The classical R-matrix of AdS/CFT and its Lie dialgebra structure

The classical integrable structure of Z_4-graded supercoset sigma-models, arising in the AdS/CFT correspondence, is formulated within the R-matrix approach. The central object in this construction is the standard R-matrix of the Z_4-twisted loop algebra. However, in order to correctly describe the Lax matrix within this formalism, the standard inner product on this twisted loop algebra requires a further twist induced by the Zhukovsky map, which also plays a key role in the AdS/CFT correspondence. The non-ultralocality of the sigma-model can be understood as stemming from this latter twist since it leads to a non skew-symmetric R-matrix.Comment: 22 pages, 2 figure

Quantum Cosmology Aspects Of D3 Branes and Tachyon Dynamics

We investigate aspects of quantum cosmology in relation to string cosmology systems that are described in terms of the Dirac-Born-Infeld action. Using the Silverstein-Tong model, we analyze the Wheeler-DeWitt equation for the rolling scalar and gravity as well for $R\times{S^3}$ universe, by obtaining the wave functions for all dynamical degrees of freedom of the system. We show, that in some cases one can construct a time dependent version of the Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) equation for the moduli field $\phi$. We also explore in detail the minisuperspace description of the rolling tachyon when non-minimal gravity tachyon couplings are inserted into the tachyon action.Comment: 29 pages, 3 figures, REVTeX 4; v2 clarifications, comments and references added; v3 more typos corrected, additional comments on the minisuperspace description of unstable universes, version published in JHE

PERIODONTAL DISEASES AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH UNWANTED PREGNANCY OUTCOMES

Periodontal diseases are among the most common in the world and are a risk factor for a large number of systemic pathological processes. These systemic conditions currently include unwanted pregnancy outcomes. This review is devoted to the analysis of the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of a relationship between periodontal diseases and unwanted pregnancy outcomes. Publications in recent years on a given topic were analyzed. Most researchers currently consider that the key factor that links periodontal diseases with systemic disease is the ability of a number of periodontal pathogenic bacteria to persist in the body, which reach distant organs and tissues, inducing a pronounced inflammatory response not only at the local, but also at the systemic level. In pregnant women, the incidence of periodontal diseases amounts to as much as 40% and is accompanied by a significant increase in that of preterm birth, premature rupture of membranes, low fetal weight, preeclampsia, and other adverse events. The basis for these impairments in the course of the gestational process is the development of inflammatory reactions that accompany periodontitis and become systemic with time. Inflammation in turn provokes birth activity. In addition, the appearance of periodontal pathogenic bacteria in the placenta and amniotic fluid was recorded in periodontitis diseases, which affects fetal development. Among the periodontal pathogens in these cases, Porphyromonas gingivalis prevails with its unique set of virulence factors, the ability to affect macrophages intracellularly and to induce the autoimmune processes accompanied by the production of specific cardiolipin antibodies. Conclusion: The investigation has found a relationship between periodontal diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes due to the unity of a number of etiopathogenetic mechanisms. The presence of these phenomena creates a prospect for prevention of unwanted pregnancy outcomes through measures aimed at treating periodontal diseases. © A group of authors, 2022

Differences between passport and biological (actual) age in the population of Russian patients suffering from arterial hypertension (analysis of the «Hyperion» register)

The age of the patient is the most important factor determining the high risk of cardiovascular diseases. The subject of modern research was the study of the clinical role of the patient's biological age and its difference from passport age. The aim of the study was to analyze the severity of the difference in these values in real clinical practice in patients suffering from arterial hypertension (AH) on the basis of an open multicenter register to monitor the effectiveness of therapy in patients with hypertension "HYPERION", conducted by the Eurasian Association of Therapists with the support of the company "Gedeon Richter" (Hungary). Materials and methods. The study was carried out within the open multi-center register "HYPERION". The final analysis of the register included 1441 patients, including 638 men (44%), 803 women (56%) aged 24 to 90 years. All patients were observed in primary health care (55 centers in 47 cities of Russia) for hypertension, received at least two hypotensive drugs. According to the data on 1424 patients using the qrisk-2 scale of 2017 modification, the biological age was calculated. Results and discussion. The absolute majority of patients (83,7%) had biological age >70 years, while the passport age of the absolute majority (65,3%) is in the range ≥50, but ≤69 years. Median difference between biological and passport age was 15 years. On average, in men suffering from hypertension, the biological age exceeded the passport age by 17.6 years, and in women – by 13.4 years. The difference between the value of biological and passport age and the level of systolic pressure in all age groups had a direct correlation. At systolic blood pressure >181 mm Hg. the difference between biological and passport age was the maximum, reaching the highest values in the youngest age group (30–39 years). Conclusion. Analysis of the actual (biological) age should be a mandatory procedure that allows a more complete assessment of the initial therapeutic status of the patient, which is especially important in patients aged 30–50 years. This is necessary not only from the standpoint of changing the current procedure, but also to understand the patient's prognosis

Smearing of electron density of states in quasi-one-dimensional superconducting channels due to quantum phase fluctuations

Quasi-one-dimensional superconducting channels host sound-like plasma modes propagating along the sample which are associated with fluctuations of the phase of the superconducting order parameter. Interaction between these electromagnetic excitations and charge carriers affects the electron density of states (DOS). I-V characteristics of tunnel S1-I-S2 junctions, where superconducting S2 electrode is a thin nanowire in the regime of quantum fluctuations have been studied. The observed broadening of the I-V dependencies at the gap edge is interpreted as the renormalization of DOS. The results are in reasonable agreement with the model, taking into consideration plasma modes in quasi-one-dimensional superconductors

“Shielding” of Cytokine Induction by the Periodontal Microbiome in Patients with Periodontitis Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Periodontal diseases, especially those with polymicrobial etiology, are often associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, proceeding more severely and affecting the course of diabetes mellitus. Recently, this feature has been associated with the ability of periodontopathogen microflora to cause not only a local infectious process in the oral cavity, but also to interact with the human immune system and induce various systemic effects. We investigated changes in the salivary cytokine profile of patients with chronic periodontitis, associated and not associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We observed a statistically significant decrease of MCP-1/CCL2, GM-CSF, IL-5, IL-6, and IFN-γ in the saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in comparison with patients with chronic periodontitis only. All of these cytokines are associated with macrophage activation. These data are an important contribution to the elucidation of the mechanism of periodontopathogens involvement in the manifestation of the systemic effects of type 2 diabetes

"Shielding" of Cytokine Induction by the Periodontal Microbiome in Patients with Periodontitis Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Periodontal diseases, especially those with polymicrobial etiology, are often associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, proceeding more severely and affecting the course of diabetes mellitus. Recently, this feature has been associated with the ability of periodontopathogen microflora to cause not only a local infectious process in the oral cavity, but also to interact with the human immune system and induce various systemic effects. We investigated changes in the salivary cytokine profile of patients with chronic periodontitis, associated and not associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We observed a statistically significant decrease of MCP-1/CCL2, GMCSF, IL-5, IL-6, and IFN-gamma in the saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in comparison with patients with chronic periodontitis only. All of these cytokines are associated with macrophage activation. These data are an important contribution to the elucidation of the mechanism of periodontopathogens involvement in the manifestation of the systemic effects of type 2 diabetes