Leopoldo Zea (1912-2004)

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/Programas de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica/"PAPIIT IN 401702-3"//[Historia de las ideas en América Latina en el Siglo XX

Personajes latinoamericanos del siglo XX

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica/"PAPIIT IN 401702-3"//[Historia de las ideas en América Latina en el siglo XX. Conceptos, redes, personajes]El presente libro es fruto del seminario de investigación permanente "Histroria de las ideas en América Latina en el siglo XX. Conceptos, redes, personajes". El interés por publicar esta obra surgió de la necesidad de dar a conocer, entre los interesados por el tema, a los intelectuales más recientes cuyas investigaciones han contribuido a descifrar los enigmas de problemas filosóficos, teológicos, sociales, etc., que enfrenta Latinoamérica en el contexto contemporáneo. Estamos seguros que los artículos contenidos en este libro servirán para satisfacer la curiosidad de muchos y estimular los Estudios Latinoamericanos, aunque aún hay mucho trabajo que realizar para lograr una interpretación cabal y sincera de la realidad latinoamericana. Debemos agregar que tenemos la dicha de que muchos de los pensadores incluidos son formadores de nuevas generaciones. Esperamos que para ellos este texto sirva de reconocimiento por la gran labor docente que llevan a cuestas; y a quienes ya han partido, ofrecemos nuestro trabajo como un humenaje a la obra de tan ilustres personajes.Libro

Phylogenomics and the rise of the angiosperms

International audienceAngiosperms are the cornerstone of most terrestrial ecosystems and human livelihoods 1,2 . A robust understanding of angiosperm evolution is required to explain their rise to ecological dominance. So far, the angiosperm tree of life has been determined primarily by means of analyses of the plastid genome 3,4 . Many studies have drawn on this foundational work, such as classification and first insights into angiosperm diversification since their Mesozoic origins 5–7 . However, the limited and biased sampling of both taxa and genomes undermines confidence in the tree and its implications. Here, we build the tree of life for almost 8,000 (about 60%) angiosperm genera using a standardized set of 353 nuclear genes 8 . This 15-fold increase in genus-level sampling relative to comparable nuclear studies 9 provides a critical test of earlier results and brings notable change to key groups, especially in rosids, while substantiating many previously predicted relationships. Scaling this tree to time using 200 fossils, we discovered that early angiosperm evolution was characterized by high gene tree conflict and explosive diversification, giving rise to more than 80% of extant angiosperm orders. Steady diversification ensued through the remaining Mesozoic Era until rates resurged in the Cenozoic Era, concurrent with decreasing global temperatures and tightly linked with gene tree conflict. Taken together, our extensive sampling combined with advanced phylogenomic methods shows the deep history and full complexity in the evolution of a megadiverse clade

Phylogenomics and the rise of the angiosperms.

Angiosperms are the cornerstone of most terrestrial ecosystems and human livelihoods1,2. A robust understanding of angiosperm evolution is required to explain their rise to ecological dominance. So far, the angiosperm tree of life has been determined primarily by means of analyses of the plastid genome3,4. Many studies have drawn on this foundational work, such as classification and first insights into angiosperm diversification since their Mesozoic origins5-7. However, the limited and biased sampling of both taxa and genomes undermines confidence in the tree and its implications. Here, we build the tree of life for almost 8,000 (about 60%) angiosperm genera using a standardized set of 353 nuclear genes8. This 15-fold increase in genus-level sampling relative to comparable nuclear studies9 provides a critical test of earlier results and brings notable change to key groups, especially in rosids, while substantiating many previously predicted relationships. Scaling this tree to time using 200 fossils, we discovered that early angiosperm evolution was characterized by high gene tree conflict and explosive diversification, giving rise to more than 80% of extant angiosperm orders. Steady diversification ensued through the remaining Mesozoic Era until rates resurged in the Cenozoic Era, concurrent with decreasing global temperatures and tightly linked with gene tree conflict. Taken together, our extensive sampling combined with advanced phylogenomic methods shows the deep history and full complexity in the evolution of a megadiverse clade