A New Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Itraconazole Based on the Oxidation Reaction

The solubility of Itraconazole (Itcz) in various solvents such as distilled water, hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid in presence of cationic and anionic surfactant i.e. cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) was examined. It has been found that SLS greatly enhanced the solubility of Itraconazole by 13 fold. A simple spectrophotometric method has been proposed for the determination of Itraconazole in pure and pharmaceutical formulation by ammonium metavanadate in presence of SLS. The method is based on the formation of wine red colored species on treating Itcz with ammonium metavanadate at CMC of SLS i.e. 0.0008M. The wine red species (due to reduced V(v)) exhibiting maximum absorbance at 385 nm. Keywords: Itraconazole, sodium lauryl sulphate, solubilit

Delay Analysis of a Discrete-Time Non-Preemptive Priority Queue with Priority Jumps

In this paper, we consider a discrete-time non-preemptive priority queueing model with priority jumps. Two classes, real-time (high priority) and non-real time (low priority), of traffic will be considered with providing jumps from lower priority traffic to the queue of high priority traffic. We derive expressions for the joint probability generating function of the system contents of the high and the low priority traffic in the steady state and also for some performance measures such as the mean value of the system contents and the packet delay. The behavior of the priority queues with priority jumps will be illustrated by using these results and is compared to the FIFO scheme

Cefuroxime axetil induced glossitis: a case report

Cefuroxime axetil is a semi synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic, which is prescribed for different types of infections such as lung, ear, throat, urinary tract, and skin. This is the drug of choice in the treatment and prevention of streptococcal infections. In this case, the patient was prescribed cefuroxime axetil, diclofenac, and paracetamol for pharyngitis. The patient developed glossitis 3 hrs after ingestion of above drugs which improved after withdrawing the offending drug. Glossitis is an uncommon, but serious adverse drug effect of cefuroxime axetil. It is important to recognize and manage it to prevent fatality. The case has been reported to the Pharmacovigilance Center Uttar Pradesh Rural Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Saifai, Etawah

Disentangled Representation Learning and Generation with Manifold Optimization

Disentanglement is a useful property in representation learning which increases the interpretability of generative models such as Variational autoencoders (VAE), Generative Adversarial Models, and their many variants. Typically in such models, an increase in disentanglement performance is traded-off with generation quality. In the context of latent space models, this work presents a representation learning framework that explicitly promotes disentanglement by encouraging orthogonal directions of variations. The proposed objective is the sum of an autoencoder error term along with a Principal Component Analysis reconstruction error in the feature space. This has an interpretation of a Restricted Kernel Machine with the eigenvector matrix-valued on the Stiefel manifold. Our analysis shows that such a construction promotes disentanglement by matching the principal directions in the latent space with the directions of orthogonal variation in data space. In an alternating minimization scheme, we use Cayley ADAM algorithm - a stochastic optimization method on the Stiefel manifold along with the ADAM optimizer. Our theoretical discussion and various experiments show that the proposed model improves over many VAE variants in terms of both generation quality and disentangled representation learning

A case control study to determine the role of vitamin D in the risk of coronary artery disease among type 2 diabetic individuals

Background: Diabetes Mellitus comprises a group of metabolic disorder leading to hyperglycaemia. Vitamin D deficiency plays a role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus pathogenesis. Vitamin D appears to affect several metabolisms that have been associated with coronary artery disease. Vitamin D level has been recently considered as an adjustable risk factor of cardiovascular diseases, in individuals with type 2 Diabetes.Methods: This case control study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, UPUMS. 100 diabetic individuals with low Vitamin D level were taken as cases and 100 diabetic individuals with normal vitamin D level as control. History and examination with necessary investigations were done. Patients with positive history were subjected to investigations to diagnose CAD.Results: The proportion of case and controls had no significant difference in age distribution. The risk of coronary artery disease was 2.76 times higher among diabetes mellitus patients with vitamin D deficiency (1.36-5.59). The risk of CAD was adjusted for various risk factors (age, sex, hypertension, smoking, physical activity, and lipid profile) Odds ratio was found to be 2.8 (95% CI-1.19-6.94, p-0.018).Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency among diabetes patients was found to be an independent risk factor for CAD after adjusting other risk factors emphasizing that vitamin D can be a potential risk factor for development of coronary artery disease

Assessment of Carbon Storage and Biomass on Minelands Reclaimed to Grassland Environments Using Landsat Spectral Indices

This study investigated carbon (C) storage and biomass in grasslands of West Virginia reclaimed surface minesites. Mine-related disturbance and subsequent reclamation may be an important component of C cycling. Biomass and C storage generally increased for the first five years after reclamation, but then declined, suggesting a nonlinear pattern to vegetation recovery. Three 2007 Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus images were used to assess the potential to predict biomass from raw red and near infrared radiance, the tasseled cap transformation (TC), and four vegetation indices [normalized difference vegetation index, enhanced vegetation index (EVI), triangular vegetation index, and the soil adjusted vegetation index]. TC greenness and EVI were most strongly correlated with biomass and illustrate a modest potential for monitoring vegetation recovery in reclaimed minelands. Additionally, a number of regression models that included age since reclamation and spectral indices were statistically significant suggesting a temporal recovery pattern amongst minesites in this study

Duality in Multi-View Restricted Kernel Machines

We propose a unifying setting that combines existing restricted kernel machine methods into a single primal-dual multi-view framework for kernel principal component analysis in both supervised and unsupervised settings. We derive the primal and dual representations of the framework and relate different training and inference algorithms from a theoretical perspective. We show how to achieve full equivalence in primal and dual formulations by rescaling primal variables. Finally, we experimentally validate the equivalence and provide insight into the relationships between different methods on a number of time series data sets by recursively forecasting unseen test data and visualizing the learned features