SI 575 - Community Information Corps Seminar, Fall 2008

This course brings together students and faculty who are engaged in diverse community and public interest work to hear from a wide range of fascinating guests and to engage in discussion around their expertise and experiences. Readings include those recommended by guests and a highly focused group of context-setting community informatics articles. Students learn the roots of community informatics -- how it is practiced and where public interest information professionals work -- and consider citizenship, opportunity, and the public good in an information society.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/5/Atkins-SI575-F08-Reading%20List.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/6/Atkins-SI575-F08-Reading%20List.dochttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/7/Atkins-SI575-F08-Reading%20List.odthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/8/Atkins-SI575-F08-Schedule.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/9/Atkins-SI575-F08-Schedule.odthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/10/Atkins-SI575-F08-Schedule.dochttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/11/SI575-F08-Week8-Casserly-HewlettOER.ppthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/12/SI575-F08-Week10-Hardin-OpenMichigan.ppthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/13/SI575-F08-Week10-Hanss-HealthOER.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/14/SI575-F08-Week1-Atkins-U-M%20CIC%20Orientation.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/15/SI575-F08-Week8-Casserly-HewlettOER.odphttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/16/SI575-F08-Week10-FonsKleymeer-dScribe.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/17/SI575-F08-Week2-Grossmeier-CreativeCommons.ppthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/18/SI575-F08-Week9-Jackson-I4D.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/19/SI575-F08-Week10-FonsKleymeer-dScribe.ppthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/20/SI575-F08-Week10-Hanss-HealthOER.ppthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/21/SI575-F08-Week2-Grossmeier-CreativeCommons.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/22/SI575-F08-Week9-Jackson-I4D.ppthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/23/SI575-F08-Week10-Hardin-OpenMichigan.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/24/SI575-F08-Week9-Jackson-I4D.odphttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/25/SI575-F08-Week1-Atkins-U-M%20CIC%20Orientation.odphttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/26/SI575-F08-Week2-Grossmeier-CreativeCommons.odphttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/27/SI575-F08-Week10-FonsKleymeer-dScribe.odphttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/28/SI575-F08-Week10-Hanss-HealthOER.odphttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/29/SI575-F08-Week10-Hardin-OpenMichigan.odphttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/30/SI575-F08-Week1-Atkins-U-M%20CIC%20Orientation.ppthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/31/SI575-F08-Week8-Casserly-HewlettOER.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/32/Atkins-SI575-F08-FirstAsgnment.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/33/Atkins-SI575-F08-FirstAsgnment.dochttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/34/Atkins-SI575-F08-FinalAsgnment.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/35/Atkins-SI575-F08-FinalAsgnment.dochttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64948/36/si575-fall2008.zi

SI 575 - Community Information Corps Seminar, Fall 2009

This course brings together students and faculty who are engaged in diverse community and public interest work to hear from a wide range of fascinating guests and to engage in discussion around their expertise and experiences. Readings include those recommended by guests and a highly focused group of context-setting community informatics articles. Students learn the roots of community informatics how it is practiced and where public interest information professionals work and consider citizenship, opportunity, and the public good in an information society.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/5/si575-f09-studentproject-netp-oer-memo.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/6/Rogers-SI575-F09-CATIE.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/7/atkins-si575-f09-readinglist.odthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/8/mcnamara-si575-f09-ict4d.odphttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/9/atkins-si575-f09-readinglist.dochttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/10/mcnamara-si575-f09-ict4d.ppthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/11/atkins-si575-f09-readinglist.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/12/McNamara-SI575-F09-ICT4D.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/13/keith-si575-f09-probononet.ppthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/14/williams-si575-f09-ci.ppthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/15/si575-f09-studentproject-netp-oer-slides.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/16/si575-f09-studentproject-netp-oer-memo.dochttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/17/williams-si575-f09-ci.odphttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/18/Keith-SI575-F09-ProBonoNet.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/19/rogers-si575-f09-catie.odphttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/20/Williams-SI575-F09-CI.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/21/si575-f09-studentproject-netp-oer-slides.odphttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/22/rogers-si575-f09-catie.ppthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/23/si575-f09-studentproject-netp-oer-memo.odthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/24/keith-si575-f09-probononet.odphttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/25/si575-f09-studentproject-netp-oer-slides.ppthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/26/atkins-si575-f09-syllabus.odthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/27/atkins-si575-f09-syllabus.dochttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/28/atkins-si575-f09-syllabus.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78188/29/si575-fall2009.zi

Cost-Effectiveness of Rotavirus Vaccination in France-Accounting for Indirect Protection.

BACKGROUND: Vaccination against rotavirus has shown great potential for reducing the primary cause of severe childhood gastroenteritis. Previous economic evaluations of rotavirus vaccination in France have not modeled the potential impact of vaccines on disease burden via reduced transmission. OBJECTIVE: To determine the cost-effectiveness of the introduction of pentavalent rotavirus vaccination into the French infant vaccination schedule. METHODS: We developed an age-structured model of rotavirus transmission calibrated to 6 years of French gastroenteritis incidence and vaccine clinical trial data. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of pentavalent rotavirus vaccination considering that 75% of infants would receive the three-dose vaccine course. RESULTS: Our model predicts that rotavirus vaccination will decrease rotavirus gastroenteritis incidence and associated clinical outcomes in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals, delay the seasonal peak of infection, and increase the age of infection. From the societal perspective, our base-case scenario predicts that vaccination coverage would be cost-effective at €115 or €135 per vaccine course at €28,500 and €39,500/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained, respectively, and suggests that almost 95% of the financial benefits will be recouped within the first 5 years following vaccination implementation. From the third-party payer perspective, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios ranged from €12,500 to €20,000/QALY, respectively. Our uncertainty analysis suggests that findings were sensitive to various assumptions including the number of hospitalizations, outpatient visits, and the extent of QALY losses per rotavirus episode. CONCLUSIONS: Introducing pentavalent rotavirus vaccination into the French infant vaccination schedule would significantly reduce the burden of rotavirus disease in children, and could be cost-effective under plausible conditions

Retrospective Analysis of the 2014-2015 Ebola Epidemic in Liberia.

The 2014-2015 Ebola epidemic has been the most protracted and devastating in the history of the disease. To prevent future outbreaks on this scale, it is imperative to understand the reasons that led to eventual disease control. Here, we evaluated the shifts of Ebola dynamics at national and local scales during the epidemic in Liberia. We used a transmission model calibrated to epidemiological data between June 9 and December 31, 2014, to estimate the extent of community and hospital transmission. We found that despite varied local epidemic patterns, community transmission was reduced by 40-80% in all the counties analyzed. Our model suggests that the tapering of the epidemic was achieved through reductions in community transmission, rather than accumulation of immune individuals through asymptomatic infection and unreported cases. Although the times at which this transmission reduction occurred in the majority of the Liberian counties started before any large expansion in hospital capacity and the distribution of home protection kits, it remains difficult to associate the presence of interventions with reductions in Ebola incidence

Harnessing case isolation and ring vaccination to control Ebola.

As a devastating Ebola outbreak in West Africa continues, non-pharmaceutical control measures including contact tracing, quarantine, and case isolation are being implemented. In addition, public health agencies are scaling up efforts to test and deploy candidate vaccines. Given the experimental nature and limited initial supplies of vaccines, a mass vaccination campaign might not be feasible. However, ring vaccination of likely case contacts could provide an effective alternative in distributing the vaccine. To evaluate ring vaccination as a strategy for eliminating Ebola, we developed a pair approximation model of Ebola transmission, parameterized by confirmed incidence data from June 2014 to January 2015 in Liberia and Sierra Leone. Our results suggest that if a combined intervention of case isolation and ring vaccination had been initiated in the early fall of 2014, up to an additional 126 cases in Liberia and 560 cases in Sierra Leone could have been averted beyond case isolation alone. The marginal benefit of ring vaccination is predicted to be greatest in settings where there are more contacts per individual, greater clustering among individuals, when contact tracing has low efficacy or vaccination confers post-exposure protection. In such settings, ring vaccination can avert up to an additional 8% of Ebola cases. Accordingly, ring vaccination is predicted to offer a moderately beneficial supplement to ongoing non-pharmaceutical Ebola control efforts

Social contacts, vaccination decisions and influenza in Japan.

BACKGROUND: Contact patterns and vaccination decisions are fundamental to transmission dynamics of infectious diseases. We report on age-specific contact patterns in Japan and their effect on influenza vaccination behaviour. METHODS: Japanese adults (N=3146) were surveyed in Spring 2011 to assess the number of their social contacts within a 24 h period, defined as face-to-face conversations within 2 m, and gain insight into their influenza-related behaviour. We analysed the duration and location of contacts according to age. Additionally, we analysed the probability of vaccination and influenza infection in relation to the number of contacts controlling for individual's characteristics. RESULTS: The mean and median reported numbers of daily contacts were 15.3 and 12.0, respectively. School-aged children and young adults reported the greatest number of daily contacts, and individuals had the most contacts with those in the same age group. The age-specific contact patterns were different between men and women, and differed between weekdays and weekends. Children had fewer contacts between the same age groups during weekends than during weekdays, due to reduced contacts at school. The probability of vaccination increased with the number of contacts, controlling for age and household size. Influenza infection among unvaccinated individuals was higher than for those vaccinated, and increased with the number of contacts. CONCLUSIONS: Contact patterns in Japan are age and gender specific. These contact patterns, as well as their interplay with vaccination decisions and infection risks, can help inform the parameterisation of mathematical models of disease transmission and the design of public health policies, to control disease transmission

Genome-wide meta-analysis of muscle weakness identifies 15 susceptibility loci in older men and women

© 2021, The Author(s). Low muscle strength is an important heritable indicator of poor health linked to morbidity and mortality in older people. In a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of 256, 523 Europeans aged 60 years and over from 22 cohorts we identify 15 loci associated with muscle weakness (European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People definition: n = 48,596 cases, 18.9% of total), including 12 loci not implicated in previous analyses of continuous measures of grip strength. Loci include genes reportedly involved in autoimmune disease (HLA-DQA1p = 4 × 10−17), arthritis (GDF5p = 4 × 10−13), cell cycle control and cancer protection, regulation of transcription, and others involved in the development and maintenance of the musculoskeletal system. Using Mendelian randomization we report possible overlapping causal pathways, including diabetes susceptibility, haematological parameters, and the immune system. We conclude that muscle weakness in older adults has distinct mechanisms from continuous strength, including several pathways considered to be hallmarks of ageing