Mechanistic Insights into Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer in Isolated and Metal Chelated Supramolecular Chemosensors

Mechanistic studies of the excited state intramolecular proton transfer in a series of related and progressively more complex supramolecular chromophores.</p

Determination of Stark parameters by cross-calibration in a multi-element laser-induced plasma

We illustrate a Stark broadening analysis of the electron density N(e) and temperature T(e) in a laser-induced plasma (LIP), using a model free of assumptions regarding local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). The method relies on Stark parameters determined also without assuming LTE, which are often unknown and unavailable in the literature. Here, we demonstrate that the necessary values can be obtained in situ by cross-calibration between the spectral lines of different charge states, and even different elements, given determinations of N(e) and T(e) based on appropriate parameters for at least one observed transition. This approach enables essentially free choice between species on which to base the analysis, extending the range over which these properties can be measured and giving improved access to low-density plasmas out of LTE. Because of the availability of suitable tabulated values for several charge states of both Si and C, the example of a SiC LIP is taken to illustrate the consistency and accuracy of the procedure. The cross-calibrated Stark parameters are at least as reliable as values obtained by other means, offering a straightforward route to extending the literature in this area