Conectividad del enebro marítimo (JUNIPERUS OXYCEDRUS SUBSP MACROCARPA) en el suroeste de España

El enebro marítimo es una conífera nativa de las costas mediterráneas cuyos bosques representan la etapa madura de dunas y acantilados arenosos sometidos al aerosol marino. En Andalucía, sus poblaciones se distribuyen a lo largo del Golfo de Cádiz, presentando una distribución muy fragmentada. La fragmentación y el aislamiento de las poblaciones del enebro dificultan su conservación debido a la interrupción de las interacciones ecológicas entre el enebro y sus dispersores. Este trabajo analiza la fragmentación de la población de enebro y su pérdida de conectividad en la costa oeste de Huelva desde 1956, el área potencial actual para la recuperación de sus poblaciones y la conectividad ecológica para un organismo dispersor de semillas de enebro. Para ello se ha empleado el Cost Distance del módulo espacial de ArcGIS y modelos de diseño de corredores ecológicos Corridor Designer, utilizando como principales fuentes de información el mapa de usos y coberturas vegetales del suelo de Andalucía y fotografías aéreas 1956-2004. Los resultados muestran una reducción del 70% en el área ocupada y una pérdida de conectividad debido al desarrollo urbano y de infraestructuras. Finalmente se proponen medidas de restauración para la especie en el área de estudio.Maritime juniper is a conifer native from the Mediterranean basin which woodlands represent the mature successional stage on sandy dunes and cliffs under salt spray deposition. In Andalusia, juniper populations show a fragmented distribution along the Gulf of Cádiz. Fragmentation and isolation of juniper populatios make difficult its conservation due to the interruption of ecological interactions between juniper and their seed dispersers. This work analyses the fragmentation of juniper population and the lost of connectivity since 1956 in the western coast of Huelva, the current potential distribution area and the connectivity for a juniper seed disperser. Analyses were carried out using Cost Distance (ArcGIS) and Corridor Designer models, along with the land uses/land cover map for Andalusia and aerial photographs from 1956 and 2004. Results show a reduction of 70% in the distribution area and a lost of connectivity due to urban development. Finally, restoration measures are proposed

Regeneration of salt marshes in Barbate: a project

The Environmental Ministry of Spain has started off an initiative of recuperation of Andalucia's coastal humid zones and this project is bom from this polítical plan. In the last half century, human alterations have degraded Barbate' s salt marsh system, reducing the flow of water and consequently affecting the biodiversity of the ecosystem by the loss of the aquatic conditions it requires. The first reliable graphic document of these marshes was an 1.956 aerial photography, when human actions had not transformed almost any part of the ecosystem. This was supposed to be the natural state at the moment, that by hand was extremely collimated of sediments so it was decided as proper to bring back the salt marshes towards this state of evolution. In this sense, all the altematives proposed for the restoration are based on this photography, trying to reereate the original system by excavations and dredge of the lost tidal inlets and eradication of the physical barriers that interfere with the natural flow