Estimating the fully burdened cost of supply in a self-sustaining supply chain using an input-output model

Armed forces of many countries conduct various operations both at home and worldwide. These operations are conducted not only in areas where procurement is viable, but also in areas where commodities consumed by the logistics activities are not locally available. Estimating and calculating the fully burdened cost of supply in such areas where commodities consumed by the logistics activities are not locally available has become a major research and study field. This study focuses on the effects of change in vehicle fuel consumption rates on fully burdened cost of supplies in a self-sustaining supply chain and how the existence of demand at intermediate nodes affects the fully burdened cost of supplies. After modeling five different scenarios, the effects of changes in the size of convoy and delivery system were analyzed by comparing the results of each scenario. The results of this analysis show that small convoys in supply chains are more efficient than big convoys, and the fuel consumption rate of vehicles is so crucial that it should not be disregarded when estimating fully burdened cost of fuel.http://archive.org/details/estimatingfullyb1094538876Major, Turkish ArmyCaptain, Turkish ArmyApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited

Bootstrap Rolling Window Estimation Approach to Analysis of the Environment Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: Evidence from the United States

This study aims to examine the validity of inverted U-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve by investigating the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution for the period from 1966 to 2013 in the United States. Previous studies based on the assumption of parameter stability and obtained parameters do not change over the full sample. This study uses bootstrap rolling window estimation method to detect the possible changes in causal relations and also obtain the parameters for sub-sample periods. The results show that the parameter of economic growth has increasing trend in 1982-1996 sub-sample periods and it has decreasing trend in 1996-2013 sub-sample periods. Therefore, the existence of inverted U-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve is confirmed in the United States

Sectoral carbon emissions and economic growth in the US: Further evidence from rolling window estimation method

The Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis (EKC) which argues that an inverted U-shaped relationship exists between economic growth and environmental degradation has been examined by numerous studies for different countries or country groups. However, the validity of the EKC hypothesis at the sectoral level is mostly ignored. In addition, most of these studies have modeled the nexus between per capita income and CO2 emissions based on the assumption of non-linearity. Unlike previous studies, the main purpose of this paper is to investigate the validity of EKC hypothesis for sub-elements of carbon dioxide emissions (i.e. total CO2 emission, commercial CO2 emission, electrical CO2 emission, industrial CO2 emission, residential CO2 emission and transportation CO2 emission) in the United States for the annual data of 1973-2015. In doing so, the rolling window estimation procedure is employed to observe the effect of per capita income on sectoral CO2 emission for each sub-sample period instead of the non-linear assumption. The results of the rolling window coefficients show that inverted U-shaped EKC hypothesis is valid for total CO2 emission, industrial CO2 emission, electrical CO2 emission and residential CO2 emission. However, the inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and CO2 emission is not supported for commercial and transport sector of the US

Disaggregated renewable energy consumption and environmental pollution nexus in G-7 countries

Although it is widely accepted that renewable energy consumption is vital for environmental sustainability, the environmental effectiveness of individual renewable energy types is often overlooked. Therefore, this paper examined the multivariate relationship between disaggregated renewable energy (hydroelectricity, wind, solar and biomass) consumption, economic growth and environmental pollution for the period from 1991 to 2014 in G-7 (The Group of Seven) countries. The study used both augmented mean group estimator and panel bootstrap causality method to consider the cross-sectional dependence and country specific heterogeneity across G-7 countries. Empirical findings indicate that increasing biomass energy consumption was efficient to reduce carbon emission in France, Germany, Japan and the United States; increasing hydroelectricity usage was efficient to reduce carbon emission in Italy and the United Kingdom; wind energy consumption reduced emission in Canada and solar energy usage was efficient on reducing emission in France and Italy for observed period. Moreover, in case of panel, it is found that increasing hydroelectricity, biomass and wind energy consumption reduced carbon emissions while the impact of solar energy consumption is statistically insignificant in G-7 countries. In addition, the hydroelectricity consumption was found the most efficient renewable energy source to reduce environmental pollution for the panel of G-7 countries. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Estimating the Fully Burdened Cost of Supply in a Self-Sustaining Supply Chain Using an Input-Output Model

Armed forces of many countries conduct various operations both at home and worldwide. These operations are conducted not only in areas where procurement is viable, but also in areas where commodities consumed by the logistics activities are not locally available. Estimating and calculating the fully burdened cost of supply in such areas where commodities consumed by the logistics activities are not locally available has become a major research and study field. This study focuses on the effects of change in vehicle fuel consumption rates on fully burdened cost of supplies in a self-sustaining supply chain and how the existence of demand at intermediate nodes affects the fully burdened cost of supplies. After modeling five different scenarios, the effects of changes in the size of convoy and delivery system were analyzed by comparing the results of each scenario. The results of this analysis show that small convoys in supply chains are more efficient than big convoys, and the fuel consumption rate of vehicles is so crucial that it should not be disregarded when estimating fully burdened cost of fuel.http://archive.org/details/estimatingfullyb1094538876Major, Turkish ArmyCaptain, Turkish ArmyApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited

Bootstrap rolling window estimation approach to analysis of the Environment Kuznets Curve hypothesis: evidence from the USA

This study aims to examine the validity of inverted U-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve by investigating the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution for the period from 1966 to 2013 in the USA. Previous studies based on the assumption of parameter stability and obtained parameters do not change over the full sample. This study uses bootstrap rolling window estimation method to detect the possible changes in causal relations and also obtain the parameters for sub-sample periods. The results show that the parameter of economic growth has increasing trend in 1982-1996 sub-sample periods, and it has decreasing trend in 1996-2013 sub-sample periods. Therefore, the existence of inverted U-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve is confirmed in the USA

Psikolojik Danışman Adaylarının Çocuk Cinsel İstismarına Yönelik Görüşleri ve Mesleki Bilgi Düzeyleri

Çocukların güvenli ve huzurlu bir ortamda yaşaması oldukça önemli olmasına rağmen ne yazık ki dünyada birçok ülkede her sene milyonlarca çocuğa zarar verilmekte, çocuklar fiziksel, cinsel veya duygusal istismara maruz kalmaktadırlar. Cinsel istismar öyküsü olan çocukların tespit edilmesi için okul ortamı oldukça elverişlidir. Bu sebeple okul psikolojik danışmanlarına (rehber öğretmenlerine) büyük görevler düşmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı rehberlik ve psikolojik danışmanlık lisans programında öğrenim gören psikolojik danışman adaylarının çocuk cinsel istismarına ilişkin görüşlerini ve bilgi düzeylerini anlamaktır. Bu çalışmanın diğer bir amacı ise psikolojik danışman adaylarının çocuk cinsel istismarı konusunda farkındalık düzeylerini, kendilerini ne ölçüde yeterli hissettiklerini betimlemektir. Bu araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinin bir türü olan fenomonoloji çalışmasına uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda sekiz psikolojik danışman adayı ile birebir görüşülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında psikolojik danışman adaylarının cinsel istismarı tanımlarken istismar ve sömürülme kavramlarına vurgu yaptığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca psikolojik danışman adaylarının cinsel istismar konusunda sınırlı bilgiye sahip oldukları anlaşılmıştır. Adaylar cinsel istismar vakaları ile karşılaşmaktan kaygı duyduklarını, endişelendiklerini ve korktuklarını beyan etmişlerdir. Cevaplar analiz edildiğinde bu olumsuz duyguların temelinde ne yapacağını bilememe kaygısı yatmaktadır. Adaylar cinsel istismarın önlenmesi için eğitimler ve bilinçlendirme etkinliklerine vurgu yapmış ve psikolojik danışmanların rolünün önemli olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Son olarak, adaylar cinsel istismara yönelik aldıkları eğitimin yetersiz olduğunu ve müfredatta ve ders içeriklerinde buna yönelik uygulamalı eğitimler olması gerektiğini belirtmişlerdir