Magnetic properties and complex magnetic phase diagram in non centrosymmetric EuRhGe3_3 and EuIrGe3_3 single crystals

We report the magnetic properties of two Eu based compounds, single crystalline EuIrGe$_3$ and EuRhGe$_3$, inferred from magnetisation, electrical transport, heat capacity and $^{151}$Eu M\"{o}ssbauer spectroscopy. These previously known compounds crystallise in the non-centrosymmetric, tetragonal, $I4mm$, BaNiSn$_3$-type structure. Single crystals of EuIrGe$_3$ and EuRhGe$_3$ were grown using high temperature solution growth method using In as flux. EuIrGe$_3$ exhibits two magnetic orderings at $T_{\rm N1}$ = 12.4 K, and $T_{\rm N2}$ = 7.3 K. On the other hand EuRhGe$_3$ presents a single magnetic transition with a $T_{\rm N}$ = 12 K. $^{151}$Eu M\"{o}ssbauer spectra present evidence for a cascade of transitions from paramagnetic to incommensurate amplitude modulated followed by an equal moment antiferromagnetic phase at lower temperatures in EuIrGe$_3$, the transitions having a substantial first order character. On the other hand the $^{151}$Eu M\"{o}ssbauer spectra at 4.2 and 9 K in EuRhGe$_3$ present evidence of a single magnetic transition. In both compounds a superzone gap is observed for the current density $J\parallel$ [001], which enhances with transverse magnetic field. The magnetisation measured up to 14 T shows the occurrence of field induced transitions, which are well documented in the magnetotransport data as well. The magnetic phase diagram constructed from these data is complex, revealing the presence of many phases in the $H-T$ phase space

ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTIDYSLIPIDEMIC POTENTIAL OF IPOMOEA BATATAS LEAVES IN VALIDATED DIABETIC ANIMAL MODELS

Objective: The present study was undertaken to investigate the antidiabetic potential of the leaves of Ipomoea batatas.Methods: The crude powder, 95% ethanolic, 50% ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Ipomoea batatas leaves were administered to normoglycemic and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats in a single dose study. The chloroform, butanol and aqueous fractions of aqueous extract were investigated for their antihyperglycemic on STZ-induced diabetic rats. Multiple dose study of an aqueous fraction was also done in STZ and neonatal STZ-induced diabetic rats. Further, the aqueous fraction was measured against the alpha glucosidase and aldose reductase enzymes, and glucose uptake in L6 myotubes.Results: The aqueous extract showed significant lowering of postprandial hyperglycemia of post sucrose loaded normal rats and significantly declined the blood glucose level of STZ-induced diabetic rats. The aqueous fraction at a single dose of 100 mg/kg b. w in comparison with chloroform and butanol fractions significantly lowered the blood glucose level of STZ-induced diabetic rats. The aqueous fraction in a multiple dose study were found to significantly improved the percent glycated hemoglobin (%HbA1c), fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance (OGTT), serum insulin, lipid profile, liver and kidney parameters in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Marked improvement in OGTT and serum insulin levels was also found in neonatal STZ-induced diabetic rats. In vitro study, the aqueous fraction of I. batatas increased glucose uptake in L6 myotubes and inhibits the α-glucosidase and aldose reductase enzymes.Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the significant antidiabetic activity of the I. batatas leaves by promoting insulin secretion, alpha glucosidase and aldose reductase enzyme inhibition.Â

Facile fabrication of lateral nanowire wrap-gate devices with improved performance

We present a simple fabrication technique for lateral nanowire wrap-gate devices with high capacitive coupling and field-effect mobility. Our process uses e-beam lithography with a single resist-spinning step, and does not require chemical etching. We measure, in the temperature range 1.5-250 K, a subthreshold slope of 5-54 mV/decade and mobility of 2800-2500 $cm^2/Vs$ -- significantly larger than previously reported lateral wrap-gate devices. At depletion, the barrier height due to the gated region is proportional to applied wrap-gate voltage.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figure

Magnetic anisotropy, unusual hysteresis and putative "up-up-down" magnetic structure in EuTAl4Si2 (T = Rh and Ir)

International audienceWe present detailed investigations on single crystals of quaternary EuRhAl4Si2 and EuIrAl4Si2. The two compounds order antiferromagnetically at TN1 = 11.7 and 14.7 K, respectively, each undergoing two magnetic transitions. The magnetic properties in the ordered state present a large anisotropy despite Eu2+being an S-state ion for which the single-ion anisotropy is expected to be weak. Two features in the magnetization measured along the c-axis are prominent. At 1.8 K, a ferromagnetic-like jump occurs at very low field to a value one third of the saturation magnetization (1/3 M0) followed by a wide plateau up to 2 T for Rh and 4 T for Ir-compound. At this field value, a sharp hysteretic spin-flop transition occurs to a fully saturated state (M0). Surprisingly, the magnetization does not return to origin when the field is reduced to zero in the return cycle, as expected in an antiferromagnet. Instead, a remnant magnetization 1/3 M0 is observed and the magnetic loop around the origin shows hysteresis. This suggests that the zero field magnetic structure has a ferromagnetic component, and we present a model with up to third neighbor exchange and dipolar interaction which reproduces the magnetization curves and hints to an “up-up-down” magnetic structure in zero field

Efficacy of vijaysar, aloevera alone and their combination in the treatment of newly diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized single blind prospective study

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a disease was known since ancient time and all system of medicine over world were tried to cure this disease. Unfortunately the numbers of diabetes patients are increasing day by day due to many risk factors such as sedentary life, obesity etc.Methods: A total of 120 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus attending OPD of UPUMS, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India, were included in the study. Patients were divided into 4 groups. Group-1, 2, 3 and 4 received Aloevera, Vijaysar, Aloevera + Vijaysar and Glimepiride respectively for thirteen weeks. Sample for fasting blood sugar and postprandial blood sugar were measured at baseline, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 8th and at 13th week. HbA1c and Lipid profile were measured at baseline and at thirteen week.Results: Significant decrease in FPG, 2hPG, and HbA1c level were achieved in all groups but effects was maximum in Glimepiride group. Vijaysar had shown better glucose control than Aloevera as well as Aloevera + Vijaysar group. Synergism was shown by both herbal drugs for FPG control but not for 2hPG. The Effect of Vijaysar alone on 2hPG was similar to Glimepiride.Conclusions: Vijaysar could be a promising herbal drug for the treatment of mild uncomplicated cases of type-2 diabetes mellitus; however both drugs have shown synergism for FPG control. Both herbal drugs were safe during our study, only one patient of Vijaysar group had complaint of diarrhoea, which was subsided one week later