THE IMPORTANT ROLE OF THE SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE IN LAST GENERATION THEOLOGY FOR SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS

This paper takes a contemporary look at the discussion andanalysis of the concept of separation of church and statefrom a Seventh-day Adventist perspective. The separationof church and state means that the government should notenforce any specific religion on the population, and shouldnot prohibit the population to follow any specific religion.The separation of church and state can clearly be seen inthe First Amendment of the United States Constitution.Philosophers like Locke strongly opposed the combinationof church and state, and during the Dark Ages, where thechurch largely controlled the state, we can see how manypeople were killed by the Roman Catholic Church and itssubsidiaries for following their consciences. History hasshown us that in countries where religion and state hasnot been kept separate, there is persecution of the masses.The Bible, and Seventh-day Adventist Christian authorslike Alonzo Jones and Ellen White, completely reject theidea of the state wanting to enforce religious rules on theirpeople. These authors believed in the central idea of LastGeneration Theology, which is that the last generationof Christians who are alive when Christ returns will livelives completely free from sin. In order to be encouragedPrajñā Vihāra Vol. 23 no. 1 January to June 2022, 109-121© 2000 by Assumption University Press110 Prajñā Vihāra Vol. 23 no. 1 January to June 2022to be completely obedient to God in all areas that Herequires, it is crucial to have the freedom to follow yourconscience without the interference of the civil authority.The combination of church and state therefore seems toplay a major role in the eschatology of Christianity as itrelates to Last Generation Theology

The Effect of Seed Priming on Germination and Seedling Growth of Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus)

ABSTRACT Seed priming is a pre-sowing treatment which involves a controlled hydration of seeds, sufficient to allow pre-terminative metabolic events to take place while insufficient to allow radicle protrusion through the seed coat. This technique has been used to increase the germination rate, total germination and seedling uniformity, mainly under unfavorable environmental conditions. Little information is available about seedling development of watermelon to seed priming in field condition. To investigate the effect of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of watermelon, an experiment was conducted at Azad University of Sabzevar with factorial arrangement of treatment in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. Experimental factors were 3 watermelon cultivars (Niagara, Charleston Gray, and Crimson Sweet) and 5 priming media (HCL 0.1N, NaCl 1.5N, PEG 6000 3%, KNO 3 3%, and none primed). Priming increased watermelon emergence, emergence rate, and plumule length. No significant differences were found to exist on plumule dry weight and radicle length. Priming with PEG and NaCl negatively affected the rate and growth of emerged seedling. Among the assessed priming media, KNO 3 had the most effective impact on emergence and seedling growth. Compared with the non-primed seeds, seed priming with KNO3 increased the germination, germination rate and plumule length by 17.87%, 18.65%, and 4.68%, respectively

An area and power optimization technique for CMOS bandgap voltage references

This article explores the main tradeoffs in design of power and area efficient bandgap voltage reference (BGR) circuits. A structural design methodology for optimizing the silicon area and power dissipation of CMOS BGRs will be introduced. For this purpose, basic equations of the bandgap circuit have been adapted such that can simply be applied in the optimization process. To improve the reliability of the designed circuit, the effect of amplifier offset has been also included in the optimization process. It is also shown that the minimum achievable power consumption and area are highly depending on the fabrication process parameters especially sheet resistivity of the available resistors in the technology and also the area of bipolar transistors. The proposed technique does not depend on a special process and can be applied for designing bandgap reference circuits with different topologie