Inter- and intra-specific carbon and nitrogen assimilation by dinoflagellate and diatom species

Phytoplankton are key components in primary production and their growth is determined mainly by the availability of nitrogen-nutrients in the ocean. The paradigm that phytoplankton prefer ammonium over nitrate when both substrates are present has been tested using 15N-labelled tracers on cultured diatoms and dinoflagellates isolated from two widespread geographical areas – the Baltic Sea and the Arabian Sea. We found contrary to the paradigm that both taxa preferred nitrate over ammonium and a significant within-species variation in N assimilation. Carbon uptake rates in the same experiments were estimated using 13C-labelled tracer

Integration of PV & Simulated DC Sources for the DC House

The DC House, an ever improving project, uses only pure DC power which most renewable energy sources generate, from solar to wind power. The DC House and this project expect a donation of photovoltaic modules to supply a constant source of DC power. At the moment, the DC House desperately needs power sources because not only does the house have various loads unaccounted for, but the distribution system to determine proper power flow needs a redesign. The project chose to account for these issues by implementing a solar panel onto the DC House and a power distribution module to have the power available where it is needed. Several loads will be applied after the installation of the panel to test whether or not the desired amount of power supplies the appropriate load. This project converts solar power and various other DC Sources into DC electrical power and delivers power efficiently across several DC loads within the DC House

Role of Cyclonic Eddy in enhancing Primary and New production in the Bay of Bengal

Highlights: • First direct measurements of new production in an eddy in the Bay of Bengal. • 100% increase in nutrient concentrations is seen due to the eddy. • Eddy enhanced new and primary production in the otherwise less productive Bay of Bengal. Abstract: Eddies can be important in sustaining primary production in the tropical oceans, but their role for nutrient cycling is poorly understood in the under-sampled northern Indian Ocean. To assess the role of cyclonic eddies in enhancing primary production, measurements of primary production were carried out at four stations in the northern Bay of Bengal during the early winter 2007, around a cyclonic eddy close to 17.8 °N, 87.5 °E. Shallowing of the thermocline and halocline by 10 m was observed within the eddy compared to the surroundings; mixed layer depth was also reduced within the eddy. The highest surface productivity (2.71 μM C d− 1) and chlorophyll a (0.18 μg L− 1) were found within the eddy, while the lowest, at its outer edge. Further, the eddy supplied nutrients to the surface layers, shallowing the subsurface chlorophyll maximum as well. Integrated production in the euphotic top layers was more than twice within eddy compared to its outer edge, confirming the role of cyclonic eddies in enhancing the primary production in the otherwise less productive Bay of Bengal. Given new nitrogen input via vertical mixing, river discharge or aerosol deposition, the additional primary production due to this new nutrient input and its contribution to the total production (f-ratio, fraction of exportable organic matter) increased significantly from 0.4 to 0.7, and thus the Bay of Bengal can potentially transfer a high fraction of its total production to the deep, assisted by eddies. We suggest possible improvements in experiments for future studies, and the potential for assessing the role of eddies in biogeochemistry

Klinički mastitis uzrokovan gljivicom Geotrichum candidum.

Mastitis, which has multiple and complex aetiology, is a common syndrome among bovines and inflicts enormous losses on livestock owners. The mastitis cases are infectious in nature and are usually caused by bacteria, fungi/yeasts and some algae. An interesting case of protracted clinical mastitis in a Holstein-Fresian cow in its third lactation was encountered, with exclusive involvement of Geotrichum candidum, an extremely rare in occurrence. G. candidum, an opportunisitic, keratinophilic yeast-like fungus, was identified by its diagnostic colonial characteristics and microscopic morphology, i.e. rectangular arthrospores (arthroconidia) after staining with lactophenol cotton blue stain (LPCB) in a wet mount, and Gram’s stain after heat fixation of the smear. This fungal isolate was also subjected to in-vitro antifungal sensitivity test against cotrimazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, amphotericin-B and nystatin, but was found sensitive only to amphotericin-B.Mastitis u goveda je kompleksne etiologije i nanosi velike gospodarske štete. Najčešće je uzrokovan bakterijama, gljivicama i rijetko nekim algama. U radu je prikazana zanimljiva i veoma rijetka upala vimena krave holštajn-frizijske pasmine uzrokovana gljivicom Geotrichum candidum. Gljivica G. candidum je keratinofilna gljivica slična kvascima. Identificirana je na osnovi karakterističnih kolonija i morfoloških značajki artrospora vidljivih nakon bojenja. Određena je i osjetljivost izdvojene gljivice prema klotrimazolu, ketokonazolu, mikonazolu, amfotericinu B i nistatinu. Osjetljivost je utvrđena samo za amfotericin B

Isotopic fractionation in open systems: application to organic matter decomposition in ocean and land

Stable isotopic evolution of a reservoir from which material is continuously removed with isotopic fractionation is generally described by the Rayleigh equa tion, widely used in geochemical research to describe two-component systems. It has been extended to the case of multi-component sources as well. Here we pre sent an equation describing isotopic fractionation in open systems, wherefrom material is not only removed with isotopic fractionation, but fresh material of a dif ferent isotopic composition is added from an external source, at a given rate, and some examples where this equation is applicable

Molecular Characterization of Heat Shock Protein 70-1 Gene of Goat (Capra hircus)

Heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70) plays a vital role by bestowing cytoprotection against diverse kinds of stresses. The ubiquitous HSP 70 proteins are the most abundant and temperature sensitive among all the HSPs. The present paper has characterized HSP70-1 cDNA in goat (Capra hircus). Total RNA isolated from goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells was reverse transcribed to cDNA that was used for amplification of HSP 70-1 gene. PCR product (1926 bp) was cloned in pGEM-T easy vector and sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed 1926-bp-long open reading frame of HSP 70-1 gene encoding 641 amino acids in goat, as reported in cattle. At nucleotide level, goat HSP 70-1 was found to be 96–99% similar to that of sheep (partial), cattle, and buffalo whereas the similarity at amino acid level was 95–100%. Nonsynonymous substitutions exceeding synonymous substitutions indicate the evolution of this protein through positive selection among domestic animals. Goat and sheep appear to have diverged from a common ancestor in phylogenetic analysis. Predicted protein structures of goat HSP 70 protein obtained from deduced amino acid sequence indicated that the functional amino acids involved in chaperoning through ATPase hydrolytic cycle and in uncoating of clathrin coated vesicles are highly conserved

Optimization of an isolated photo-voltaic generating unit with battery energy storage system using electric system cascade analysis

This paper presents an improvement to the iterative method of electric system cascade analysis (ESCA) for the optimisation of an isolated PV system with battery energy storage system (BESS) for a residential load. The ESCA algorithm is implemented on MATLAB software environment with Final Excess Energy (FEE), Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP) and system cost as optimization constraints. The load, temperature and solar radiation profiles are considered for a year, based on historical data. Practical losses in solar radiation reaching the PV collector surface are considered for analysis. Change in PV efficiency due to variation in temperature and change in charge/discharge efficiency of the battery based on current state of charge (SOC) of BESS are taken into consideration which further bolsters the credibility of the ESCA methodology. The ESCA methodology is used to optimize a PV-BESS system for a residential load with average daily consumption of 26.1 kWh. The optimized result obtained from improved ESCA are compared and verified with benchmark HOMER software.http://www.elsevier.com/locate/epsr2019-11-01hj2018Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineerin