The prevalence of cyberbullying and related mental health among academic employees in a university in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Rationale: The increased usage of technology and online social media has broughtabout a rise in harmful cyberbullying behaviours. Most of the research into cyberbullying hasfocused on child and adolescent populations, and less is known about the phenomenon inworking adults, particularly university academic staff. As such, the aim of the primaryresearch study was to assess the prevalence of cyberbullying amongst academic staff at auniversity within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and to explore the associations betweencyberbullying and mental health. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was undertaken into the prevalence andconsequences of cyberbullying in university faculty. Subsequently, a questionnaire study wasconducted within a Saudi university, and completed by 389 academic staff members in total. Findings: The literature review highlighted the fact that there have been very fewstudies exploring cyberbullying in the Middle East. The subsequent questionnaire studyrevealed that more than half of Saudi academic staff members were exposed to at least onecyberbullying act at some point in the last six months, approximately (5%) could be classifiedas target of cyberbullying, due to having experienced cyberbullying on at least a weekly basisfor the previous six months and (17.7%) reported themselves as victims on at least weeklybasis. Cyberbullying exposure was statistically associated with mental health levels, evenafter controlling for demographic characteristics and potential sources of work and lifestressors. Conclusion: The study highlighted that cyberbullying is a serious concern withinSaudi universities. Therefore, institutional and national bodies should consider which policiescan effectively reduce the likelihood of cyberbullying, and which support mechanisms shouldbe in place for the victims of cyberbullying. Contribution: The study adds to the general lack of research exploring cyberbullyingin the Middle East. Additionally, the study is the first to explore the relationship betweencyberbullying and mental health in a sample consisting solely of academic faculty

Economic Determinants of Capital Flight in Jordan: An Empirical Study

The aim of this study is to estimate the constraints of Capital Flight during the period from 2000 to 2013. The statistical analysis showed a positive statistical significant relationship between the external public debt, taxes, economic openness, previous capital flight, and Capital flight in Jordan. However, it also showed a negative statistical significant relationship between the growth rate of the economy and capital flight. This was together with the most important recommendations of the need to monitor the flight of capital through creating a Department in the central bank to control money flight. Therefore, this was aimed in reducing the external public debts that increase the phenomenon of Capital flight and cooperate with international institutions and the United Nations to locate the place of money flight

Relatório de estágio em farmácia comunitária

Relatório de estágio realizado no âmbito do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, apresentado à Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbr

Outcome of photographic evaluation of facial appearance in orthognathic surgery : how does it correlate with planning of treatment and patient-reported outcome?

The outcome of treatment in orthognathic surgery is dependent on preoperative surgical planning. The main purpose of the present study was to evaluate from photographs the improvement in facial appearance after orthognathic surgery. In addition, the outcomes of two different planning techniques, 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional, were compared and the correlation between the outcome and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) assessed. The study was a randomised controlled trial with the intervention being either 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional treatment planning. An evaluation panel compared photographs taken before and after operation on patients with severe class III malocclusion. The change in facial appearance was rated, the two planning techniques compared, and the result correlated with previously published findings on cephalometric accuracy and HRQoL in the same group. Completed 12-month follow-up resulted in the inclusion of 57 subjects aged between 18 and 28 years at the time of operation (mean 21 years). We found significant differences between the two evaluations (p = 4.4E-9) but no significant difference in facial improvement between the planning techniques (p = 0.54). However, there was a correlation between cephalometric measurement of accuracy in the anterior maxilla and evaluation of improvement of facial appearance (p = 0.024, r = 0.30), but we found no correlation + between HRQoL and the evaluation of facial appearance (p = 0.31, r = -0.14). We conclude that there was an improvement in facial aesthetics after orthognathic surgery that was independent of the planning technique used. (C) 2019 The British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Pressure induced mechanical, opto-electronics, and transport properties of ZnHfO3 oxide for solar cell and energy harvesting devices

Based on the density functional theory, we systematically investigate the effect of pressure on the mechanical, optoelectronic, and transport properties of ZnHfO _3 . The pressure has been employed up to 30 GPa in a step-size of 10 GPa. A slight variation in the lattice constant and Bulk modulus have been observed at the applied pressure steps. The electronic properties are significantly tuned by applying pressure. The calculated bandgap values slightly increase with increasing the pressure and its values start to decrease after the critical pressure of 20 GPa. More interestingly, a transition from indirect to direct band has been observed at the critical pressure. This transition of the bandgap is also justified by studying the optical properties like dielectric constant, refraction, and absorption at different pressure. Furthermore, we studied the electronic transport properties in terms of electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, See-beck coefficient, and power factor at temperature (300–800 K). The calculated lattice thermal conductivities are low while the electrical conductivities and Seebeck coefficients are high at all pressure. Thus, the properties of the ZnHfO _3 show high potential for thermoelectric applications

Study of Partial Oxidation of Methane by Ni/Al2O3 Catalyst: Effect of Support Oxides of Mg, Mo, Ti and Y as Promoters

Catalysts of 10% Ni, supported on promoted alumina, were used to accomplish the partial oxidation of methane. The alumina support was doped with oxides of Mo, Mg, Ti and Y. An incipient wetness impregnation technique was used to synthesize the catalysts. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were described by XRD, H2-TPR (temperature programmed reduction), BET, TGA, CO2-TPD (temperature-programmed desorption) and Raman. The characterization results denoted that Ni has a strong interaction with the support. The TGA investigation of spent catalysts displayed the anticoking enhancement of the promoters. The impact of the support promoters on the catalyst stability, methane conversion and H2 yield was inspected. Stability tests were done for 460 min. The H2 yields were 76 and 60% and the CH4 conversions were 67 and 92%, respectively, over Ni/Al2O3+Mg, when the reaction temperatures were 550 and 650 °C, respectively. The performance of the present work was compared to relevant findings in the literature