Life threatening hyperkalemia following cocaine ingestion: a case report

We present a case of life-threatening hyperkalemia after recreational cocaine ingestion. Acute cocaine-induced rhabdomyolysis led to hyperkalemia, cardiac arrhythmias and cardiogenic shock resulting in multi-organ failure

Viable embedded wormholes and energy conditions in f(R,G)f(\mathcal{R},\mathcal{G}) gravity

The current study explores the generalized embedded wormhole solutions in the background of $f(\mathcal{R},\mathcal{G})$ gravity, where $\mathcal{R}$ represents the Ricci scalar and $\mathcal{G}$ denotes the Gauss-Bonnet invariant. To investigate the necessary structures of the wormhole solutions we thoroughly analyzed the energy conditions under $f(\mathcal{R},\mathcal{G})$ gravity within the anisotropic source of matter. To meet this aim, we consider spherically symmetric geometry with the most generic gravity model of the gravity. A modified version of the field equations is calculated for two different embedded wormhole solutions. All the energy conditions are calculated and shown graphically with the regional ranges of the model parameter. Further, the invalid region of the energy conditions confirms the presence of exotic matter. Finally, we have concluding remarks

Automatic Verification of Communicative Commitments using Reduction

In spite of the fact that modeling and verification of the Multi-Agent Systems (MASs) have been since long under study, there are several related challenges that should still be addressed. In effect, several frameworks have been established for modeling and verifying the MASs with regard to communicative commitments. A bulky volume of research has been conducted for defining semantics of these systems. Though, formal verification of these systems is still unresolved research problem. Within this context, this paper presents the CTLcom that reforms the CTLC, i.e., the temporal logic of the commitments, so as to enable reasoning about the commitments and fulfillment.  Moreover, the paper introduces a fully-automated method for verification of the logic by means of trimming down the problem of a model that checks the CTLcom to a problem of a model that checks the GCTL*, which is a generalized version of the CTL* with action formulae. By so doing, we take advantage of the CWB-NC automata-based model checker as a tool for verification. Lastly, this paper presents a case study drawn from the business field, that is, the NetBill protocol, illustrates its implementation, and discusses the associated experimental results in order to illustrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the suggested technique.   Keywords: Multi-Agent Systems, Model Checking, Communicative commitment's, Reduction

UNLOCKING THE SECRETS OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY

Abstract This study illuminates Vitamin D's complex role in bone health and cardiovascular physiology. Vitamin D metabolites regulate nonskeletal tissue pathways via local synthesis and paracrine/autocrine mechanisms, according to evidence. 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D interacts with the Vitamin D receptor to regulate several genes involved in cardiovascular disease-related biological processes. Cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, oxidative stress response, membrane transport, extracellular matrix homeostasis, and cellular adhesion have been identified. Vitamin D receptors in cardiovascular cells are well documented. Inflammation, thrombosis, and the renin-angiotensin system are also regulated by Vitamin D metabolites. Clinical studies suggest a link between low vitamin D levels and a variety of degenerative cardiovascular disease symptoms, highlighting the vulnerability of cardiovascular health. Vitamin D supplementation as a cardiovascular disease treatment needs more research. A comprehensive review of randomized controlled trials is needed to determine vitamin D's effect on cardiovascular events. This investigation found an unexpected result. This study suggests prioritizing severe vitamin D deficiency clinical trials. This is important because vitamin D supplementation benefits this subset of the population most and has the greatest clinical potential. Medical research must identify Vitamin D deficiency as a cardiovascular disease risk factor. Even at recommended dosages, vitamin D supplements' effects on cardiovascular disease are unclear, according to medical research. This finding emphasizes the need for more research into vitamin D's complex relationship with cardiovascular health

NON-NUTRITIVE SWEETENERS AND CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMES: AN IN-DEPTH REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF LONGITUDINAL COHORT STUDIES

Abstract Context: The prevalence of obesity has led to a surge in public health initiatives aimed at curbing caloric intake and managing weight. As a result, the utilization of non-nutritive sweeteners has become more widespread globally. Preliminary findings indicate that these compounds can affect cardiovascular health adversely. Despite rising sweetener use, the cardiovascular effects are unknown. The present investigation evaluated the association between sweetener consumption and cardiovascular events. Longitudinal cohort studies were reviewed and meta-analyzed by us. PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library provided language- and publication-neutral data. Myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality were the primary outcomes. Hypertension, diabetes, and other cardiovascular risk factors were secondary outcomes. The study adhered to PRISMA guidelines. Results: This study synthesized the literature on sweetener intake and cardiovascular outcomes. The findings were categorized based on the type of sweetener used, the amount administered, the length of exposure, and the demographic features of the subjects. The quality of the studies, consistency of the evidence, and potential for confounding and bias were considered when interpreting the findings. Conclusion: This comprehensive inquiry has provided substantial insights into the plausible cardiovascular impacts of the intake of non-nutritive sweeteners. The results of an extensive meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies suggest a plausible association between the consumption of artificial sweeteners and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The results presented in this study hold significant importance in shaping the ongoing discussion on dietary guidelines, public health initiatives, and personal dietary decisions, all aimed at enhancing cardiovascular health outcomes. The findings of the research highlight the necessity for additional investigation to enhance the comprehension of the fundamental mechanisms that support these observed associations. It is imperative to investigate the potential diverse impacts of different types of sweeteners. Based on a meticulous analysis of the available evidence, a potential association between the consumption of artificial sweeteners and adverse cardiovascular outcomes has been suggested. Further investigation is required to fully comprehend the nature and extent of this correlation

Assessment of venous thromboembolism risk and adequacy of prophylaxis in selected acute care medical centres in Arabian Gulf States: results from the ENDORSE study

OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk in acutely ill surgical and medical patients in selected acute care centres in the Arabian Gulf States, and to determine the proportion of at-risk patients who received effective prophylaxis in accordance with 2004 American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight hospitals from 3 countries (Kuwait, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates) contributed to the global ENDORSE (Epidemiological International Day for the Evaluation of Patients at Risk for Venous Thromboembolism in the Acute Hospital Care Setting) study. Medical records were reviewed for all the in-patients aged \u3e / = 40 years admitted to medical wards, and in patients aged \u3e / = 18 admitted to surgical wards. The VTE risk and recommended prophylaxis were assessed according to the 2004 ACCP guidelines. RESULTS: Of 1,291 evaluable patients, 801 were considered at risk of VTE; 391 (48.8%) surgical patients and 410 (51.2%) medical patients. Of the 801 patients, 322 (40.2%) received ACCP-recommended VTE prophylaxis; 159 (40.7%) of surgical patients and 163 (39.8%) of medical patients. CONCLUSIONS: The data showed that VTE prophylaxis was underutilized in high-risk hospitalized patients. We recommend that active measures should be implemented in acute care centres in these Arabian Gulf countries to ensure identification of patients at risk of VTE and institute the appropriate prophylaxis

Identification of Finger Vein Images with Deep Neural Networks

To establish identification, individuals often utilize biometrics so that their identity cannot be exploited without their consent. Collecting biometric data is getting easier. Existing smartphones and other intelligent technologies can discreetly acquire biometric information. Authentication through finger vein imaging is a biometric identification technique based on a vein pattern visible under finger's skin. Veins are safeguarded by the epidermis and cannot be duplicated. This research focuses on the consistent characteristics of veins in fingers. We collected invariant characteristics from several cutting-edge deep learning techniques before classifying them using multiclass SVM. We used publicly available image datasets of finger veins for this purpose. Several assessment criteria and a comparison of different deep learning approaches were used to characterize the performance and efficiency of these models on the SDUMLA-HMT dataset.&nbsp

In vitro Studies on Anti-diabetic and Anti-ulcer Potentials of Jatropha gossypifolia (Euphorbiaceae)

Purpose: To evaluate α-glucosidase and α-chymotrypsin enzyme inhibitory activity of Jatropha gossypifolia as a probable remedy for the management of diabetes and ulcer.Methods: Different extracts and fractions of the root, leaf and stem bark of the plant were screened for their α-glucosidase and α-chymotrypsin inhibitory activity using standard in vitro inhibition assays. Acarbose and chymostatin were used as positive control, respectively.Results: n-Butanol and ethyl acetate fraction showed maximum enzyme inhibition for α-glucosidase with 67.93 ± 0.66 and 67.67 ± 0.71 % and half maximal concentration (IC50) of 218.47 ± 0.23 and 213.45 ± 0.12 μg/ml, respectively. Dichloromethane and ethyl acetate leaf fractions exhibited maximum α-chymotrypsin inhibition activity of 85.08 ± 0.38 and 83.87 ± 0.70 %, and IC50 of 133.1 ± 0.68 and 134.5 ± 0.12 μg/ml, respectively, Acarbose exhibited enzyme inhibition activity of 92.14 ± 0.38 % with IC50 of 38.24 ± 0.1 μg/ml, while chymostatin exhibited 93.67 ± 0.38 % enzyme inhibition and IC50 of 8.24 ± 0.11 μg/ml.Conclusion: The presence of bioactive secondary metabolities with enzyme-inhibiting activity lends some support for the traditional use of this plant in the management of diabetes and ulcer. However, further investigation of the plant including identification of its active components is required.Keywords: α-Chymotrypsin, α-Glucosidase, Inhibition, Jatropha gossypifolia, Anti-diabetic, Anti-ulce