Granular flows on a dissipative base

International audienceWe study inclined channel flows of sand over a sensor-enabled composite geotextile fabric base that dissipates granular fluctuation energy. We record strain of the fabric along the flow direction with imbedded fiber-optic Bragg gratings, flow velocity on the surface by correlating grain position in successive images, flow thickness with the streamwise shift of an oblique laser light sheet, velocity depth profile through a transparent side wall using a high-speed camera, and overall discharge rate. These independent measurements at inclinations between 33 • and 37 • above the angle of repose at 32.1 ± 0.8 • are consistent with a mass flow rate scaling as the 3/2 power of the flow depth, which is markedly different than flows on a rigid bumpy boundary. However, this power changes to 5/2 when flows are forced on the sand bed below its angle of repose. Strain measurements imply that the mean solid volume fraction in the flowing layer above the angle of repose is 0.268 ± 0.033, independent of discharge rate or inclination

Classification de signaux acoustiques : Classification de matrices cepstre par Support Vector Machine

LSIS - ADEME - BIOTOPEno abstrac

Classification de signaux acoustiques : Recherche des valeurs optimales des 17 paramètres d'entrée de la fonction melfcc

LSIS - ADEME - BIOTOPEno abstrac

Shallow granular flows on a geotextile embedded with fiber Bragg gratings from microstrain measurements

International audienc

First automatic passive acoustic tool for monitoring two species of procellarides (Pterodroma baraui and Puffinus bailloni) on Reunion Island, Indian Ocean

International audienceHere are proposed two automatic detectors of Barau's petrel (Pterodroma baraui) and tropical shearwater (Puffinus bailloni) vocalisations in noisy audio recordings (1) trained with a low number of positive training instances, and (2) whose performances would be the highest possible. To do so, acoustic recordings were performed in one Barau's petrel colony between February and May 2014 (85 h) and in two tropical shearwater colonies in March and April (21 h). Manual and automatic methods of segmentation were combined. Manual segmentation allowed (1) to miss a very few number of positive segments and (2) to avoid introducing false positive instances. Automatic segmentation provided quickly a diversified set of negative instances. Manual labelling must be regarded as an investment, for current and future works. A random forest classifier and classical methods of acoustic signal characterisation (cepstral coefficients, spectral moments, etc.) were tested. Best models were able to discriminate each target species calls from other sounds of its colony with F1 scores of 88% (Barau's petrel, 1015 samples) and 85% (tropical shearwater, 1217 samples). The acoustic monitoring of nocturnal burrow-nesting seabirds based on (1) data collected by autonomous recording units in harsh, windy and wet environments and (2) automatic analysis tools is feasible. The size of our database was limited. Consequently further works will be necessary to study robustness of models on long time-series data

Un mélange de densités semi-markoviennes pour la classification de données biographiques

National audienceNous présentons ici une méthode pour faire de la classification de données biographiques, utilisant un mélange de densités. Dans un premier temps, nous proposons d’utiliser un mélange de densités semi-markoviennes pour étudier l’effet de la durée de séjour dans les états.Dans un deuxième temps, nous présentons un moyen de “guider” la classification effectuée avec le mélange de densités semi-markoviennes : nous proposons d’introduire une matrice de similarité entre états. Nous montrons enfin l’application de cette méthode à l’étude de la mobilité résidentielle à partir des données d’une enquête rétrospectiv

Geotextile enabled smart monitoring solutions for safe and effective management of tailings and waste sites : two case studies : Volgermeerpolder (The Netherlands) and Suncor (Canada)

Numerous accidents at tailing disposal sites have occurred due to dam failure and geotechnical instability. The uncontrolled spreading of pollution into the surrounding environment, illustrates over and over again the need for safe and effective management of these kinds of sites. Safe and effective management measures can only be implemented on the basis of a thorough understanding of the physical, chemical and biological processes taking place at the tailing facilities. After implementation of the necessary measures, ongoing monitoring can verify the proper functioning of the rehabilitated tailing disposal sites. Assessment and evaluation of historic tailing facilities has shown a need for improved monitoring concepts and techniques. In this paper the authors present a new monitoring technique which meets the needs for safe and effective monitoring and can be applied within a smart monitoring concept.[All papers were considered for technical and language appropriateness by the organizing committee.]Non UBCUnreviewedOthe

Lectures de Michel Foucault. Volume 2

Cet ouvrage vise à confronter des lectures philosophiques de l’œuvre de Michel Foucault tout en éclairant certaines des pratiques réelles et discursives que cette œuvre a interrogées - la folie, la médecine, les sciences humaines, la prison, la sexualité. La démarche qui sous-tend ce travail accepte d’emblée l’hypothèse d’une positivité des confrontations, voire des contradictions, mais elle le fait en ayant en tête une interrogation commune, qui transcende les diversités : il s’agit, en dialoguant avec le Foucault qui lui-même dialogue avec le Kant de Qu’est-ce que les Lumières ?, d’éclairer le nœud entre l’écriture du philosophe, son rapport à l’action politique, sa perception du temps présent, ses convictions quant à la fonction sociale qui lui est dévolue.This volume aims to address Foucault’s philosophical lectures by explaining some of the real and discursive practices addressed in the tome: madness, medicine, human sciences, prison and sexuality. The approach which underlies this work readily accepts the hypothesis of a positivity of confrontations, or even contradictions, but it does so by being aware of a common vision which transcends diversity. By entering into dialogue with the Foucault who himself engages in dialogue with the Kant of What is enlightenment? it explains the connection between the philosopher’s writing, its relationship to political action, its perception of the present day and its convictions with regard to the social function which is assigned to it