Mathematical modelling of mutual electromagnetic influences of related power transmission lines in a transition process mode

A mathematical model is obtained using the variable state method, allowing the simulation of electromagnetic processes in transmission lines and communication lines (both homogeneous and heterogeneous) taking into account the reciprocal inductive and capacitive bonds in transition and established modes. The resulting mathematical model can solve a number of important scientific and practical problems related to the design and operation of electric power systems (EEC). The model also allows for a variety of situations and tasks related, for example, to the calculation of circuit breakage, short circuit (SC) or single-phase SC in isolated neural networks. In particular, it is possible to calculate the steered voltage of the line from high-voltage or high-precision power lines. Based on this methodology, it is also proposed to develop an algorithm for the machine formation of mathematical models for the study of transition processes in complex electrical networks, where the initial data will be their parameters and the structure of graphs of the studied networks. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Method for designing drop-of-wire recognition systems on sections of undistorted two-wire power transmission lines

In this work a general statement of the problem of designing distributive electrical systems that recognize breakage of wires on sections of power lines using a multifunctional wire with an isolated residential wire is formulated. The use of overhead wires with the proposed construction of the housing will make it possible to solve many electrical problems very easily and cheaply without the use of expensive equipment. The correspondence table of the information current values of the power supply unit I 0 and of the wire breakdowns on the sections in the two-wire transmission line is obtained by simulation. The proposed method of diagnostics and monitoring of the state of power lines is not expensive and allows the maintenance staff, being at the substation, to detect rapidly and remotely the breakage of wires on the parts of the network and the distance to it, In order to ensure that the repair crew is sent to the exact location of the damage, this will improve the reliability of the electrical supply to consumers. This is achieved by the fact that the information wire has an independent power supply and thus allows for control of the network at any time. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Power Flows and Losses Calculation in Radial Networks by Representing the Network Topology in the Hierarchical Structure Form

This paper proposes a structured hierarchical-multilevel approach to calculating the power flows and losses of electricity in radial electrical networks with different nominal voltages at given loads and voltages of the power source. The researched electrical networks are characterized by high dimensionality, dynamism of development, but also insufficient completeness and reliability of state information. The approach is based on the representation of the initial network graph in the form of a hierarchical-multilevel structure, divided into two stages with rated voltages Unom ≤ 35 kV and Unom ≥ 35 kV, and using the traditional (manual) engineering two-stage method, where the calculation is performed in a sequence from bottom to top (stage 1) and from top to bottom (stage 2), moving along the structure of the network. The application of the above approach makes it possible to obtain an algorithm for implementation on a computer, which is characterized by universality (for an arbitrary configuration and complexity of the network), high performance and low requirements for the computer memory. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Funding: This work was supported in part by the International Cooperation Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 41761144079, in part by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in part by the Pan-Third Pole Environment Study for a Green Silk Road under Grant XDA20060303, in part by the K. C. Wong Education Foundation under Grant GJTD-2020-14, in part by the Research Fund for International Scientists of National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 42150410393, in part by the CAS PIFI Fellowship under Grant 2021PC0002, in part by the Xinjiang Tianchi Hundred Talents Program under Grant Y848041, in part by the CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team under Grant JCTD-2019-20, in part by the project of the Research Center of Ecology and Environment in Central Asia under Grant Y934031, and in part by the Regional Collaborative Innovation Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions under Grant 2020E01010

Optimal Amount of Information Determination for Power System Steady State Estimation

On the basis of literature sources analysis, the paper provides the rationale for the necessity of considering the limited digital devices capabilities when designing closed digital control systems for the complex electrical power grids. The problem of design is decomposed into two subproblems: design of current state observation vector digital transmission systems and current controlled process state estimation; design of digital systems for optimal control vector calculation, transmission and control actions realization. The paper presents consideration of the former problem, i.e. design of current state observation vector digital transmission systems and current controlled process state estimation: the mathematical model of digital system of information transmission and state estimation considering speed and reliability of technical means of implementation is presented; the functional structure of simulation complex is developed; the paper provides the formulation of the problem of estimating the optimal amount of information about the control object state, resulting in a solution of computational experiments simulating complex. © 2021 The Author(s).The reported study was funded by RFBR, Russia, Sirius University of Science and Technology, JSC Russian Railways and Educational Fund “Talent and success”, project number 20-38-51007

The use of Petri computing networks for optimization of the structure of distribution networks to minimize power losses

The paper suggests a self-organizing multi-component computational algorithm as a solution to the problem of optimizing the structure of distribution electrical networks to minimize the loss of power. The suggested algorithm is consistent with the method of branches and borders and uses the apparatus of the Petri computer networks (PCN) apparatus. The PCN apparatus has a universal computational capability to process symbolic-numeric data, which along with the solution of calculating problems, provides for the structural and logical analysis of the systems and processes under study. The structure of the PCN based algorithm is similar to the studied system, which provides for better visualization and convenience of interpretation, modification, and implementation of this algorithm on one or more computers by paralleling computational processes for better system performance. Computing modules within the general text of the algorithm can be arranged in any given order and solve the problem by organizing themselves in the process of functioning. © 2020The reported research was partly funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research and the government of the Yamal region of the Russian Federation , grant No. 19-48-890001

Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Avian Paramyxovirus (APMV-13) Isolated from a Wild Bird in Kazakhstan.

A novel avian paramyxovirus was identified during annual viral surveillance of wild bird populations in Kazakhstan in 2013. The virus was isolated from a white fronted goose (Anser albifrons) in northern Kazakhstan. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the isolate, which we suggest should constitute a novel serotype

IR Spectroscopy of Mixed Ligand Ag(I) Complexes with 1,10-Phenantroline and Benzotriazole

The subject of this work is the preparation of mixed-ligand coordination compounds of phenanthroline and benzatriazole with silver (I). These compounds have great opportunities to build different ligand environments, which allows us to obtain different emission properties as a result

Who Sets the Agenda? Analyzing Key Actors and Dynamics of Economic Diversification in Kazakhstan Throughout 2011–2016

This contribution attempts to answer the key question: Who sets the agenda for economic diversification in the context of Kazakhstan? This question remains critical in current scholarly debates. Although Kazakhstan, a young post-Soviet developing nation, has received fair scholarly attention with regard to the agenda setting stage of the policy cycle, the existing literature has yet failed to (1) empirically establish who actually sets the agenda for a certain policy issue and (2) employ the Internet research methods. This paper seeks to fill these gaps. The literature review of Kazakh-specific agenda setting publications suggests that among the major actors, the government tends to exert predominant influence, though other actors may also play a role, for example, media and academia. This research is driven by Internet penetration rate data and focuses on the period from January 2011 until December 2016. The findings lead to two key conclusions. First, think tanks seem to set the government agenda for economic diversification policy in Kazakhstan. Second, the government, while exhibiting the larger agenda setting magnitude vis-à-vis the other actors, shapes the subsequent debates as measured by the number of relevant references in media, think tanks, and academic publications. This research seeks to contribute to existing agenda setting theories in the Internet era by defining the most important actor(s), specifically in the Kazakh context based on longitudinal dynamics in attention

Сравнительная оценка эффективности и безопасности 12-часового и 21-часового протоколов введения ацетилцистеина при отравлении парацетамолом

Background. Acetylcysteine (ACC) is an effective antidote for paracetamol poisoning. There are various schemes for its application. At the same time, there is currently no information about the most priority of them in this pathology. Few studies indicate the effectiveness of the 12-hour protocol for ACC administration in paracetamol poisoning. However, there were not enough justifications for the introduction of a modified 12-hour scheme into world practice.The objective was to compare the effectiveness of the 12-hour and 21-hour protocols for the administration of acetylcysteine in paracetamol poisoning.Materials and methods. 43 patients with acute paracetamol poisoning were examined. The study group (prospective) consisted of 23 patients who underwent the 12-hour ACC protocol; the comparison group (retrospective) with the 21-hour ACC protocol included 20 patients. Groups were comparable. The endpoints were: ALT blood level, the frequency of allergic reactions, the duration of treatment in the ICU, the duration of stay in the hospital.Results. The 12-hour and 21-hour protocols for intravenous administration of ACC in case of paracetamol poisoning are equally effective in preventing liver damage, as evidenced by the results of the study: in both groups, when the antidote was started early (in the first 8 hours), there was no increase in ALT levels. The use of the 12-hour protocol for intravenous administration of ACC leads to a reduction in the duration of stay in the ICU by 1.5 times (p = 0.001), the duration of hospital treatment by 1.3 times (p = 0.052) compared to the 21-hour protocol. The frequency of allergic reactions during the 21-hour protocol of ACC administration was 10%; with the 12-hour ACC scheme, no allergic reactions were noted.Conclusions. The data obtained show that both protocols for the administration of ACC, when used early, are equally effective in preventing toxic liver damage, while the administration of ACC according to the 12-hour protocol leads to fewer adverse reactions, a reduction in the duration of stay in the ICU and the duration of hospitalization.Актуальность. Ацетилцистеин (АЦЦ) является эффективным антидотом при отравлении парацетамолом. Существуют различные схемы его применения – при этом в настоящее время отсутствуют сведения о наиболее приоритетной из них при данной патологии. Немногочисленные исследования указывают на эффективность 12-часового протокола введения АЦЦ при отравлениях парацетамолом. Однако для внедрения в мировую практику модифицированной 12-часовой схемы не хватило обоснований.Цель – сравнение эффективности применения 12-часового и 21-часового протоколов введения ацетилцистеина при отравлениях парацетамолом.Материалы и методы. Обследованы 43 пациента с острым отравлением парацетамолом. Исследуемую группу (проспективную) составили 23 больных, которым проводили 12-часовой протокол АЦЦ, в группу сравнения (ретроспективную) с использованием 21-часового протокола АЦЦ вошли 20 пациентов. Группы были сопоставимы. Конечными точками являлись: уровень АЛТ в крови, частота аллергических реакций, длительность лечения в реанимации, срок нахождения в стационаре.Результаты. 12-часовой и 21-часовой протоколы внутривенного введения АЦЦ при отравлении парацетамолом одинаково эффективны в отношении профилактики поражения печени, о чем свидетельствовали результаты исследования: в обеих группах при раннем начале введения антидота (в первые 8 часов) повышения уровня АЛТ не было отмечено. Применение 12-часового протокола внутривенного введения АЦЦ приводит к сокращению срока пребывания в реанимационном отделении в 1,5 раза (р = 0,001), длительности лечения в стационаре в 1,3 раза (р = 0,034) по сравнению 21-часовым протоколом. Частота возникновения аллергических реакций при проведении 21-часового протокола введения АЦЦ составляла 10%, при 12-часовой схеме АЦЦ аллергических реакций отмечено не было.Выводы. Полученные данные показывают, что оба протокола введения АЦЦ при раннем их применении одинаково эффективны в профилактике токсического поражения печени, при этом введение АЦЦ по 12-часовому протоколу приводит к меньшему числу нежелательных реакций, сокращению срока пребывания в реанимации и длительности госпитализации