Сравнение расхода топлива и уровня выбросов при обычной и гибридных конфигурациях трансмиссий c учетом циклов движения и степени гибридизации

Hybrid electric powertrains in automotive applications aim to improve emissions and fuel economy with respect to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles. Variety of design scenarios need to be addressed in designing a hybrid electric vehicle to achieve desired design objectives such as fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions. The work in this paper presents an analysis of the design objectives for an automobile powertrain with respect to different design scenarios, i. e. target drive cycle and degree of hybridization. Toward these ends, four powertrain configuration models (i. e. internal combustion engine, series, parallel and complex hybrid powertrain configurations) of a small vehicle (motorized three-wheeler) are developed using Model Advisor software and simulated with varied drive cycles and degrees of hybridization. Firstly, the impact of vehicle power control strategy and operational characteristics of the different powertrain configurations are investigated with respect to exhaust gas emissions and fuel consumption. Secondly, the drive cycles are scaled according to kinetic intensity and the relationship between fuel consumption and drive cycles is assessed. Thirdly, three fuel consumption models are developed so that fuel consumption values for a real-world drive cycle may be predicted in regard to each powertrain configuration. The results show that when compared with a conventional powertrain fuel consumption is lower in hybrid vehicles. This work led to the surprisingly result showing higher CO emission levels with hybrid vehicles. Furthermore, fuel consumption of all four powertrains showed a strong correlation with kinetic intensity values of selected drive cycles. It was found that with varied drive cycles the average fuel advantage for each was: series 23 %, parallel 21 %, and complex hybrids 33 %, compared to an IC engine powertrain. The study reveals that performance of hybrid configurations vary significantly with drive cycle and degree of hybridization. The paper also suggests future areas of study

Сравнение расхода топлива и уровня выбросов при обычной и гибридных конфигурациях трансмиссий c учетом циклов движения и степени гибридизации

Hybrid electric powertrains in automotive applications aim to improve emissions and fuel economy with respect to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles. Variety of design scenarios need to be addressed in designing a hybrid electric vehicle to achieve desired design objectives such as fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions. The work in this paper presents an analysis of the design objectives for an automobile powertrain with respect to different design scenarios, i. e. target drive cycle and degree of hybridization. Toward these ends, four powertrain configuration models (i. e. internal combustion engine, series, parallel and complex hybrid powertrain configurations) of a small vehicle (motorized three wheeler) are developed using Model Advisor software and simulated with varied drive cycles and degrees of hybridization. Firstly, the impact of vehicle power control strategy and operational characteristics of the different powertrain configurations are investigated with respect to exhaust gas emissions and fuel consumption. Secondly, the drive cycles are scaled according to kinetic intensity and the relationship between fuel consumption and drive cycles is assessed. Thirdly, three fuel consumption models are developed so that fuel consumption values for a real-world drive cycle may be predicted in regard to each powertrain configuration. The results show that when compared with a conventional powertrain fuel consumption is lower in hybrid vehicles. This work led to the surprisingly result showing higher CO emission levels with hybrid vehicles. Furthermore, fuel consumption of all four powertrains showed a strong correlation with kinetic intensity values of selected drive cycles. It was found that with varied drive cycles the average fuel advantage for each was: series 23 %, parallel 21 %, and complex hybrids 33 %, compared to an IC engine powertrain. The study reveals that performance of hybrid configurations vary significantly with drive cycle and degree of hybridization. The paper also suggests future areas of study.Применение гибридных электрических трансмиссий в автомобильной промышленности – это решение проблемы выбросов и экономии топлива в сравнении с обычными автомобилями с двигателем внутреннего сгорания. Для достижения желаемых результатов при проектировании гибридного электромобиля необходимо рассматривать различные варианты, учитывая при этом расход топлива и выбросы выхлопных газов. В статье представлен анализ проектирования автомобильной трансмиссии, рассмотрены различные варианты и ситуации, например, целевой цикл движения и степень гибридизации. Pазработаны четыре модели конфигурации трансмиссии (двигатель внутреннего сгорания, серийная, параллельная и комплексная конфигурации гибридной трансмиссии) для небольшого транспортного средства (моторизованный трехколесный автомобиль) с использованием программного обеспечения Model Advisor. Перечисленные конфигурации трансмиссии моделировались с различными циклами движения и разной степенью гибридизации. Во-первых, влияние стратегии управления мощностью транспортного средства и эксплуатационных характеристик всевозможных конфигураций трансмиссии исследуется на основе анализа выбросов выхлопных газов и расходов топлива. Во-вторых, циклы движения масштабируются в соответствии с кинетической интенсивностью и оценивается взаимосвязь между расходом топлива и циклами движения. В-третьих, разработаны три модели расхода топлива, так что расход топлива для реального цикла движения может быть спрогнозирован в отношении каждой конфигурации трансмиссии. Исследования показали, что по сравнению с обычной трансмиссией потребление топлива меньше у гибридных транспортных средств. Испытания дали неожиданный результат: более высокие уровни выбросов CO у гибридных транспортных средств. Кроме того, расход топлива всех четырех трансмиссий указывает на сильную корреляцию со значениями кинетической интенсивности выбранных циклов движения. Выявлено, что при различных циклах вождения в среднем предпочтение по топливу для каждого цикла составило: 23 % – для последовательных, 21 % – для параллельных и 33 % – для комплексных гибридов в сравнении с трансмиссией двигателя внутреннего сгорания. Эксперименты показали, что производительность гибридных конфигураций варьируется в зависимости от цикла вождения и степени гибридизации. В статье определены перспективные направления исследований

A multi criterion analysis for renewable energy integration process of a standalone hybrid energy system with internal combustion generator

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