Cotton based bioactive wound dressing material with high absorbency and antibacterial activity

63-68Cotton gauze fabrics with improved absorbency through yarn twist optimization and antimicrobial property using nanosilver have been prepared. The absorbency, mass loss (%), dehydration rate, wicking rate, surface morphology, surface chemical nature and antibacterial activity of cotton gauze fabrics have been evaluated. The gauze fabric with low twisted yarn shows better absorbency and vertical wicking rate as compared to that with higher twisted yarn. The cotton gauze fabric with optimized twist multiplier (3.0 TM) is then treated with silver nitrate precursor to form in-situ nanosilver on the surface of cotton by applying elevated pressure and temperature. The surface morphology has been studied by SEM and chemical nature by FTIR. The in-situ technique produces an average nanosilver particle size of 120 ± 48 nm and shows 100% reduction for Klebsiella pneumoniae (Gram-negative bacterium) and 99.99% for Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacterium)

Cotton based bioactive wound dressing material with high absorbency and antibacterial activity

Cotton gauze fabrics with improved absorbency through yarn twist optimization and antimicrobial property using nanosilver have been prepared. The absorbency, mass loss (%), dehydration rate, wicking rate, surface morphology, surface chemical nature and antibacterial activity of cotton gauze fabrics have been evaluated. The gauze fabric with low twisted yarn shows better absorbency and vertical wicking rate as compared to that with higher twisted yarn. The cotton gauze fabric with optimized twist multiplier (3.0 TM) is then treated with silver nitrate precursor to form in-situ nanosilver on the surface of cotton by applying elevated pressure and temperature. The surface morphology has been studied by SEM and chemical nature by FTIR. The in-situ technique produces an average nanosilver particle size of 120 ± 48 nm and shows 100% reduction for Klebsiella pneumoniae (Gram-negative bacterium) and 99.99% for Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacterium

Scenario of Wilt Incidence of Chickpea in Major Chickpea Growing Regions of Northern Karnataka, India

The chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the important pulse crops grown in India. Chickpea wilt complex is one of the most devastating crop diseases in northern Karnataka. Because of abundant inoculum in the soil and suitable environment circumstances, infected plants die, resulting in full loss of yield. A random roaming study was done in important chickpea farming districts of northern Karnataka, namely Dharwad, Belagavi, Haveri, Gadag, Bagalkot, Kalaburgi, and Vijayapur, during Rabi 2021-22 and 2022-22, to establish disease incidence and its in severity in different places. The survey results demonstrated a link between three pathogens: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri, Rhizoctonia bataticola, and Sclerotia rolfsii. Dharwad district has the highest illness incidence (30.20%), followed by Kalburgi district.with 29.85 per cent

Screening Chickpea Genotypes against Fusarium Wilt Disease under Greenhouse Conditions

Chickpea wilt, incited by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, stands as a significant vascular root disease that has economic implications. This disease can result in substantial yield losses, potentially up to 90%, during the various stages of crop growth. The study designed with the objective of screening chickpea genotypes against fusarium wilt. In the present investigation, 25 chickpea genotypes, including two control, WR315 (highly resistant) and JG 62 (highly susceptible), underwent screening. The screening involved artificially inoculating the pathogen responsible for Fusarium wilt under greenhouse conditions during the rabi seasons of 2021-22 and 2022-23. Of the genotypes screened, the genotype……(highly resistant), followed by genotype ……..and …………..In contrast the genotype …..most susceptible followed by …..and ……

Diffusion dynamics during the nucleation and growth of Ge/Si nanostructures on Si(111)

We report a low energy electron microscopy study of the relation between self-organized Ge/Si(111) nanostructures and their local environment. By comparison with Monte Carlo simulations, three-dimensional islands are shown to display a substantial tendency towards self-ordering. This tendency may result from the diffusive nature of the nucleation processes. The size of individual nanostructures does not significantly correlate with the distance between neighboring islands. Thus energetic factors are thought to govern the competition among coexisting nanostructures to capture the deposited mass

Optical detection of antibody using silica-silver core-shell particles

Nearly monodispersed spherical particles of silica were synthesized and coated with thin layer of silver nanoparticles. Silver coated silica particles, forming core-shell particles exhibited a strong surface plasmon resonance peak at 453 nm. A very small amount (20 μg) of rabbit immunoglobulin in core-shell particle solution results in to a marked shift in surface plasmon resonance. Addition of 20 μg quantity of goat anti rabbit antibodies results in to a red shift of surface plasmon resonance to 494 nm. This demonstrates that silver coated silica particles are sensitive probes for rapid antibody-anti antibody kind of interaction investigations. Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy have been used to interpret the optical extinction spectroscopy results

Field emission from oriented tin oxide rods

Tin oxide (SnO2) films were grown on silicon substrates by a wet chemical route. It was found from scanning electron microscopy investigations that oriented SnO2 rods normal to the substrates were obtained. Field emission studies were carried out in diode configuration in an all metal ultra high vacuum chamber at a base pressure ~ 1.33 × 10-8 mbar. The 'onset' field required to draw 0.1 μA/cm2 current density from the emitter cathode was found to be ~ 3.4 V/μm for SnO2 rods. The field emission current and applied field follows the Folwer-Nordheim relationship in low field regime. The observed results indicate that the field emission characteristics of chemically grown SnO2 structures are comparable to the vapor grown nanostructures

Investigations of white light emitting europium doped zinc oxide nanoparticles

Europium doped zinc oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized using a chemical route. The amount of doped europium was varied which shows the changes in the photoluminescence (PL) intensity. The post synthesis annealing effect on the properties of ZnO nanoparticles has also been investigated. In general, PL is broad and a white light is emitted which originates from ZnO and the intra-4f transitions of Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> ions. The X-ray diffraction patterns do not show any Eu-related peaks for as-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles as well as for annealed samples. X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals that europium ions are present on the surface of the core of ZnO and inside the shell of zinc hydroxide [Zn(OH<SUB>2</SUB>)] after annealing

Integrating nano and microparticles

107-112A variety of nanomaterials have been developed in last few years with interesting physico-chemical properties. Most of the attempts so far have been to gain understanding of this new class of materials and look for potential applications. This has lead to the formulation of some scaling laws to explain, reasonably well, the properties of nanomaterials. It is realized, however, that the nanomaterials are often too difficult to handle due to their chemical, thermal etc instabilities as well as smallness. There is now a growing interest to integrate nanoparticles with microparticles to get advantages of both the nano and micro world of materials.The synthesis and characterization of ZnO, CdSe, TiO2 and SiO2 nano to micro particles and about core-shell particles have been studied