Vascular complications of sickle cell disease

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a monogenetic disorder caused by a mutation in the [H9252]-globin gene HBB leading to polymerization of red blood cells causing damage to cell membranes, increasing its rigidity and intravascular hemolysis. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that SCD can be viewed as pan-vasculopathy associated with multiple mechanisms but driven by hemoglobin S polymerization. Here we review the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and management strategies for cerebrovascular disease, pulmonary hypertension and renal disease associated with SCD. These “vascular phenotypes” reflect the systemic nature of the complications of SCD and are a major threat to the well-being of patients with the disorder

Analisis Kualitas Air dan Keluhan Gangguan Kulit pada Masyarakat Pengguna Air Sungai Siak di Pelabuhan Sungai Duku Kelurahan Tanjung Rhu Kecamatan Limapuluh Kota Pekanbaru Tahun 2012

Analysis of water quality and skin disorder complaint from water users of Siak river in Duku River Port, Tanjung Rhu village, Limapuluh sub-district Pekanbaru City in 2012. Siak river is one of the biggest river in Pekanbaru City and be a source of water by the society in Tanjung Rhu village. The reduction of water quality in Siak river was caused by the effect of waste disposal from industries activity and domestic waste along the river. The use of polluted water may cause health problem for water users, one of the health problem is related to skin disorder. The aim of this study were to analysis of water quality and skin disorder complaint from water users of Siak river in Duku River Port, Tanjung Rhu village, Limapuluh sub-district Pekanbaru City in 2012. Type of this research was descriptive with the population for 470 persons and the number of sample was 82 persons. Sample taking techniques was done with choice in non-random sampling, namely accidental sampling. The results of the research conducted in the were Siak River by physical parameters, chemistry, and microbiology, show that there three parameters that exceed the water quality standard based on PP. 82 Year 2001 on the Management Quality of Water and Water Pollution Control, the parameters TSS, BOD and COD. The study of 82 respondents, there were 18 respondents (22%) who had complaints of skin disorders. Based on these results, it can be suggested to the government to control the disposal of waste from industries in accordance with applicable regulations, and conduct counseling to communities for do not use the Siak River water until the quality of water meets the health requirements

Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Penggunaan Bucket Latrine pada Masyarakat Kelurahan Bagan Deli Kecamatan Medan Belawan Tahun 2013

One of the health effort the society is preparing the facilities basic sanitation. Latrine healthy is an important part in preventing transmission of infection diseases originating from feces. For it, important to reck the factors associated with the use of latrines.This study aims to determine the factors associated with the utilization of latrine bucket at the Village Deli Sub Chart Medan Belawan in 2013.This type of research is a cross sectional analytic design. The population in this study were 393 families who have a latrine bucket with a sample of 100 respondents is by systematic sampling methods. Statistical test used was exact fisher test with confidence level p <0.05. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the utilization of the bucket latrine in the Village Deli Sub Terrain Chart Belawan. The research method used is analytic cross sectional design. The sample was a family who has a latrine bucket of 100 respondents, results showed that the variables that have a relationship with the utilization of the bucket latrine is knowledge (P = 0.001), attitude (P = 0.012), education (P = 0.001), the condition of latrines (P = 0.001), water supply (P = 0.020) health (P = 0.001), and the role of community leaders (P = 0.001). Statistical analysis using exact fisher test. Conclusions of this study are all factors that have a relationship with the utilization of latrine bucket at the Village Deli Sub Chart Medan Belawan, namely knowledge, attitudes, education, latrine conditions, the role of health workers and the role of community leaders. It is therefore recommended need increased knowledge, improvement bucket latrine conditions, availability of clean water, as well as an increase in the role of health workers and community leaders in order to increase the utilization of latrine bucket

Associations of Duration of Exposure and Years of Service with Trans-Trans Muconic Acid Level among Printing Industry Workers in Medan, North Sumatera

Background: Trans, trans-Muconic acid is a metabolite of benzene in humans. The determination of its concentration in urine is used as a biomarker of occupational or environmental exposure to benzene. Benzene, also known as benzol, is a colorless liquid with a sweet odor. Benzene evaporates into air very quickly and dissolves slightly in water. Benzene is used in various industries incuding printing industry to make other chemicals. Benzene in the eyes may cause general irritation and damage to cornea. People who breathe benzene for long periods may experience harmful effects in the tissues that form blood cells, especially the bone marrow. This study aimed to analyze the associations of duration of exposure and years of service with trans-trans muconic acid level among printing industry workers in Medan, North Sumatera. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study carried out at printing industry in Medan, North Sumatera. A sample of 16 printing workers were selected for this study. The dependent variable was trans-trans muconic acid level. The independent variables were age, sex, duration of exposure, and years of service. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple linear regression. Results: The associations of age and sex with trans-trans muconic acid was stastically non-significant. The associations of duration of exposure and years of service with trans-trans muconic acid were stastically significant. The longer duration of exposure and the longer years of service, the higher trans-trans muconic acid level indicating the higher benzene level. Conclusion: Trans-trans muconic acid level is associated with duration of exposure and years of service. Keywords: age, sex, duration of exposure, years of service, trans-trans muconic aci

Analisis Potensi Peningkatan Nilai Jual Objek Pajak Akibat Pengaruh dari Pembangunanplaza Asia Sumedang Menggunakan Sig (Studi Kasus : Kec. Sumedang Utara, Kab. Sumedang )

Perkembangan pembangunan di suatu daerah dari waktu ke waktu kian meningkat. Salah satunya pembangunan pusat perbelanjaan pada daerah yang sedang berkembang. Pembangunan yang ada diharapkan memberikan dampak positif terhadap pertumbuhan perekonomian pada suatu daerah. Adanya pembangunan pusat perbelanjaan terbesar di Kabupaten Sumedang yaitu Plaza Asia Sumedang akan memberikan dampak terhadap perkembangan harga tanah dan bangunan yang berada dalam lingkup kawasan sekitarnya. Dari perkembangan harga tanah tersebut akan berdampak juga pada pendapatan asli daerah tersebut misalnya dalam segi pajak bumi. Dikarenakan alasan tersebut maka diperlukan pengelolaan informasi nilai tanah yang berkelanjutan agar dapat menjadi pertimbangan dasar pengenaan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan yaitu NJOP. Informasi nilai tanah dapat dipresentasikan dalam bentuk peta Zona Nilai Tanah.Metode pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara menggunakan formulir SPT. 112 –A dari Badan Pertanahan Nasional. Data yang digunakan adalah 430 sampel dan dokumen data NJOP bumi Kecamatan Sumedang Utara tahun 2014. Metode pengolahan data yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda, menghitung pengaruh aksesibilitas dan faktor lokasi terhadap sampel harga tanah. Serta menghitung peningkatan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan khususnya pada sisi pajak Bumi (tanah) dengan cara membandingkan antara NIR tahun 2016 dengan NJOP dari DPPKAD tahun 2014.Hasil perhitungan Perubahan harga tanah yang terjadi di Kecamatan Sumedang Utara sesudah pembangunan Plaza Asia Sumedang berkisar antara 10 % sampai 87 % dari harga sebelumnya. Hasil analisis faktor aksesibilitas dan faktor lokasi secara statistik menunjukkan bahwa dari tiga variabel yaitu jarak terhadap jalan arteri dan kolektor, jarak terhadap kantor kabupaten dan jarak terhadap CBD memiliki korelasi negatif sedangkan variabel lebar jalan memiliki korelasi positif. Hasil dari perhitungan peningkatan NJOP berkisar 83% di desa Kebonjati, 226% di Kelurahan Kotakaler dan 323% di desa Situ. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Kecamatan Sumedang Utara masih memiliki potensi Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan yang tinggi khususnya pada pajak Bumi (tanah)

Analisis Kadar Gas Sulfur Dioksida (So2) di Udara Ambien pada Industri Makanan Ringan yang Menggunakan Briket Batubara dan Keluhan Saluran Pernafasan pada Masyarakat di Desa Bakaran Batu Kecamatan Batang Kuis Kabupaten Deli Serdang Tahun 2013

Coal briquette been an solid fuel made from coal, solid fuel is alternative fuel or constituting a substitute kerosene the cheapest and predicted to developed in mass in a relatively short time considering technology and equipment used relatively simple. Sulfur dioxide gas is preeminently resulting from the burning fossil fuels such as coal. Research aims to know levels gas SO2 and complaint respiratory on society around food industry light that uses coal briquette in the Bakaran Batu village burnt stone sub-district Batang Kuis district Deli Serdang. The design of research is descriptive. Population in this research of 180 the housewife in hamlet 1 and 2. Samples totaled 58 people housewife with used technique the sample in simple random sampling. The object of the research was done. Data were analyzed by descriptive in the form of tables and narratives. The result showed that respondents from > 40 years ( 37.9 % ), the level of education highest is sma ( 56,9 % ), respondents have been living in the village of burnt offering stone > 20 years ( 53,4 % ). On the basis of the results obtained a picture that the level of air pollution by SO2 on the settlement near the snacks industry light that uses coal briquette in the village of burnt offering stone sub-district Batang Kuis value at the average of 52,27 µg/m3, Means levels of sulfur dioxide measured is still qualify in quality standards according to PP RI No.41 1999 that is, ( 900 µg/m3). The conclusion of this research is gas SO2 in the air ambient on snacks industry in the Bakaran Batu village of burnt offering stone does not exceed quality standards. The result analysis of data that respondents describe that experience complaints of the respiratory tract as many as 39,7%. Nevertheless other Malignancies in a recurrent manner can cause respiratory disorders