Concentration dependence of thermal isomerization process of methyl orange in ethanol

The thermal isomerization (TI) rates of methyl orange (MO) and 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (DMAAB) in ethanol (EtOH) are measured. Usually TI rates of azobenzene dyes are known to be concentration independent. However, the TI rate of MO showed a concentration dependence whereas that of DMAAB did not. The TI rate of DMAAB in EtOH became larger by the addition of alkali halide. This phenomenon is caused mainly by the interaction between DMAAB and cation. MO is a derivative of DMAAB in which one end of the azobenzene is substituted by a SO3-Na+ group. The interaction with the dissociated Na+ ion is considered to be an origin of the concentration dependence of the TI rate of MO

A Study on the Typology of the Commercial Spaces around the Retail Markets in Taegu City,Korea

韓国の活力のある商業空間がいかなるものかを考察する為,テグ市を事例に市場を中心とした商業空間を類型化し,それぞれの特性を明らかにした。市場･商店･露店の分布及び密度から,市場単独型,商店点在･露店点在型,商店街･露店点在型,商店街･露店密集型,商店密集･露店密集型に類型できることが分かった。類型結果より,テグ市の市場を中心とした商業空間では,商店と露店の密度は相関関係にあることが明かとなった。また,それらの密度及び分布状況は,市場内の店舗状況に影響を与え,商店,露店のいずれも伴わない市場は店舗がなくなる可能性が高いことが分かった

Transient and permanent gene transfer into the brain of the teleost fish medaka (Oryzias latipes) using human adenovirus and the Cre-loxP system

AbstractIn this study, we demonstrated that human type-5 adenovirus infected the brain of the teleost fish, medaka (Oryzias latipes), in vivo. Injection of adenoviral vector into the mesencephalic ventricle of medaka larvae induced the expression of reporter genes in some parts of the telencephalon, the periventricular area of the mesencephalon and diencephalon, and the cerebellum. Additionally, the Cre-loxP system works in medaka brains using transgenic medaka carrying a vector containing DsRed2, flanked by loxP sites under control of the β-actin promoter and downstream promoterless enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). We demonstrated that the presence of green fluorescence depended on injection of adenoviral vector expressing the Cre gene and confirmed that EGFP mRNA was transcribed in the virus-injected larvae

The Receptor-Like Kinase SOL2 Mediates CLE Signaling in Arabidopsis

Arabidopsis sol2 mutants showed CLV3 peptide resistance. Twenty-six synthetic CLE peptides were examined in the clv1, clv2 and sol2 mutants. sol2 showed different levels of resistance to the various peptides, and the spectrum of peptide resistance was quite similar to that of clv2. SOL2 encoded a receptor-like kinase protein which is identical to CORYNE (CRN). GeneChip analysis revealed that the expression of several genes was altered in the sol2 root tip. Here, we suggest that SOL2, together with CLV2, plays an important role in the regulation of root meristem development through the CLE signaling pathway

Impact of half-day clinical training in outpatient psychiatry on perception of mental illness by postgraduate interns

Aim: Lack of contact with patients with mental illness may contribute to mental health stigma. We conducted a half-day training program in the outpatient psychiatry clinic of a rural general hospital for postgraduate interns in Nagasaki University Hospital. Our study investigated the effectiveness of this program in reducing stigma toward mental illness. It also examined the association between an intern’s perception of mental illness and their consideration of psychiatry as a career.Methods: Participants were 12 interns at Nagasaki University Hospital who competed a pre- and post- training questionnaire. The questionnaire assessed perceptions of mental illness using a semantic differential scale and measured consideration of psychiatry as a career on a 7 point Likert scale. Paired t-tests were used to compare mean pre- and post-training scores on the semantic differential scale. Pearson’s correlation was used to examine associations between semantic differential scores and consideration of psychiatry as a career.Results: Post-training scores were higher than pre-training scores on the items “warm” (P = 0.003), “clean” (P = 0.009), “bright” (P = 0.001), and “calm” (P = 0.003) as associated with mental illness. Consideration of psychiatry as a career significantly correlated with post-training score on “warm” (r = 0.587, P = 0.045).Conclusion: Interns can develop positive perceptions of mental illness after a half-day training program in a psychiatry outpatient clinic. Perceptions of mental illness as “warm” after training correlated with consideration of psychiatry as a career

Downregulation of the Wnt antagonist Dkk2 links the loss of Sept4 and myofibroblastic transformation of hepatic stellate cells.

Sept4, a subunit of the septin cytoskeleton specifically expressed in quiescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), is downregulated through transdifferentiation to fibrogenic and contractile myofibroblastic cells. Since Sept4(-/-)mice are prone to liver fibrosis, we aimed to identify the unknown molecular network underlying liver fibrosis by probing the association between loss of Sept4 and accelerated transdifferentiation of HSCs