547 research outputs found
A low background counting facility at laboratori nazionali del Gran Sasso
Abstract A low background counting facility with gamma spectroscopy is working in the underground laboratory at LNGS. The main features and some measurements are described here
Spectroscopy of Solar Neutrinos
In the last years, liquid-scintillator detectors have opened a new window for
the observation of low-energetic astrophysical neutrino sources. In 2007, the
solar neutrino experiment Borexino began its data-taking in the Gran Sasso
underground laboratory. High energy resolution and excellent radioactive
background conditions in the detector allow the first-time spectroscopic
measurement of solar neutrinos in the sub-MeV energy regime. The experimental
results of the Beryllium-7 neutrino flux measurements as well as the prospects
for the detection of solar Boron-8, pep and CNO neutrinos are presented in the
context of the currently discussed ambiguities in solar metallicity. In
addition, the potential of the future SNO+ and LENA experiments for
high-precision solar neutrino spectroscopy will be outlined.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, highlight talk at the annual fall meeting of the
German Astronomische Gesellschaft in Potsdam (Sep 2009
First Characterization of the Ultra-Shielded Chamber in the Low-noise Underground Laboratory (LSBB) of Rustrel Pays d'Apt
In compliance with international agreements on nuclear weapons limitation,
the French ground-based nuclear arsenal has been decommissioned in its
totality. One of its former underground missile control centers, located in
Rustrel, 60 km east of Avignon (Provence) has been converted into the
``Laboratoire Souterrain \`a Bas Bruit de Rustrel-Pays d'Apt'' (LSBB). The
deepest experimental hall (500 m of calcite rock overburden) includes a 100
m area of sturdy flooring suspended by and resting on shock absorbers,
entirely enclosed in a 28 m-long, 8 m-diameter, 1 cm-thick steel Faraday cage.
This results in an unparalleled combination of shielding against cosmic rays,
acoustic, seismic and electromagnetic noise, which can be exploited for rare
event searches using ultra low-temperature and superconducting detectors. The
first characterization measurements in this unique civilian site are reported.
For more info see http://home.cern.ch/collar/RUSTREL/rustrel.htmlComment: Homepage and quoted hyperlinks have been updated: see
http://home.cern.ch/collar/RUSTREL/rustrel.htm
Results from Super-Kamiokande
The recent results from Super-Kamiokande (SK) are reported. On atmospheric
neutrino analysis, we have performed a full 3-flavor oscillation analysis with
SK-I+II+III data. A CPT violation study on atmospheric neutrino is also done
with SK-I+II+III data. On solar neutrino analysis, a 3-flavor oscillation
analysis with SK-III data is performed.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figures, proceedings of The XXIV International Conference
on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics (Neutrino 2010
WEB downloadable software for training in cardiovascular hemodynamics in the (3-D) stress echo lab
When a physiological (exercise) stress echo is scheduled, interest focuses on wall motion segmental contraction abnormalities to diagnose ischemic response to stress, and on left ventricular ejection fraction to assess contractile reserve. Echocardiographic evaluation of volumes (plus standard assessment of heart rate and blood pressure) is ideally suited for the quantitative and accurate calculation of a set of parameters allowing a complete characterization of cardiovascular hemodynamics (including cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance), left ventricular elastance (mirroring left ventricular contractility, theoretically independent of preload and afterload changes heavily affecting the ejection fraction), arterial elastance, ventricular arterial coupling (a central determinant of net cardiovascular performance in normal and pathological conditions), and diastolic function (through the diastolic mean filling rate). All these parameters were previously inaccessible, inaccurate or labor-intensive and now become, at least in principle, available in the stress echocardiography laboratory since all of them need an accurate estimation of left ventricular volumes and stroke volume, easily derived from 3 D echo
Muon Detection of TeV Gamma Rays from Gamma Ray Bursts
Because of the limited size of the satellite-borne instruments, it has not
been possible to observe the flux of gamma ray bursts (GRB) beyond GeV energy.
We here show that it is possible to detect the GRB radiation of TeV energy and
above, by detecting the muon secondaries produced when the gamma rays shower in
the Earth's atmosphere. Observation is made possible by the recent
commissioning of underground detectors (AMANDA, the Lake Baikal detector and
MILAGRO) which combine a low muon threshold of a few hundred GeV or less, with
a large effective area of 10^3 m^2 or more. Observations will not only provide
new insights in the origin and characteristics of GRB, they also provide
quantitative information on the diffuse infrared background.Comment: Revtex, 12 pages, 3 postscript figures, uses epsfig.st
Il ruolo delle Sottoprefetture nella tutela dellâigiene e della sanitĂ pubblica in Italia, corsi e ricorsi storici
This work is based on 18-months eld research I carried out among Eritrean and Ethiopian Pentecostals in Rome (Italy). One of the topics of my work focused on the meaning they give to the evil: I collected different illness narratives and various cases. In this paper, I would like to shed light upon some dimensions of the sickness that go beyond the disease itself. By proposing a case of a woman who became sick during her high school period, because of a witchcraft attack, I will try to analyze the various stakes we can nd in the interpretation of the evil, in the etiology of the sickness and in her illness narratives. The various issues will be also analyzed by putting them in the wider picture of the con ict between Pentecostalism and local âtraditionâ, represented, in this case, by the local Orthodox (tewahdo) Church and its therapeutic practices, considered by Pentecostals to be devilish
Solar Neutrinos: Where We Are, What We Need
This talk compares standard model predictions with the results of solar
neutrino experiments. Here `standard model' means the combined standard model
of minimal electroweak theory plus a standard solar model. I emphasize the
importance of recent analyses in which the neutrino fluxes are treated as free
parameters, independent of any constraints from solar models, and the stunning
agreement between the predictions of standard solar models and
helioseismological measurements. In order to interpret solar neutrino
experiments more accurately in terms of fundamental physics and astronomy, we
need improved improved nuclear physics data. I describe the five most important
nuclear physics problems whose solution is required for understanding the
precise implications of solar neutrino experiments.Comment: 20 pages, RevTeX file. To appear in the Proceedings of the 15th
International Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, Groningen, The
Netherlands, 22--26 July 1997, ed. J. C. S. Bacelar, A. E. L. Dieperink, and
R. A. Malfliet (Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers). Related material at
http://www.sns.ias.edu/~jn
The Cr neutrino source and Borexino: a desirable marriage
Exposure to a Cr neutrino source as that used in Gallex will provide
an excellent overall performance test of Borexino, which should collect about
1400 source induced events, with an initial rate of about 35 counts per day.
This will be particularly important if MSW-small-angle turns out to be the
solution of the solar neutrino problem. In addition, if an independent,
accurate calibration is available, one will have an interesting experiment on
neutrino properties: as an example, a neutrino magnetic moment of the order
could be detected/excluded at the 90\% C.L.Comment: 7 pages, RevTeX, plus 3 postscripts figures, tarred, compresse
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