Nuevos registros de Orchestoidea tuberculata Nicolet 1849 (Amphipoda, Talitridae), en la costa de Chile

We report new localities of the talitrid amphipod Orchestoidea tuberculata Nicolet 1849 in sand beaches from the Chilean coast, extending the southern distributional limit of the species to the inner sea of Aysén Region, Chile. Besides, we discuss the need for more taxonomic studies, to exclude the presence of more than one species in the genusSe reportan nuevas localidades para el anfípodo talítrido Orchestoidea tuberculata Nicolet 1849 en playas arenosas de la costa Chilena, extendiéndose el límite sur de distribución de la especie hasta el mar interior de la región de Aysén. Además, se discute la necesidad de intensificar los estudios taxonómicos con el objeto de descartar la presencia de más de una especie en el género

DIETA DEL PATO QUETRU NO VOLADOR (TACHYERES PTENERES) EN ISLAS DEL SUR DE CHILE

Resumen ∙ El presente trabajo provee información sobre la dieta de subadultos de Pato Quetru no Volador (Tachyeres pteneres) en cuatro islas del sur de Chile durante los periodos estivales de los años 2007, 2009, 2012, 2013 y 2014. Se colectaron 293 fecas en cuatro islas del centro y sur de Chile: Isla Guamblin, isla Guapiquilán, isla Lacaos e isla Guafo. Se comparó el consumo de presas entre islas. Se identificaron 686 restos duros de invertebrados y vertebrados marinos y algas. Los cangrejos (Cancridae) se registraron como la presa más consumida en las cuatro islas. El número de categorías tróficas en las cuatro islas fluctuó entre 1 y 6 familias/feca. Al comparar el patrón de consumo de presas presentes en la dieta en las cuatro islas se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la composición de la dieta. Para las islas Lacaos y Guapiquilán las presas más consumidas correspondieron a cangrejos, mientras que para las islas Guafo y Guamblin las presas más consumidas fueron los moluscos (Mollusca). Abstract ∙ Diet of the Magellanic Flightless Steamer-Duck (Tachyeres pteneres) in islands of southern Chile We provide information on the diet of the Magellanic Flightless Steamer-Duck (Tachyeres pteneres) in four continental islands of southern Chile during the Austral summer periods of the years 2007, 2009, 2012, 2013, and 2014. A total of 293 feces were collected in Guamblin island, Guapiquilán island, Lacaos island and Guafo island. Based on these we identified 686 hard remains of invertebrates, marine vertebrates, and algae. Crabs (Cancridae) were the most common prey consumed across the four islands. The number of trophic categories fluctuated between 1 to 6 families/feces across the four islands. We found statistically significant differences in diet composition between the four islands. In Lacaos and Guapiquilán islands, the most consumed prey corresponded to crabs, while in Guafo and Guamblin islands the most consumed prey were mollusks (Mollusca)

Fishermen´s perceptions of interactions between seabirds and artisanal fisheries in the Chonos archipelago, Chilean Patagonia

Abstract Interactions between seabirds and commercial fishing activities have been well documented but little information is available regarding the impacts of more traditional fishing practices on seabird populations. We interviewed fishermen, administered questionnaires, and made field-based observations to determine the extent to which artisanal fisheries interact with and affect seabirds in the fjords and channels of the Chonos archipelago in southern Chile. Our surveys indicated a positive perception of seabirds as useful indicators of marine productivity and in their role scavenging fish waste and discards associated with fishing operations. However, the surveys also revealed that fishermen routinely establish seasonal camps for collecting seabird eggs and adults for food or bait and introduce feral predators to seabird breeding colonies on islands. Understanding the traditional practices of fishermen is critical for the future of community-based conservation of the region's marine resources and biodiversity

CALIDAD DE LA VEGETACIÓN RIBEREÑA DEL RÍO MAULLÍN (41° 28' S; 72° 59' O) UTILIZANDO EL ÍNDICE QBR

Maullín River is a site identified by CONAMA as priority for in situ conservation for the importance of his associations of endemic vegetation that harbors and protects a wide diversity of organisms, some of which have conservation problems. Despite this, the vegetation is being harvested and replaced by exotic species. In order to generate a quality assessment of riparian vegetation of this river, we applied the QBR index in 24 stations, which is based on in situ registration of attributes and components of the riparian area. The results indicate that 16.7% of the stations are with extreme degradation and bad quality (QBR < 25), 20.8% with strong alteration and poor quality (QBR = 30-50), 29.2% show starting changes with a quality of intermediate type (QBR = 55-70), 25.0% are slightly disturbed and good quality (QBR = 75-90). Finally, 8.3% of the stations showed a very good quality type, with riparian vegetation in pristine condition (QBR > 90).El río Maullín es uno de los sitios prioritarios identificados por la CONAMA como de interés para la conservación in situ presentando en su curso vegetación de asociaciones endémicas que alberga y protege una amplia diversidad de organismos, algunos de los cuales, presentan problemas de conservación. A pesar de esto, esta vegetación está siendo talada y reemplazada por especies exóticas. Con la finalidad de generar un diagnóstico de la calidad de la vegetación ribereña de este río, se aplicó en 24 estaciones el índice español QBR, el cual se basa en el registro in situ de diferentes atributos y componentes del área ribereña. Los resultados indican que el 16,7 % de las estaciones están con degradación extrema y calidad pésima (QBR < 25), el 20,8 % con alteración fuerte y calidad mala (QBR= 30-50), el 29,2 % muestra inicio de alteraciones con una calidad de tipo intermedia (QBR= 55-70), el 25,0 % se encuentra con perturbaciones ligeras y buena calidad (QBR= 75-90). Por último, el 8,3 % de las estaciones mostró una calidad de tipo muy buena, con vegetación ribereña en condiciones prístinas (QBR > 90)

Summer diet of black-chested buzzard-eagle (Geranoaetus melanoleucus) in Aysen district, Chilean Patagonia

Se describen los ítem-presas del Águila (Geranoaetus melanoleucus) registrados en una localidad de la región de Aysén, Patagonia chilena. A través del análisis de 66 egagrópilas y 56 restos de presas colectados durante parte de los periodos reproductivos 2007, 2008 y 2009, se identificó un total de 11 taxones de vertebrados: cuatro especies exóticas y siete especies nativas. Sobre este total, la liebre europea fue el taxón con mayor número de registros durante las tres temporadas, representando el 46.55% de la dieta de esta rapaz, seguido de Rodentia con 33.45% del total. Aunque estos resultados se restringen a una localidad y no incluyen la variabilidad intra-anual en el consumo de presas del Águila en esta zona de la Patagonia, son consistentes con lo reportado en otras localidades de Chile y Argentina, donde se ha observado un mayor consumo de lagomorfos introducidos por sobre algunas especies [email protected] describe the prey items consumed by the Black-Chested Buzzard-Eagle (Geranoaetus melanoleucus) registered in one study site in Aysén district, Chilean Patagonia. Through analysis of 66 pellets and 56 prey remains collected in the breeding periods 2007, 2008, and 2009, we identified a total of 11 vertebrate taxa: four exotic species and seven native species. The European hare was the taxon with the largest number of records during the three seasons, accounting for 46.55% of the diet of this raptor, Rodentia followed with 33.45% of the total. Although these results are restricted to one location and do not include intra-annual variability in prey consumption of Black-Chested Buzzard-Eagle in this area of Patagonia, are consistent with those reported in other locations in Chile and Argentina, where there has been an increased consumption of lagomorphs introduced over native species

Relationships as a Basis for Safe Drinking Water Provision by Cooperatives in Rural Chile

While access to drinking water has expanded worldwide, safely managed provision is still a challenge, and rural areas are specially underserved. To provide safe drinking water for these areas, water scholars and international organizations have advocated for community-based organizations or coproduction schemes. The literature often mentions that institutions and people play a key role in the provision of drinking water although the specific mechanisms through which they may affect the process of maintaining good quality water have not been reported yet. The article aims to fill this gap by providing a complex, local view on this process. In Chile, from 1960 onwards, the State has implemented cooperatives to provide for drinking water in rural and small-town areas under a coproduction scheme. In this scheme, the State provides the infrastructure, and the community is responsible for service provision. We analysed the water quality of six of these cooperatives and conducted interviews with water managers and leaders. Our research suggests that formal and informal relationships provide the links and motivation needed for the organizations continuous work. These results highlight how relevant it is to keep in mind the context and the public role of delivering safe drinking water

Sobre la presencia de Oryctomorphus bimaculatus Guérin, 1830 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) en el Parque Nacional Isla Guamblin, Aysén, Chile

Oryctomorphus bimaculatus Guérin, 1830 is for the first time recordered from Guamblín Island National Park, extending the species distribution range to Aysén Region, Chile.Se da a conocer el primer registro de Oryctomorphus bimaculatus Guérin, 1830 para el Parque Nacional Isla Guamblín, extendiendo la distribución de la especie hasta la Región de Aysén, Chile

Distribution modelling of the Pudu deer (Pudu puda) in southern Chile

The Pudu deer (Pudu puda) is endemic to the temperate rainforest of Chile and Argentina and currently faces serious conservation problems related to habitat loss. However, studies undertaken on this species are not sufficient to identify suitable areas for conservation purposes across its distribution range. In order to estimate the current and future distribution of the Pudu deer in southern Chile, we modelled the potential distribution of this species, based on occurrence points taken from seven contiguous provinces of this area using the Maxent modelling method. The Pudu deer distribution covered an estimated area of 17,912 km2 (24.1% of the area analysed), using a probability of occurrence above 0.529, according to the threshold that maximises the sum of sensitivity and specificity. In contrast to the Andes mountain range, areas with higher probabilities of occurrence were distributed mainly on the eastern and western slopes of the Coastal Mountain Range, where extensive coverage of native forest persists, as occurs in the provinces of Ranco, Osorno and Llanquihue. Projections to 2070, with global warming scenarios of 2.6 and 8.5 rcp, revealed that large areas will conserve their habitability, especially in the Coastal mountain range. Our results reveal that the Coastal mountain range has a high current and future habitability condition for the Pudu deer, a fact which may have conservation implications for this species