Analysis of P-Systems under a Multiagent Systems Perspective

Membrane computing is a recent area that belongs to natural computing. This field works on computational models based on nature's behavior to process the information. Recently, numerous models have been developed and implemented with this purpose. P-systems are the structures which have been defined, developed and implemented to simulate the behavior and the evolution of membrane systems which we find in nature. What we show in this paper is an application capable to simulate the P-systems based on a multiagent systems (MAS) technology. The main goal we want to achieve is to take advantage of the inner qualities of the multiagent systems. This way we can analyse the proper functioning of any given p-system. When we observe a P-system from a different perspective, we can be assured that it is a particular case of the multiagent systems. This opens a new possibility, in the future, to always evaluate the P-systems in terms of the multiagent systems technology

New techniques for implementing membrane systems

Biomolecular computing is the focus of this thesis. In particular, the area of computing with the membranes of the living cells commonly referred as ‘membrane computing’ or ‘transition P-systems’. It introduces the concept of ‘adaptability’. The new idea of “adaptability “appears in this work. Adaptability means the ability for the membrane computing model to interact with other technologies in order to obtain optimal results when dealing with complex problems. In fact, new scenarios containing P-systems are shown. These scenarios have the transition P-systems working together with other technologies. Furthermore, methodologies and new software are introduced to implement the evolution rules application phase within membrane computing. These methodologies and software improve P-system’s functionality by processing the information in a faster way. This is especially useful to obtain optimal results when dealing with complex problems such as NP-complete problems. In particular this thesis reveals: Transition P-systems as an adaptable technology as they can interact with Multi-agent Systems and with robots to acquire an optimal performance. A random function to implement the evolution rules application phase is defined to make the model less deterministic. Moreover, introduced here are new techniques for evolution rules application that improve the current performance of the P-systems when solving problems that have a high computational complexity. The techniques described in this thesis use solutions of linear system Diophantine equations, data structures (virtual or physical) and probabilistic and statistical patterns. Este tesis se encuadra en computacion biomolecular y de una manera mas especifica en el area de las propiedades de las celulas vivas. Este area es conocida como computacion de membranas. Esta tesis introduce el concepto de adaptabilidad en la computacion de membranas. Se entiende por adaptabilidad como la habilidad de los P-sistemas de transicion para interactuar con otras tecnologias obteniendo resultados optimos en resolucion de problemas complejos. Se muestran, por tanto, escenarios compuestos y modelos nuevos que tienen a los P-sistemas como actores. Ademas, metodologias y software nuevos se proponen para manejar e implementar la fase de aplicacion de reglas de evolucion que ocurre cuando los P-sistemas evolucionan. Las metodologias y software que aqui se presentan mejoran la funcionalidad de los P-sistemas, procesando la informacion de manera mucho mas rapida. Esto es especialmente util para obtener resultados optimos cuando se resuelven problemas complejos como los problemas NP-completos. De manera mas especifica, esta tesis desarrolla: P-sistemas como una tecnologia adaptable donde de muestra un enlace entre los P- sistemas y los sistemas Multi-agente asi como un escenario donde varios robots autonomos y p-sistemas trabajan juntos para resolver problemas complejos. Se propone una funcion aleatoria para implementar el modelo de la fase de aplicacion de reglas de evolucion para que sea mas no determinista. Se crean nuevas tecnicas de aplicacion de reglas de evolucion que mejoran sensiblemente el rendimiento actual de los p-sistemas cunado resuelven problemas de gran complejidad. Una de ellas utiliza estructuras auxiliares en memoria principal. Otra usa la resolucion de ecuaciones lineales diofanticas y otra, sigue patrones probabilisticos y estadisticos

MEIA SYSTEMS: Membrane Encrypted Information Applications Systems

Membrane computing is a recent area that belongs to natural computing. This field works on computational models based on nature's behavior to process the information. Recently, numerous models have been developed and implemented with this purpose. P-systems are the structures which have been defined,developed and implemented to simulate the behavior and the evolution of membrane systems which we find in nature. What we show in this paper is a new model that deals with encrypted information which provides security the membrane systems communication. Moreover we find non deterministic and random applications in nature that are suitable to MEIA systems. The inherent parallelism and non determinism make this applications perfect object to implement MEIA systems

Virtual Membrane Systems

Within the membrane computing research field, there are many papers about software simulations and a few about hardware implementations. In both cases, algorithms for implementing membrane systems in software and hardware that try to take advantages of massive parallelism are implemented. P-systems are parallel and non deterministic systems which simulate membranes behavior when processing information. This paper presents software techniques based on the proper utilization of virtual memory of a computer. There is a study of how much virtual memory is necessary to host a membrane model. This method improves performance in terms of time

Solving complex problems with a bioinspired model

Membrane systems are parallel and bioinspired systems which simulate membranes behavior when processing information. As a part of unconventional computing, P-systems are proven to be effective in solvingcomplexproblems. A software technique is presented here that obtain good results when dealing with such problems. The rules application phase is studied and updated accordingly to obtain the desired results. Certain rules are candidate to be eliminated which can make the model improving in terms of time

Polynomial regression using a perceptron with axo-axonic connections

Social behavior is mainly based on swarm colonies, in which each individual shares its knowledge about the environment with other individuals to get optimal solutions. Such co-operative model differs from competitive models in the way that individuals die and are born by combining information of alive ones. This paper presents the particle swarm optimization with differential evolution algorithm in order to train a neural network instead the classic back propagation algorithm. The performance of a neural network for particular problems is critically dependant on the choice of the processing elements, the net architecture and the learning algorithm. This work is focused in the development of methods for the evolutionary design of artificial neural networks. This paper focuses in optimizing the topology and structure of connectivity for these network

Differential Evoluiton - Particle Swarm Optimization

This paper shows the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm with a Differential Evolution. Each candidate solution is sampled uniformly in [!5,5] D, whereDdenotes the search space dimension, and the evolution is performed with a classical PSO algorithm and a classical DE/x/1 algorithm according to a random threshold

El cuadrorama como estrategia metodológica para la comprensión lectora de textos líricos en noveno grado “A”, Instituto Reino de Suecia, Estelí, II Semestre de 2020

El abordaje del tema “El cuadrorama como estrategia metodológica para la comprensión lectora de textos líricos en noveno grado “A”, Instituto Reino de Suecia, Estelí, II Semestre de 2020” tiene como objetivo, Validar el Cuadrorama como estrategia metodológica para la comprensión de textos liricos con estudiantes de noveno grado del Instituto Reino de Suecia Estelí, II Semestre de 2020. El enfoque de la investigativo es cualitativo-descriptivo, aplicaron las técnicas para la recolección de la información, tales: observación, la entrevista con los instrumentos de guía de observación y guía de entrevista. La muestra fue la sección de noveno grado “A” con 39 estudiantes, la docente de Lengua y Literatura de Noveno Grado “A”, con el fin de proponer estrategias metodológicas innovadoras; que promuevan el aprendizaje de los estudiantes, específicamente en la temática Textos líricos La docente tiene amplia experiencia en cuanto a la docencia y dominio de los conocimiento relacionado con estrategias metodológicas, sin embargo, siempre se aplican las mismas para el análisis de textos líricos, en consecuencia, los estudiantes se aburren, dedican poco tiempo a la lectura y no aplican los niveles de comprensión lectora. Se concluyó que la docente implementó estrategias comunes la clase fue rutinaria, no obstante, el trabajo en equipo y el comentario de texto de forma oral le brindaron beneficios con respecto al análisis de los diferentes poemas. La puesta en marcha de la estrategia del cuadrorama resultó de gran impacto al lograrse integrar a todos los estudiantes en los equipos de trabajo para analizar e interpretar los diferentes apartados de los poemas asignados

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake