildings

peer reviewedIn this study, the effect of different window types on energy use in Turkish apartment buildings is investigated. The example building is calibrated and used for analyses according to Turkish Insulation Standard TS 825 for the 5 different climate zones. In this study,, twelve different glazing types are selected for analysis. Also, the frame type changed to a PVC frame which is mostly used frame type in Turkey. As a result, the minimum heating loads are calculated for the W12 glazing type and the minimum cooling loads are calculated for the W1 glazing type. Thus, the U value is not the only value that affects the energy use intensity, solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC), and visible transmission (VLT) values are also important. Finally, the effect of glazing on the amount of CO2 emission is examined.11. Sustainable cities and communitie

Biotransformation of furanocoumarins by Cunninghamella elegans

AbstractBiotransformation of Furanocoumarins; psoralen (1), bergapten (2), xanthotoxin (3) and imperatorin (4) was explored by Cunninghamella elegans NRRL 1392, revealing the metabolism of psoralen (1) and bergapten (2) into bergaptol (5), while xanthotoxin (3) and imperatorin (4) were converted into xanthotoxol (6). On the other hand unexpected conversion of xanthotoxin (3) into 3,4 dihydroxanthotoxin (7) occurred. The structure of the isolated pure metabolites was established using physical and spectroscopic techniques including, melting points, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectroscopy

MSEC2006-21067 SOLVING THE MULTI-OBJECTIVE FACILITY LAYOUT PROBLEM USING EVOLUTIONARY MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHMS

ABSTRACT The multi-objective facility layout problem is defined in the literature as an extension of the famous quadratic assignment problem (QAP). Most previous mathematical models tried to combine both the quantitative and the qualitative objectives into a single objective by using weighting factors. This paper introduces a multi-objective mathematical model and solves it using the revised Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm (SPEAII). The purpose of this paper is to find an efficient set of solutions "Pareto optimal set" which could be introduced to the decision maker to select the best alternative, while considering conflicting and noncommensurate objectives. A computer program is developed to define the mathematical model, code candidate solutions into genetic form, and use Evolutionary Multi-Objectiv

Brown Tumor of the Cervical Spines: A Case Report with Literature Review

To report a rare case of axis brown tumor and to review literature of cervical spine brown tumor. Brown tumor is a rare bone lesion, incidence less than 5% in primary hyperparathyroidism. It is more common in secondary hyperparathyroidism with up to 13% of cases. Brown tumor reactive lesion forms as a result of disturbed bone remodeling due to long standing increase in parathyroid hormones. Cervical spine involvement is extremely rare, can be confused with serous spine lesions. To date, only four cases of cervical spine involvement have been reported. Three were due to secondary hyperparathyroidism. Only one was reported to involve the axis and was due to secondary hyperparathyroidism. This is the first reported case of axis brown tumor due to primary hyperparathyroidism. A case report of brown tumor is presented. A literature review was conducted by a Medline search of reported cases of brown tumor, key words: brown tumor, osteoclastoma and cervical lesions. The resulting papers were reviewed and cervical spine cases were listed then classified according to the level, cause, and management. Only four previous cases involved the cervical spine. Three were caused by secondary hyperparathyroidism and one was by primary hyperparathyroidism which involved the C6. Our case was the first case of C2 involvement of primary hyperparathyroidism and it was managed conservatively. Brown tumor, a rare spinal tumor that presents with high PTH and giant cells, requires a high level of suspicion

Correction: Pathogenicity of Nosema sp.(Microsporidia) in the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera:Plutellidae)

Biological control using pathogenic microsporidia could be an alternative to chemical control of the diamondback moth (DBM) Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). The microsporidium Nosema bombycis (NB) is one of the numerous pathogens that can be used in the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) of DBM. However, its pathogenicity or effectiveness can be influenced by various factors, particularly temperature. This study was therefore conducted to investigate the effect of temperature on NB infection of DBM larvae. Second-instar larvae at different doses (spore concentration: 0, 1×102,1×103,1×104, and 1×105) at 15°, 20°, 25°, 30° and 35°C and a relative humidity(RH) of 65% and light dark cycle (L:D) of 12∶12. Larval mortality was recorded at 24 h intervals until the larvae had either died or pupated. The results showed that the spore concentration had a significant negative effect on larval survival at all temperatures, although this effect was more pronounced (92%) at 35°C compared with that at 20 and 30°C (≃50%) and 25°C (26%). Histological observations showed that Nosema preferentially infected the adipose tissue and epithelial cells of the midgut, resulting in marked vacuolization of the cytoplasm. These findings suggest that Nosema damaged the midgut epithelial cells. Our results suggest that Nosema had a direct adverse effect on DBM, and could be utilized as an important biopesticide alternative to chemical insecticides in IPM