Left Atrial Myxoma With Pleural Effusion

Cardiac myxomas are histologically benign tumors but they may be lethal because of their strategic position. They have variable presentations and excellent prognosis after surgical excision. Left atrial myxomas may mimic mitral stenosis and is very rarely associated with pleural effusion. We presented a case of left atrial myxoma blocking mitral orifice and causing recurrent pulmonary edema and pleural effusions in this report

Physiological, Biochemical, and Transcriptional Responses to Single and Combined Abiotic Stress in Stress-Tolerant and Stress-Sensitive Potato Genotypes

Potato production is often constrained by abiotic stresses such as drought and high temperatures which are often present in combination. In the present work, we aimed to identify key mechanisms and processes underlying single and combined abiotic stress tolerance by comparative analysis of tolerant and susceptible cultivars. Physiological data indicated that the cultivars Desiree and Unica were stress tolerant while Agria and Russett Burbank were stress susceptible. Abiotic stress caused a greater reduction of photosynthetic carbon assimilation in the susceptible cultivars which was associated with a lower leaf transpiration rate. Oxidative stress, as estimated by the accumulation of malondialdehyde was not induced by stress treatments in any of the genotypes with the exception of drought stress in Russett Burbank. Stress treatment resulted in increases in ascorbate peroxidase activity in all cultivars except Agria which increased catalase activity in response to stress. Transcript profiling highlighted a decrease in the abundance of transcripts encoding proteins associated with PSII light harvesting complex in stress tolerant cultivars. Furthermore, stress tolerant cultivars accumulated fewer transcripts encoding a type-1 metacaspase implicated in programmed cell death. Stress tolerant cultivars exhibited stronger expression of genes associated with plant growth and development, hormone metabolism and primary and secondary metabolism than stress susceptible cultivars. Metabolite profiling revealed accumulation of proline in all genotypes following drought stress that was partially suppressed in combined heat and drought. On the contrary, the sugar alcohols inositol and mannitol were strongly accumulated under heat and combined heat and drought stress while galactinol was most strongly accumulated under drought. Combined heat and drought also resulted in the accumulation of Valine, isoleucine, and lysine in all genotypes. These data indicate that single and multiple abiotic stress tolerance in potato is associated with a maintenance of CO2 assimilation and protection of PSII by a reduction of light harvesting capacity. The data further suggests that stress tolerant cultivars suppress cell death and maintain growth and development via fine tuning of hormone signaling, and primary and secondary metabolism. This study highlights potential targets for the development of stress tolerant potato cultivars

Nazofarenks, prostat, akciğer kanseri tedavilerinde volumetrik ark tekniğiyle yapılan planlamaların dozimetrik kalite kontrollerinin karşılaştırılması

Nazofarenks, Prostat, Akciğer Kanseri Tedavilerinde Volumetrik Ark Tekniğiyle Yapılan Planlamaların Dozimetrik Kalite Kontrollerinin Karşılaştırılması Radyoterapi, 1895 yılında X-Işınlarının keşfinden bu yana sürekli teknolojik ilerlemelere dayanıyor. Radyoterapi, normal dokuları koruyarak tümör hacminde optimal izodozu oluşturmayı hedefler. Birçok kanser türünde rast gele yapılan deneyler (meme, prostat ve rektum) sayesinde etkinliği ve toleransı bilimsel olarak kanıtlanmıştır. Hastanın yaşamı için büyük önem taşıyan bu tür başarılar, son on yılda bilgisayar destekli teknolojiyle liner hızlandırıcılar tarafından teşvik edilmiştir. Yakın zamanda bu gelişmeler yeni tedavi teknikleriyle güçlendirildi. Bu gelişmelerden biri hedef hacim kapsamı ve kritik dokuların korunmasında konvansiyonel radyoterapi tekniklerine oranla iyileştirilmiş VMAT tedavi tekniğidir ve dünyadaki klinik kullanımı önemli ölçüde artmaktadır. Yeni tedavi teknikleri beraberinde yeni kalite kontrol yöntemlerinin gelişimini sağladı ve bu gelişim geleneksel yöntemlerden farklıdır. Bu çalışma, nazofarenks, prostat ve akciğer kanser tedavilerinde kullanılan VMAT tedavi tekniğinin 3 boyutlu hastaya özgü kalite kontrolü için Compass ve Arccheck 3DVH yazılımı arasındaki doz hacim histogramını değerlendirmek amaçlamaktadır. Compass (IBA Dosimetry, Schwarzenbruck, Almanya) ve Arccheck (Sun Nuclear Corp., Melbourne, ABD) ticari yarı 3-boyutlu dozimetre kalite kontrol sistemleridir. Temel ve ileri klinik uygulama için Compass ve Arccheck DVH'leri değerlendirildi, gelişmiş klinik uygulama için heterojen (nazofarenks, prostat ve akciğer ) bölgelere dönük VMAT tedavi planları incelendi, DVH'ler, korunan organların doz kritiklerine (OAR) göre Eclipse tedavi planlama sisteminden (TPS) hesaplama yapıldı, DVH'lerin üretilmesi için tedavi planları Compass ve Arccheck sistemlerine yüklenip ışınlandı. Compass ve Arccheck sistemleri korunan organların doz kritiklerine göre TPS'e benzer sonuçlar verdi ve bulgular değerlendirildi. Anahtar Kelimeler: Compass, ArcCheck, TPS, Prostat, Akciğer, Nazofarenks, VMAT, 3DV

Assos Mosaike

Die hier behandelten Mosaikfußböden wurden mit einer Ausnahme alle in den Jahren 1881-1883 durch die vom American Institute of Archaeology durchgeführten Ausgrabungen freigelegt. Das älteste, aus Marmor hergestellte Mosaik lag in der Cella des Athenatempels auf der Akropolis. Die anderen frühen Beispiele aus dem 4.-3. Jahrhundert v. Chr. schmückten die Fußböden zweier Gebäude südlich des Bouleuterions. Auf diesen aus Kieselsteinen gefertigten Mosaiken sind Nike und Greife dargestellt. Daneben sind noch Mosaikfußböden in Kirchen des 5./6. Jahrhunderts n. Chr. ausgegraben worden. Die Tatsache, dass es in einem so wichtigen Ort wie in Assos vom 6. Jahrhundert v. Chr. bis in das 4. Jahrhundert n. Chr. kaum Mosaiken gibt, kann mit dem Grabungsprogramm zusammenhängen. Bis in das Jahr 2010 fanden die Ausgrabungen fast nur im Athenatempel, dem Theater und der Nekropole statt. Wenn in den Wohnvierteln, Kirchen und den anderen offiziellen Gebäuden in der Stadt gegraben werden würde, wäre zu vermuten, dass die Anzahl der Mosaike in Assos steigt. Die einzigartigen Mosaike des 4. und 3. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. zeigen auf, dass die Tradition der Mosaikfußböden in einer frühen Zeit der Stadtgeschichte beginnt. Zwischen diesen und der Mosaikausstattung der Kirchen des 5./6. Jahrhunderts n. Chr. erstreckt sich ein mehrere Jahrhunderte umfassender Hiatus, der nur durch weitere Ausgrabungen gefüllt werden kann

Surgical intervention of Takayasu’s arteritis with supraaortic arterial occlusive disease and critical ischemia of upper extremity: A case report

Type I Takayasu’s arteritis is a rare form of large vessel vasculitis with an unknown etiopathogenesis. It is characterized by progressive chronic inflammation and occlusive thromboaortopathy affecting the aorta and its main branches. Type I Takayasu’s arteritis predominantly affects women and is most commonly observed in their third decade of life. In this report, we present the case of a 32-year-old female patient who exhibited severe long-segment stenosis in the left common carotid artery and total occlusion of the left subclavian artery. The patient experienced significant ischemic symptoms of the left upper extremity and had previously been diagnosed with Takayasu’s arteritis, being followed up under maintenance corticosteroid therapy. To address these complications, we conducted a surgical bypass using a prosthetic graft. The graft was inserted intrathoracically, extending from the patient’s ascending aorta to both the left common carotid artery and the left distal subclavian artery. This approach was designed to closely mimic anatomical routes, promoting optimal graft patency. In the context of this case, we highlight the importance of surgical intervention in alleviating ischemia and explore potential surgical alternatives for treating patients with Takayasu’s arteritis involving the supraaortic region

Optimization of Sensitivity and Reliability of Magnetic Barkhausen Technique for Detecting Hardness Differences on Quenched and Tempered AISI 4140 Steels

Magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) technique offers fast and non-destructive inspection of parts against grinding burns. Moreover, the applicability of the technique to evaluate residual stresses, microstructure heterogeneity, hardness, and heat treatment faults has been subject of intense research for the past 10 years. However, the influence of measurement parameters on the sensitivity and reliability of this technique has yet to be studied in detail. The present work aims at comparing the MBN response of quenched and tempered steels at different magnetizing frequency and voltages. For that purpose identical specimens from an AISI 4140 steel bar were quenched and the tempered at various temperatures between 200oC and 600oC. The microstructures were characterized by metallographic examinations and hardness measurements. A linear relation is expected between mechanical hardness and MBN activity due to the linear relation between magnetic coercive force and hardness. The reliability of the MBN measurements were, therefore, evaluated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient between MBN signals and the hardness. In addition sensitivity of the MBN technique was evaluated by comparing the MBN response of the hardest and softest samples; namely the as quenched sample and the sample tempered at 600oC. The MBN activity of the samples was quantified by calculating the root-mean-square (RMS) value of the noise signal obtained. Too low magnetizing voltages cause the MBN signal to be indistinguishable from background noise. Increasing the magnetizing voltage, increases the sensitivity of the MBN. However; saturation magnetization is exceeded in the pick-up coil when too high magnetizing voltages are used. Therefore the most sensitive response of MBN is obtained at an intermediate magnetizing voltage. This optimization work showed that the validity, reliability and sensitivity of Barkhausen noise technique strongly depends on the selection of measurement parameters