Role of place attachment in defining a relationship between green awareness and conservation commitment and environmental responsible behavior of university students in India

This study focuses particularly on Indian university students and tries to explore the role of place attachment in defining the relationship between Green Awareness, Conservation Commitment, and Environmental Responsible Behavior. The data was collected from the top ten awarded universities in the field of following green and sustainable practices by the government of India. A total of 352 valid questionnaires were obtained and further analyzed. The results offer an insight into how green awareness among students can positively influence their conservation commitment, leading to adopting environmental responsible behaviour, while place attachment moderates the overall relationship

The Effect of Public Sector Development Expenditures and Investment on Economic Growth: Evidence from Pakistan

Abstract. It is an established fact that there is strong association between investment and economic growth of a country but no such direct consensus had been developed on the type of investment. i.e. what are the different sectors in which investment has led to long term impact and did contributed to the growth. The current study in this regard will focus on investigating the relationship of Public Sector Development Programme (PSDP), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Private Investment with the growth. The study will use data from 1980-81 to 2015-16 in this regard and employ Johansen cointegration to investigate the long run relationship. It is found that with foreign direct investment, health expenditure and transport and communication expenditure has negative relationship in the long run. Where as private investment, education expenditure and expenditure on housing has positive relationship with growth. Based on these findings recommendations were totally investment centric with primary focus on reduction in taxes and other barriers to bring in more investment in long run. Beside taxation, recommendations were made on administrative balance both in tax system and public sectors which were made part of provincial domain after 18th amendment.Keywords. Public sector development programme, Foreign direct investment, Private investment.JEL. D92, O40, H51, H52

South Asia’s Services Trade: Barriers and Prospects for Integration

Services trade has gained significance in the globalized world as the volume and its impacts on growth have increased. South Asian countries are also engaging in exports of services which are vital for their respective economies. However, the regional integration is yet to be promoted as hurdles including high transportation costs, lack of cross border infrastructure and lack of regional transit existed. For services trade integration, effective utilization of regional platform, easing in movement of professionals and minimizing the investment barriers can be useful measures. South Asian economies have prospects of integration in specific sectors such as tourism and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) which can be used to enhance regional services trade ties

Pakistan’s Agriculture Trade with South Asia

Agriculture sector has major contributor towards GDP of Pakistan and also absorbs the extensive portion of labor force. It is observed from the examination of trade data from 2010 to 2017 that integration within South Asia is limited merely with Afghanistan and India while trade with Maldives and Nepal shows negligible figures. Agriculture exports can be increased by developing value chains and trade ties with countries towards which Pakistan has limited export volume. Further, to expand the agriculture exports Pakistan must also focus on export of animals and food products. Overall agriculture growth can be achieved by making public investment in basic inputs including water and seeds through which productivity can be increased

Ecological Study of Vanellus indicus in District Narowal, Pakistan

Red wattled lapwing is commonly found and endemic species of Asian agricultural lands. Its preferred habitat is airy lands, rural and even urban areas. The main aims of current investigatory effort were the observation of different parameters of breeding ecology of Vanellus indicus including breeding sites, incubation period, the clutch size, survival rate of chicks and possible reasons of their mortality which are localized in Narowal district. Red wattled lapwings forage on several types of insects, snails, seeds, and of invertebrates. Experimental observations highlight that the annual breeding season is of average 26-30 days of V. Indicus begins from the March and till the end of August. Moreover, the weight of their eggs falls between 22.0 to 28.0g. These findings about local species may serve for next experimental designs based of on V. indicus and further focus should be on those factors which may improve its breeding. Similarly, the estimation of feeding preferences of this species can directly help in low cost biological control management for crops

Microfinancing, governance, and performance: a South Asian perspective

Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the relationship between microfinance institutions (MFIs) governance and performance. Design/methodology/approach – Using a sample of 215 MFIs from six South Asian countries over the period from 2005 to 2009, the authors examine the effect of chief executive officer (CEO) duality, board size, female CEO, urban market coverage, bank regulation and lending type on financial and social performance of MFIs. Findings – The findings provide evidence that, on the one hand, empowered CEO, large board size and individual lending improve the MFI financial performance and, on another hand, bank regulation and serving in the urban market have a significant association with MFIs’social performance. In an additional analysis, the authors also test this relationship before, during and after the financial crisis of 2007. During crisis period, MFIs’ individual lending reduces the operational cost and bank regulation increases the average loan size in South Asian MFIs. Originality/value– Those studies that are presented in the literature review conclude their result on the bases of global, European, East African and specific to some countries sample. There is no study presented in the whole literature on South Asian sample, in which all countries really face the problem of poverty.Objetivo - Este documento tiene como objetivo investigar la relación entre la gobernanza y el desempeño de las instituciones de microfinanzas (IMF). Diseño / metodología / enfoque - Utilizando una muestra de 215 IMF de seis países del sur de Asia durante el período de 2005 a 2009, los autores examinan el efecto de la dualidad del director ejecutivo (CEO), el tamaño de la junta, la directora ejecutiva femenina, la cobertura del mercado urbano, la regulación bancaria y el tipo de préstamos sobre las finanzas. y desempeño social de las IMF. Recomendaciones - Los hallazgos proporcionan evidencia de que, por un lado, el CEO empoderado, el tamaño grande del directorio y los préstamos individuales mejoran el desempeño financiero de las IMF y, por otro lado, la regulación bancaria y el servicio en el mercado urbano tienen una asociación significativa con el desempeño social de las IMF. En un análisis adicional, los autores también prueban esta relación antes, durante y después de la crisis financiera de 2007. Durante el período de crisis, los préstamos individuales de las IMF reducen el costo operativo y la regulación bancaria aumenta el tamaño promedio de los préstamos en las IMF del sur de Asia. Originalidad / valor - Los estudios que se presentan en la revisión de la literatura concluyen su resultado sobre las bases de muestra global, europea, del este de África y específica de algunos países. No hay ningún estudio presentado en toda la literatura sobre la muestra del sur de Asia, en el que todos los países realmente enfrentan el problema de la pobreza

Recruitment Methods Used by Software Industry in Pakistan: Issues and Concerns

The research aims to examine the relationship between the organization size and the recruitment methods used. It also examines the differences in recruitment methods for filling the managerial and non managerial positions and exploring possible reasons for switching between these methods among IT organizations. We found that there is a significant relationship between the organization size and the frequency of recruitment. The smaller organizations tend to recruit more frequently as compared to larger organizations. The results also show that there is significant positive relationship between the size of organization and the choice of methods for recruitment of professionals. Most software houses find it difficult to recruit individuals with adequate professional training, skills and experience. Most professionals in the industry are fresh graduates with a sound theoretical base but with inadequate practical experience and skills. Software houses can help in developing these fresh graduates in more mature professionals by offering extensive internship programs