LOS DATOS DEL ADN MITOCONDRIAL Y DE LA MORFOLOGÍA DE HELMINTHOXYS FREITASI QUENTIN, 1969 REVELAN SUS RELACIONES FILOGENÉTICAS EN LA TRIBU PROTOZOOPHAGINI

Los nematodos del género Helminthoxys Freitas, Lent & Almeida, 1937 son parásitos intestinales de roedores caviomorfos con una amplia distribución neotropical. Este estudio detalló la morfología de Helminthoxys freitasi Quentin, 1969 por microscopía óptica y microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB), e infirió una filogenia para la tribu Protozoophagini con las secuencias del gene parcial Citocromo c Oxidasa subunidade 1 (MT-CO1). Los roedores Mesomys hispidus (Desmarest, 1817) fueron colectados en tres áreas distintas en el estado de Acre, Brasil. Los helmintos encuentrados observaron alas laterales que alcanzan el nivel del ano, la región posterior del cuerpo en el hombre con tres pares de papilas sésiles y un par de papilas pedunculadas. La secuencia COI de H. freitasi revelan una estrecha relación con el género Wellcomia Sambon, 1907, corroborando con la filogenia morfológica anterior. Además, reportamos una nueva especie huésped, M. hispidus, con una nueva localidad en la selva amazónica

First records of molluscs naturally infected with Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) in Northeastern Brazil, including new global records of natural intermediate hosts

Human neural angiostrongyliasis is an emerging infectious disease caused by nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis. The present study investigated the presence of Angiostrongylus spp. in terrestrial molluscs collected from the following areas in the Metropolitan Region of Aracaju, Sergipe State, Brazil: Barra dos Coqueiros, Nossa Senhora do Socorro, Sao Cristovao and Aracaju. In total, 703 specimens representing 13 mollusc species were screened for Angiostrongylus spp. Larvae of Angiostrongylus spp. were found in three species. Larvae recovered from Achatina fulica were used for experimental infection in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). For specific identification of nematodes, the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) was sequenced from both larvae and adults recovered from molluscs and rats, respectively. Infection with A. cantonensis was detected in all municipalities and in the following three host species: Bulimulus tenuissimus, Cyclodontina fasciata (Barra dos Coqueiros), and A. fulica (Aracaju, Nossa Senhora do Socorro and Sao Cristovao). Coinfections were also found with Caenorhabditis sp. and Strongyluris sp. larvae. This is the first study of the helminth fauna associated with the terrestrial malacofauna in Sergipe State, and confirms that these three snail species are involved in the transmission of A. cantonensis in the state. In addition, B. tenuissimus and C. fasciata are newly reported natural hosts of the parasite

Nectomys squamipes (Rodentia: Cricetidae) as an experimental model for schistosomiasis mansoni

Twenty specimens of Nectomys squamipes born in captivity, were infected with 500 cercariae by the transcutaneous route. Coprologic examinations were carried out from the 5th to 23rd week after infection. On the 7th, 8th, 12th, 16th, and 23rd weeks the animals were sacrificed and perfused. The oogram was performed in segments of the small intestine (proximal, medial and distal portions) and the large intestine. The average pre-patent period was of 42 days. The average number of eggs varied from 350 on 6th week, to 800 on the 13th. From the 14th week on, the average number of eggs eliminated was lower than 50 per gram of feces. The recovery of worms kept steady on the 7th, 8th, and 12th week (16.85%; 15.45% and 11.95%), decreasing to 7.70% on the 16th week and 8.45% on the 23rd week. The proportion of male/female worms was about the same on the first two weeks, but from the 12th week on, the proportion was: 1,4/1 on the 12th week; 2,5/1 on the 16thweek and 1,8/1 on the 23rd weekThese observations suggest that N. squamipes may used as an experimental model for schistosomiasis mansoni, to wich it develops resistance mechanism, useful for immunity studies

The effect of early infection with Echinostoma paraensei on the interaction of Schistosoma mansoni with Biomphalaria glabrata and Biomphalaria tenagophila

Infection caused by the trematode Echinostoma paraensei has been shown to interfere in the natural resistance to infection by Schistosoma mansoni. Biomphalaria glabrata is susceptible to infection, while Taim isolate Biomphalaria tenagophila is resistant to infection by S. mansoni. These two snail species were assessed for infection with E. paraensei two days after exposure to S. mansoni miracidia. The number of B. tenagophila and B. glabrata infected with E. paraensei was lower in co-infected group, suggesting an antagonistic relationship. B. glabrata showed an increase in its susceptibility to S. mansoni, whereas B. tenagophila maintained its refractoriness to S. mansoni infection. Weekly comparisons made between the E. paraensei cercariae released from B. tenagophila and B. glabrata mono-infected snails revealed no quantitative differences. In contrast, S. mansoni cercariae released were higher in the B. glabrata co-infected group. Mortality rates were significantly greater in both species pertaining to co-infected group and unexpected mortalities were also observed in B. tenagophila exposed only to S. mansoni miracidia. Our study revealed that the B. tenagophila Taim isolate is susceptible to E. paraensei infection, although infection did not alter its resistance to S. mansoni infection

Angiostrongylus cantonensis and Rat Lungworm Disease in Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-19T13:49:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1914 bytes, checksum: 7d48279ffeed55da8dfe2f8e81f3b81f (MD5) arnaldo_maldonadojr2_etal_IOC_2013.pdf: 1393449 bytes, checksum: 671d167f22b59ef55955871542b1726e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Malacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Malacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.The metastrongyloid nematode genus Angiostrongylus includes 18 species, two of which are relevant from a medical standpoint, Angiostrongylus costaricensis and Angiostrongylus cantonensis. The first was described from Costa Rica in 1971 and causes abdominal angiostrongyliasis in the Americas, including in Brazil. Angiostrongylus cantonensis, first described in 1935 from Canton, China, is the causative agent of eosinophilic meningitis. The natural definitive hosts are rodents, and molluscs are the intermediate hosts. Paratenic or carrier hosts include crabs, freshwater shrimp, amphibians, flatworms, and fish. Humans become infected accidentally by ingestion of intermediate or paratenic hosts and the parasite does not complete the life cycle as it does in rats. Worms in the brain cause eosinophilic meningitis. This zoonosis, widespread in Southeast Asia and the Pacific islands, has now been reported from other regions. In the Americas there are records from the United States, Cuba, Jamaica, Brazil, Ecuador, and Haiti. In Brazil seven human cases have been reported since 2007 from the southeastern and northeastern regions. Epidemiological studies found infected specimens of Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus as well as many species of molluscs, including the giant African land snail, Achatina fulica, from various regions of Brazil. The spread of angiostrongyliasis is currently a matter of concern in Brazil

Canaania obesa (Platyhelminthes: Dicrocoeliidae): redescription and new hosts records

The digenetic trematode Canaania obesa Travassos, 1944 (Dicrocoeliidae) was described as a parasite of the bile ducts of the rodent Akodon cursor Winge, 1887 (Cricetidae) collected in Santa Teresa, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. In the present study, we report the occurrence of C. obesa infecting three additional sigmodontinae rodent species: Akodon montensis Thomas, 1913; Oligoryzomys nigripes Olfers, 1818 and Nectomys squamipes Brants, 1827, from three municipalities situated at Serra dos Órgãos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Scanning electron microscopy showed that this helminth has a leaf-like shape with conical extremities and the ventral mid body protrudes at the acetabulum level. The microtopography of the tegument shows a heterogeneous surface with smooth or wrinkled areas and several randomly distributed papillae. The cirrus is located just posterior to the oral sucker and is covered by smooth tegument without spines or papillae. The excretory pore is subterminal. The eggs are elliptic and operculate at one of the extremities. The present study adds new taxonomic characters to C. obesa. The municipalities of Nova Friburgo, Teresópolis and Sumidouro are new geographical areas of distribution, and A. montensis, O. nigripes and N. squamipes are new host records for C. obesa

Assessment of Akodon cursor (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae) as permissive host to Schistosoma mansoni infection: morphology of adult worms

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-10-26T10:15:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 rosangela_silva_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 961606 bytes, checksum: 1b54157fde4f6a7f8890744330a7ed40 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-10-26T10:25:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rosangela_silva_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 961606 bytes, checksum: 1b54157fde4f6a7f8890744330a7ed40 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-26T10:25:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rosangela_silva_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 961606 bytes, checksum: 1b54157fde4f6a7f8890744330a7ed40 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia. Laboratório de Helmintologia Romero Lascasas Porto. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia. Laboratório de Helmintologia Romero Lascasas Porto. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.The natural infection with parasitic helminths is common in wild rodent populations. Once such interactions are better understood in the laboratory, it will be more feasible to extend the findings to infected hosts in nature. The flukes recovered from laboratory- infected Akodon cursor at 63 days post-infection were stained with hydrochloric carmine and individually mounted on glass slide as whole-mounts. Light and laser scanning confocal microscopy studies of adult male and female Schistosoma mansoni are reported. The parasites were examined morphologically and biometrically, which was obtained in a digital system for image analysis. Parameters used were: tegument thickness, digestive, excretory and reproductive systems. The overall conclusion of this experiment is that the morphological features of adult worm were similar to laboratory mice. It has been confirmed that the grass mouse is a permissive host to S. mansoni infection

The effect of early infection with Echinostoma paraensei on the interaction of Schistosoma mansoni with Biomphalaria glabrata and Biomphalaria tenagophila

Infection caused by the trematode Echinostoma paraensei has been shown to interfere in the natural resistance to infection by Schistosoma mansoni . Biomphalaria glabrata is susceptible to infection, while Taim isolate Biomphalaria tenagophila is resistant to infection by S. mansoni. These two snail species were assessed for infection with E. paraensei two days after exposure to S. mansoni miracidia. The number of B. tenagophila and B. glabrata infected with E. paraensei was lower in co-infected group, suggesting an antagonistic relationship. B. glabrata showed an increase in its susceptibility to S. mansoni, whereas B. tenagophila maintained its refractoriness to S. mansoni infection. Weekly comparisons made between the E. paraensei cercariae released from B. tenagophila and B. glabrata mono-infected snails revealed no quantitative differences. In contrast, S. mansoni cercariae released were higher in the B. glabrata co-infected group. Mortality rates were significantly greater in both species pertaining to co-infected group and unexpected mortalities were also observed in B. tenagophila exposed only to S. mansoni miracidia. Our study revealed that the B. tenagophila Taim isolate is susceptible to E. paraensei infection, although infection did not alter its resistance to S. mansoni infection

Effects of Euphorbia milii Latex on Schistosoma mansoni Eggs, Miracidia and Cercariae

Submitted by Fátima Lopes ([email protected]) on 2018-07-25T19:18:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EffectsEuphorbiaMilii.pdf: 89296 bytes, checksum: a05aff05899ff99ef0921ed183e073cc (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Fátima Lopes ([email protected]) on 2018-07-25T19:26:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EffectsEuphorbiaMilii.pdf: 89296 bytes, checksum: a05aff05899ff99ef0921ed183e073cc (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-25T19:26:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EffectsEuphorbiaMilii.pdf: 89296 bytes, checksum: a05aff05899ff99ef0921ed183e073cc (MD5) Previous issue date: 1998Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária. Brasília, DF, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.The latex of "Crown-of-Thorns" (Euphorbia milii var hislopii) is a potent plant molluscicide and a promising alternative to niclosamide (NCL), today`s mostly used molluscicidal compound. In addition to being an effective molluscicide, NCL also kills miracidia and cercariae, the two free living stages of Schistosoma trematodes. It is active against other helminths as well. Owing to its prominent cestocide activity NCL has been used in human and veterinary medicine as a drug of choice to treat several tapeworm infections. However, the effects of E. milii on helminths have not been studied so far. In this study we investigated the effects of E. milii latex on S. mansoni eggs, miracidia and cercariae. Data on the toxicity of NCL to these developmental stages of S. mansoni were also obtained for comparative purposes