Towards sustainable development in Africa Taking the congested ground argument further

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A Uni-Axial Test Rig Design Approach for Deformation Analysis of Flexible Parts Due to Location Type Tolerance in Assembly

Previous investigations attempting to establish the relationships between dimensional tolerance and product function have been limited to specific applications such as linkage design and industrial crank rockers. The techniques proposed cannot be extended to other complex parts and assemblies as a generalized tool. In particular little attention has been focused on the effect of tolerance on flexible parts. Present research provides a methodology in which test rigs could be designed and constructed for carrying out experimental investigations on the deformation of flexible part materials prior to manufacturing of the prototype parts. A Uni-Axial test is designed and manufactured to carry out experimental investigations on ABS plastics material used for manufacturing of automotive interior parts. The investigation provides a methodology to observe the influence of location tolerance on the deformation of a rectangular strip

Internal market and euro crisis: labour law under the gun of the European Union?

The European Union has become the battle ground for a growing conflict between labour protection in the member states and the economic rules of the internal market. This paper traces the emergence and development of that conflict through the case-law of the European Court of Justice. It structures the case-law in varying models of conflict resolution: labour is not a commodity; labour is exempted from market law; labour and market in balance; and market primacy and labour subordination. It offers a critical assessment of the foundations and internal contradictions of a case-law that is still developing and presents an alternative model for equilibrium between equal principles. The paper also addresses the increasing legal ramifications of the euro crisis. It sketches how labour market reforms that have been adopted at state level under the pressure of the crisis are increasingly the target of legal contestation from the perspective of European and international labour law principles