Lower-Critical Spin-Glass Dimension from 23 Sequenced Hierarchical Models

The lower-critical dimension for the existence of the Ising spin-glass phase is calculated, numerically exactly, as $d_L = 2.520$ for a family of hierarchical lattices, from an essentially exact (correlation coefficent $R^2 = 0.999999$) near-linear fit to 23 different diminishing fractional dimensions. To obtain this result, the phase transition temperature between the disordered and spin-glass phases, the corresponding critical exponent $y_T$, and the runaway exponent $y_R$ of the spin-glass phase are calculated for consecutive hierarchical lattices as dimension is lowered.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 tabl

Akinetic Mutism Without a Structural Prefrontal Lesion

Akinetic mutism is characterized by profound apathy and a lack of verbal and motor output for action, despite preserved alertness. The condition usually follows bilateral damage to the medial frontal subcortical circuits. We report a 59-year-old right-handed woman who was admitted to the neurology ward with sudden-onset akinetic mutism. Her medical history included an ischemic stroke 3 years earlier, with residual anomia and mild agraphia but no motor dysfunction. On this admission, a cranial computed tomography scan disclosed an acute left superior cerebellar infarction embracing the vermis, and a prior left inferior parietal infarct. Electroencephalogram showed bilateral frontal delta-wave activity. Four weeks later, we performed a technetium-99m hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime single-photon emission computed tomography (Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT) scan to study the patient's frontal lobe function. The SPECT scan revealed the causative bifrontal hypoperfusion, more prominent on the right, while the structurally evident cerebellar infarction was predictably masked by subacute hyperperfusion phenomenon. Contralateral frontal diaschisis is an established sequela of cerebellar infarction. Because this patient also had lesions in the left parietal region, her left prefrontal area was critically deprived of its major reciprocally connected cortical counterparts (right prefrontal and left parietal), and also became dysfunctional. Her resulting bilateral frontal dysfunction is a common cause of akinetic mutism

Effect of pea protein isolate on quality of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) Mince

European Biotechnology Congress -- SEP 28-OCT 01, 2011 -- Istanbul, TURKEYWOS: 000295310800304European Biotechnol Themat Network Asso

Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Traumatic Brain Injury

Objective: To review novel techniques of noninvasive brain stimulation (NBS), which may have value in assessment and treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Review of the following techniques: transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, low-level laser therapy, and transcranial Doppler sonography. Furthermore, we provide a brief overview of TMS studies to date. Main findings: We describe the rationale for the use of these techniques in TBI, discuss their possible mechanisms of action, and raise a number of considerations relevant to translation of these methods to clinical use. Depending on the stimulation parameters, NBS may enable suppression of the acute glutamatergic hyperexcitability following TBI and/or counter the excessive GABAergic effects in the subacute stage. In the chronic stage, brain stimulation coupled to rehabilitation may enhance behavioral recovery, learning of new skills, and cortical plasticity. Correlative animal models and comprehensive safety trials seem critical to establish the use of these modalities in TBI. Conclusions: Different forms of NBS techniques harbor the promise of diagnostic and therapeutic utility, particularly to guide processes of cortical reorganization and enable functional restoration in TBI. Future lines of safety research and well-designed clinical trials in TBI are warranted to determine the capability of NBS to promote recovery and minimize disability.Supported in part by a BBVA Translational Research Chair in Biomedicine, a grant from the International Brain Research Foundation (IBRF), and National Institutes of Health grant K 24 RR018875 to A.P.L., and grant PI082004 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. A.M.V.-H. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute medical research training fellowMedicin

Evaluation of microbiological quality of sushi sold in restaurants and supermarkets in turkey

WOS: 000390294000003Sushi is a popular traditional Japanese food in worldwide. This study was conducted to investigate the physical, chemical, sensory and microbiological quality of sushi sold in supermarket and restaurants. 300 sushi samples were purchased from 5 different popular restaurants (A, B, D, E, and F) and 1 supermarket (C). Four main types of sushi (California roll (CR), sesame roll (SMR), sake roll (SR), take roll (TR)) were chosen from each station. pH values of sushi rice samples were found to be all below 4.6. According to sensory overall quality of sushi samples, CR and SMR from station C had significantly the lowest values (p<0.05). Among the sushi samples, pathogenic bacteria Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus were not detected in 25 g portion of any samples. Counts of total aerobic bacteria were high in stations A, B, D, E, and F (between 4.3-7 log CFU/g), except for station C (3.5 log CFU/g). Results for coliform counts showed similar trends as those of E. coli counts in samples. E. coli counts of all sushi types from all stations (except SMR, SR and TR from station D and SR from station E) exceeded the limit of acceptability (<100 MPN/g). Our finding may suggest a common presence of coliforms and E. coli in raw materials used in sushi preparation.Ege University, Izmir, Turkey, Scientific Research Project Programs [14SUF031]This study was supported by Ege University, Izmir, Turkey, Scientific Research Project Programs (Project No: 14SUF031)

Can noninvasive brain stimulation enhance cognition in neuropsychiatric disorders?

Cognitive impairment is a core symptom of many neuropsychiatric diseases and a key contributor to the patient's quality of life. However, an effective therapeutic strategy has yet to be developed. Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques, namely transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), are promising techniques that are under investigation for a variety of otherwise treatment-resistant neuropsychiatric diseases. Notably, these tools can induce alterations in neural networks subserving cognitive operations and thus may provide a means for cognitive restoration. The purpose of this article is to review the available evidence concerning cognitive enhancing properties of noninvasive brain stimulation in neuropsychiatry. We specifically focus on major depression. Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), where cognitive dysfunction is a major symptom and some studies have been completed with promising results. We provide a critical assessment of the available research and suggestions to guide future efforts