Evaluación de un biorreactor de manto de lodo anaerobio de flujo ascendente para el tratamiento de vinazas

En esta investigación se presenta la evaluación de un biorreactor de manto de lodo anaerobio de flujo ascendente (UASB) de 4.4 L durante un periodo de 90 días, el cual fue alimentado con vinazas de una empresa de bebidas fermentadas provenientes de Comitán, Chiapas. Se investigó principalmente la eficiencia de la remoción de la demanda química de oxígeno (DQO) y la estabilidad del reactor con respecto al factor alfa (α) y potencial de hidrógeno (pH). La eficiencia de remoción de la DQO fue de 90 %. Durante el estudio, se mantuvo un sistema estable con α =0.28 y pH=7.1

Aqueous extraction of seed oil from mamey sapote (Pouteria sapota) after Viscozyme L treatment

In this study, aqueous enzymatic extraction (AEE) was evaluated during the process of obtaining oil from mamey sapote seed (OMSS). Viscozyme L enzyme complex was used at pH 4 and 50 ◦C during the optimization of the extraction process by central composite design and response surface methodology. Optimal conditions were: 3.5% (w/w) of enzyme (regarding the seed weight), 5.5 h of incubation time, 235 rpm of agitation rate, and 1:3.5 of solid-to-liquid ratio. These conditions enabled us to obtain an OMSS yield of 66%. No statistically significant differences were found in the fatty acid profile and physicochemical properties, such as the acid and iodine values and the percentage of free fatty acids, between the oil obtained by AEE or by the conventional solvent extraction (SE). However, the oxidative stability of the oil obtained by AEE (11 h) was higher than that obtained by SE (9.33 h), therefore, AEE, in addition to being an environmentally friendly method, produces a superior quality oil in terms of oxidative stability. Finally, the high oil content in mamey sapote seed, and the high percentage of oleic acid (around 50% of the total fatty acid) found in this oil, make it a useful edible vegetable oil

Evaluación de un biorreactor de manto de lodo anaerobio de flujo ascendente para el tratamiento de vinazas

En esta investigación se presenta la evaluación de un biorreactor de manto de lodo anaerobio de flujo ascendente (UASB) de 4.4 L durante un periodo de 90 días, el cual fue alimentado con vinazas de una empresa de bebidas fermentadas provenientes de Comitán, Chiapas. Se investigó principalmente la eficiencia de la remoción de la demanda química de oxígeno (DQO) y la estabilidad del reactor con respecto al factor alfa (α) y potencial de hidrógeno (pH). La eficiencia de remoción de la DQO fue de 90 %. Durante el estudio, se mantuvo un sistema estable con α =0.28 y pH=7.1

Production and characterization of biodiesel from oil of fish waste by enzymatic catalysis

The objective of this paper was to optimize, by composite central design coupled to response surface methodology, the enzymatic biodiesel production from oil coming from fish waste, and to characterize the obtained product. The lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus immobilized on octadecyl metacrylate beads was used as biocatalyst. Optimal conditions were temperature of 35 C, 10% w/w of biocatalyst content and 216 rpm of agitation rate. Under optimal conditions, an experimental biodiesel yield of 75.3% was obtained after 24 h of reaction time. The biodiesel presented an acid value (0.9 ± 0.28 mg KOH/g) that was higher than the established limits, while other parameters like density (0.89 ± 0.01 g/mL), viscosity (5.3 ± 0.004 mm2/s), calorific value (38.1 ± 0.21 MJ/kg) and cloud point (10.5 ± 0.47 C), complied with the recommendations of the ASTM D6751 standard

Aqueous enzymatic extraction of Ricinus communis seeds oil using Viscozyme L

In this study, the extraction of oil from seeds of castor (Ricinus communis) was intended using aqueous enzymatic extraction (AEE). After evaluating several enzymes (cellulase, pectinase, hemicellulase and Viscozyme L), the enzymatic cocktail Viscozyme L gave the best oil extraction yield (64 %) at pH 4 and 50 ◦C, and it was chosen for the optimization of the extraction process using a response surface methodology and a central composite design. Under optimal conditions (2% of Viscozyme L, 4 h of incubation time, 200 rpm and a solid to liquid ratio of 1:5), an oil yield extraction of 80 % was achieved using AEE. Compared with oil extracted using solvent extraction, AEE produced an oil with a higher acid and iodine values, but a similar fatty acid composition. Additionally, oxidative stability was higher in oil extracted using AEE, so it can be said that in terms of this parameter, AEE produces a higher quality oil compared to the SE. Scanning Electron Micrographs (SEM) imagines showed that Viscozyme L causes a destruction of cell walls and liposome membranes structure of castor seeds, causing the oil release. The results showed that AEE is a no contaminant extraction technology that can be employed in the industrial extraction of oil from castor seed