Transmission du virus aphteux des souriceaux nouveau-nés expérimentalement infectés aux mères allaitantes ; conséquences immunologiques

Poplewska J., Asso Jean. Transmission du virus aphteux des souriceaux nouveaux -nés expérimentalement infectés aux mères allaitantes ; conséquences immunologiques. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 115 n°8, 1962. pp. 299-302

Sur la mise en évidence de la tuberculose par le BCG-TEST chez les bovins tuberculeux rendus anergiques par injections répétées de tuberculine

Paraf Alain, Asso J. Sur la mise en évidence de la tuberculose par le BCG-TEST chez les bovins tuberculeux rendus anergiques par injections répétées et tuberculine. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 111 n°4, 1958. pp. 183-188

Culture du virus claveleux sur cellules : application à la vaccination et au contrôle de l'immunité

Dans cette publication sont étudiées quelques propriétés du virus claveleux cultivé sur cellules in vitro: E. C. P., titre, innocuité, pouvoir immunisant, induction d'anticorps sériques spécifique

The mitochondrial profile in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: impact of exercise

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting pre-menopausal women and involves metabolic dysregulation. Despite the high prevalence of insulin resistance, the existence of mitochondrial dysregulation and its role in the pathogenesis of PCOS is not clear. Exercise is recommended as the first-line therapy for women with PCOS. In particular, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is known to improve metabolic health and enhance mitochondrial characteristics. In this narrative review, the existing knowledge of mitochondrial characteristics in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of women with PCOS and the effect of exercise interventions in ameliorating metabolic and mitochondrial health in these women are discussed. Even though the evidence on mitochondrial dysfunction in PCOS is limited, some studies point to aberrant mitochondrial functions mostly in skeletal muscle, while there is very little research in adipose tissue. Although most exercise intervention studies in PCOS report improvements in metabolic health, they show diverse and inconclusive findings in relation to mitochondrial characteristics. A limitation of the current study is the lack of comprehensive mitochondrial analyses and the diversity in exercise modalities, with only one study investigating the impact of HIIT alone. Therefore, further comprehensive large-scale exercise intervention studies are required to understand the association between metabolic dysfunction and aberrant mitochondrial profile, and the molecular mechanisms underlying the exercise-induced metabolic adaptations in women with PCOS

High intensity exercise downregulates FTO mRNA expression during the early stages of recovery in young males and females

Background: Physical exercise and activity status may modify the effect of the fat mass- and obesity-associated (FTO) genotype on body weight and obesity risk. To understand the interaction between FTO's effect and physical activity, the present study investigated the effects of high and low intensity exercise on FTO mRNA and protein expression, and potential modifiers of exercise-induced changes in FTO in healthy-weighted individuals. Methods: Twenty-eight untrained males and females (25.4 ± 1.1 years; 73.1 ± 2.0 kg; 178.8 ± 1.4 cm; 39.0 ± 1.2 ml.kg.min- 1 VO2peak) were genotyped for the FTO rs9939609 (T > A) polymorphism and performed isocaloric (400 kcal) cycle ergometer exercise on two separate occasions at different intensities: 80% (High Intensity (HI)) and 40% (Low Intensity (LO)) VO2peak. Skeletal muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) and blood samples were taken pre-exercise and following 10 and 90 mins passive recovery. Results: FTO mRNA expression was significantly decreased after HI intensity exercise (p = 0.003). No differences in basal and post-exercise FTO protein expression were evident between FTO genotypes. Phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160) were significantly increased following HI intensity exercise (p 0.05). However, skeletal muscle glucose accumulation at 10 mins following HI (p = 0.021) and LO (p = 0.033) intensity exercise was greater in AA genotypes compared to TT genotypes. Conclusion: Our novel data provides preliminary evidence regarding the effects of exercise on FTO expression in skeletal muscle. Specifically, high intensity exercise downregulates expression of FTO mRNA and suggests that in addition to nutritional regulation, FTO could also be regulated by exercise. Trial registration: ACTRN12612001230842. Registered 21 November 2012 - Prospectively registered, https://www.anzctr.org.au/ </p

Transforming growth factor Beta 1 alters glucose uptake but not insulin signalling in human primary myotubes from women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), commonly have profound skeletal muscle insulin resistance which can worsen other clinical features. The heterogeneity of the condition has made it challenging to identify the precise mechanisms that cause this insulin resistance. A possible explanation for the underlying insulin resistance may be the dysregulation of Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGFβ) signalling. TGFβ signalling contributes to the remodelling of reproductive and hepatic tissues in women with PCOS. Given the systemic nature of TGFβ signalling and its role in skeletal muscle homeostasis, it may be possible that these adverse effects extend to other peripheral tissues. We aimed to determine if TGFβ1 could negatively regulate glucose uptake and insulin signalling in skeletal muscle of women with PCOS. We show that both myotubes from women with PCOS and healthy women displayed an increase in glucose uptake, independent of changes in insulin signalling, following short term (16 hr) TGFβ1 treatment. This increase occurred despite pro-fibrotic signalling increasing via SMAD3 and connective tissue growth factor in both groups following treatment with TGFβ1. Collectively, our findings show that short-term treatment with TGFβ1 does not appear to influence insulin signalling or promote insulin resistance in myotubes. These findings suggest that aberrant TGFβ signalling is unlikely to directly contribute to skeletal muscle insulin resistance in women with PCOS in the short term but does not rule out indirect or longer-term effects

HEALTH CARE SEEKING INTERVAL AND FATALITY RATE IN SWINE FLU (H1N1) EPIDEMIC IN SURAT CITY

ABSTRACT Objectives: This study was conducted to assess influence of reporting time to health care setup on fatality rate in early 2015 swine flu epidemic. Method: All Swine flu positive cases reported to Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC) from Jan to March 2015 were included in the study. Hospital records were studied retrospectively to gather desired information. Results: Incidence rate and fatality rate of swine flu was 16.38 per lac and 5.91% respectively. Mean differences of interval between onsets of symptoms to reporting to hospital is not significant, however lesser interval between onset of symptoms to swab collection and diagnosis of swine flu were significantly associated with lesser fatality. Fatality Rate declines from January to March. Conclusion: After patient report to the health care setup, prompt sample collection and quick diagnosis help to reduce fatality rate

HEALTH CARE SEEKING INTERVAL AND FATALITY RATE IN SWINE FLU (H1N1) EPIDEMIC IN SURAT CITY

ABSTRACT Objectives: This study was conducted to assess influence of reporting time to health care setup on fatality rate in early 2015 swine flu epidemic. Method: All Swine flu positive cases reported to Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC) from Jan to March 2015 were included in the study. Hospital records were studied retrospectively to gather desired information. Results: Incidence rate and fatality rate of swine flu was 16.38 per lac and 5.91% respectively. Mean differences of interval between onsets of symptoms to reporting to hospital is not significant, however lesser interval between onset of symptoms to swab collection and diagnosis of swine flu were significantly associated with lesser fatality. Fatality Rate declines from January to March. Conclusion: After patient report to the health care setup, prompt sample collection and quick diagnosis help to reduce fatality rate

Learning to make informed health choices : Protocol for a pilot study in schools in Barcelona

The Informed Health Choices (IHC) project has developed learning resources to teach primary school children (10 to 12-year-olds) to assess treatment claims and make informed health choices. The aim of our study is to explore both the students' and teachers' experience when using these resources in the context of Barcelona (Spain). During the 2019-2020 school year, we will conduct a pilot study with 4 th and 5 th-year primary school students (9 to 11-year-olds) from three schools in Barcelona. The intervention in the schools will include: 1) assessment of the IHC resources by the teachers before the lessons, 2) non-participatory observations during the lessons, 3) semi-structured interviews with the students after a lesson, 4) assessment of the lessons by the teachers after a lesson, 5) treatment claim assessment by the students at the end of the lessons, and 6) assessment of the IHC resources by the teachers at the end of the lessons. We will use ad hoc questionnaires and guides to register the data. We will perform a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data to explore understandability, desirability, suitability, usefulness, facilitators and barriers of the resources. The most relevant results will be discussed and some recommendations on how to use, how to adapt (if needed), and how to implement the IHC resources to this context will be agreed. The findings of the contextualization activities could inform the design of a cluster-randomised trial, to determine the effectiveness of the IHC resources in this context prior to scaling-up its use. The study protocol has obtained an approval exemption from the Ethics Committee of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Barcelona, Spain)