Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety of Direct Treatment of Pulpal Protection as an Ultra-Conservative Option in Extensive Cervical Injuries

Treatment of deep caries can result in exposure of the dental pulp, even in teeth with sensitive but asymptomatic pulps. Direct pulp capping (DPU) is used to preserve pulp health, although it may sometimes require additional follow-up treatments, such as root canal treatment (RTC), which could have been performed immediately after exposure, possibly with better results. . The purpose of this case report is to highlight the advantages of RPD compared to TCR, which, while having a high success rate, is not a predominantly conservative approach. The follow-up evaluations were carried out in a time range that varied from 2 to 30 days. It is important to highlight that the present case contributes to the existing clinical evidence and provides a perspective on the effectiveness and clinical implications of RPD as an ultra-conservative alternative in the management of deep neck injuries

Inappropriate Use of Antibiotics Among Dentists in Ecuador

More than 50% of the use of antibiotics is considered inappropriate and dentists turn out to be part of the health professionals who misuse these drugs. Due to this, the objective of this study was to evaluate the prescription of antibiotics by Ecuadorian dentists after extraction of temporary teeth for systemic causes to determine the rational use of these drugs, among pediatric patients. This retrospective study used a survey of dentists in Ecuador as the primary database. The sample was obtained with the Epi Info application, with an expected frequency of 50%, a margin of error of 5% and a confidence level of 95%. Odd Ratio (OR) was used as a measure of association, obtained by logistic regression and Pearson's chi square to establish correlation. More than 11% of them mentioned having prescribed antibiotics after extracting a temporary tooth due to physiological causes. Those who most incurred this inappropriate use were male dentists, those under 30 years of age and those over 51 years of age, who work in urban areas and those who graduated from a public university and those who do not yet have a degree fourth level. The misuse or inappropriate use of antibiotics is a global problem in which many factors intervene, including the authorized prescribers of these drugs. Dentists are an important part of this problem and the factors identified in many studies are diverse

Negative Impact of the Excessive Use of Electronic Devices in Children and Youth: A Scientific Approach

Aim: Electronic devices, such as television, are an integral part of the daily lives of children and adolescents. However, it is crucial to understand the possible long-term consequences that may arise due to their use. Material and method: Experts in the scientific field agree that these devices are not appropriate for very young children. Time spent watching television or playing computer games is considered wasted time that could have been spent on creative activities or social interactions. This problem has become a global concern. Worldwide, children and adolescents are allowed to use electronic devices daily, resulting in negative effects that affect their physical, emotional and behavioral health, such as vision problems, back pain and addiction. Statistics and Result: To prevent these consequences, it is advisable that parents become aware and take measures to avoid excessive use of electronic devices. It is important to educate children and adolescents about the risks associated with social networks, such as the presence of inappropriate content and the danger of sexual predators

Psychophysiological and Oral Impact of The Covid-19 Health Crisis

Aim: The infectious disease known as COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has had a diverse impact on the population, affecting each person individually. Material and method: As a measure to curb its rapid spread, a mandatory quarantine was implemented involving the isolation of both carriers and non-carriers of the disease. This situation has triggered negative psychological and oral responses, generating disorders such as stress, depression and anxiety, which are characterized by alterations in cognition, emotional regulation and behavior. Statistics and Result: In addition, oral manifestations such as bruxism, periodontal disease and other lesions have been observed. The purpose of this literature review is to investigate the possible relationship between the oral and psychophysical state of people due to the isolation caused by the pandemic and COVID-19 disease

Endodontic treatment of third molars from a conservative perspective. A case report

Endodontic treatments of third molars are extremely difficult because they are located posteriorly, have unpredictable internal anatomy, strange occlusal anatomy, and unusual eruption patterns. A 28-years-old patient who attended the doctor’s office for endodontic treatment of the upper right third molar it is presented. Intraoral periapical radiography revealed a slight curvature in the mesial and distal canals. A wide trapezoidal access was prepared after the use of intermediate size files for apical preparation. K-type files No. 6, 8 and 10 were used for the preparation of the smooth tunnel (glide path) and a WaveOne Gold primary file for shaping. A single cone obturation was performed. The case is published with the purpose of offering a clear and complete vision of the endodontic treatment of the mandibular third molar that can have different internal configurations. Third molars, due to their posterior location, limited access, and severe curvature, pose the greatest clinical challenges and require meticulous skill, advanced technology, and patience to succeed

Platelet rich fibrin and its use in dentistry

Introducción: la fibrina rica en plaquetas (FRP) se considera un material regenerativo que posee una gran cantidad de factores de crecimiento, leucocitos, plaquetas y citoquinas que se requieren en los procesos de curación. En odontología, se presenta como una tendencia en auge por su versatilidad, sobre todo en cirugía bucomaxilofacial, implantología oral y en periodoncia.Métodos: se utilizó como metodología la denominada PRISMA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols, donde se cumplieron los criterios de búsqueda de acuerdo a los estándares Cochrane para revisiones sistemáticas. Además, para la extracción de datos se utilizó la herramienta Perish or Perish, con la finalidad de realizar esta búsqueda de artículos relacionados al objeto de estudio.Desarrollo: la fibrina rica en plaquetas se obtiene mediante la centrifugación de sangre del propio paciente sin modificación bioquímica artificial. Dentro de sus principales propiedades se puede encontrar el estímulo a la diferenciación y la proliferación de los osteoblastos, estimulación de la angiogénesis y efecto mitógeno. Tiene un amplio uso en el campo de la odontología.  En la periodoncia y la implantología oral tiene múltiples aplicaciones, para tratar las recesiones gingivales, en la elevación del piso del seno maxilar, aumenta el efecto de la coagulación/regeneración tisular en el sitio quirúrgico mediante un coágulo natural que acelera la curación de los tejidos blandos y duros.Conclusiones: se concluye que los beneficios de las FRP en la recuperación de los pacientes, por lo cual, se evidencia la viabilidad de su uso en los diferentes procedimientos, sean estos de periodoncia, endodoncia, cirugía o armonización fácil.Introduction: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is considered a regenerative material that possesses a large amount of growth factors, leukocytes, platelets and cytokines that are required in healing processes. In dentistry, it is a growing trend due to its versatility, especially in oral and maxillofacial surgery, oral implantology and periodontics.Methods: The methodology used was PRISMA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols, where the search criteria were met according to Cochrane standards for systematic reviews. In addition, the Perish or Perish tool was used for data extraction, in order to carry out this search for articles related to the object of study.Development: platelet-rich fibrin is obtained by centrifugation of the patient's own blood without artificial biochemical modification. Among its main properties are the stimulation of osteoblast differentiation and proliferation, stimulation of angiogenesis and mitogenic effect. It has a wide use in the field of dentistry.  In periodontics and oral implantology it has multiple applications, to treat gingival recessions, in maxillary sinus floor elevation, increases the effect of coagulation/tissue regeneration at the surgical site by means of a natural clot that accelerates the healing of soft and hard tissues.Conclusions: It is concluded that the benefits of FRP in the recovery of patients, therefore, the feasibility of its use in different procedures, whether they are periodontics, endodontics, surgery or easy harmonization, is evidenced

Perfil sociodemográfico y monitoreo de la disfunción tiroidea subclínica en la población atendida en el Laboratorio Clínico LABSERV

This thesis addresses subclinical thyroid dysfunction in a selected population, with the objective of determining its prevalence and analyzing its socio-demographic profile. Through an observational study, 81 patients were evaluated to establish the prevalence of subclinical thyroid dysfunction, finding that 19% of the studied population had this condition. An unequal distribution was observed between genders, with a higher proportion of women affected. In addition, sociodemographic variables such as age and educational level were analyzed in relation to hyperthyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism. Significant associations were found between age and subclinical hyperthyroidism, as well as between subclinical hypothyroidism and sex, age, and educational level. It is recommended to carry out longitudinal studies and early detection programs to improve care for this condition in the population studied. These findings provide a deeper understanding of subclinical thyroid dysfunction and may contribute to improved management of this condition in clinical practice.El presente artículo aborda la disfunción tiroidea subclínica en una población seleccionada, con el objetivo de determinar su prevalencia y analizar su perfil socio-demográfico. A través de un estudio observacional, se evaluaron 81 pacientes para establecer la prevalencia de disfunción tiroidea subclínica, encontrando que el 19% de la población estudiada presentaba esta condición. Se observó una distribución desigual entre géneros, con una mayor proporción de mujeres afectadas. Además, se analizaron variables socio-demográficas como la edad y el nivel de instrucción en relación con el hipertiroidismo y el hipotiroidismo subclínico. Se encontraron asociaciones significativas entre la edad y el hipertiroidismo subclínico, así como entre el hipotiroidismo subclínico y el sexo, la edad y el nivel de instrucción. Se recomienda realizar estudios longitudinales y programas de detección temprana para mejorar la atención de esta condición en la población estudiada. Estos hallazgos proporcionan una comprensión más profunda de la disfunción tiroidea subclínica y pueden contribuir a mejorar la gestión de esta condición en la práctica clínica

Síndrome de burnout y su relación con factores sociodemográficos en estudiantes de odontología UNIANDES

La práctica y estudio odontológico ha sido considerado como una de las actividades que ocasiona con mayor frecuencia algunas alteraciones y manifestaciones de la salud física y mental, en comparación con otras profesiones de la salud; siendo reflejadas en la mayoría de quienes la estudian como altas cargas de estrés emocional, psicológico y físico. Este estudio buscó determinar la prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout y su relación con factores sociodemográficos en estudiantes de 7mo a 10mo semestre de la Carrera de Odontología UNIANDES. Este estudio descriptivo de cohorte transversal empleó la encuesta Unidimensional de Burnout Estudiantil y preguntas orientadas a valorar factores sociodemográficos; la aplicación de la encuesta se realizó por SurveyMonkey. Participaron 204 estudiantes, de entre 20 a 25 años y en su mayoría de sexo femenino; menos del 1% de la muestra estudiada según la escala de Burnout, se encuentra libre de estrés, encontrándose las siguientes prevalencias según el nivel: leve 76.96%; moderado 20.59%, grave 1.47%; y no presentaron, 0.98%. Dentro de los principales factores de riesgo para padecer del síndrome de Burnout, se encuentran molestias fisiológicas previas que presenta el estudiante

Prevalencia de bruxismo y estrés en estudiantes de odontología de la Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes

Introducción: el bruxismo conocido como un trastorno de etiología multifactorial es una actividad parafuncional que consiste en el apriete y rechinamiento dentario, puede ser de causa conocida o de causa desconocida, sea cual sea, se puede realizar durante el día o durante la noche. Objetivo: determinar la magnitud y presencia de bruxismo relacionado con el nivel de estrés y ansiedad, en los estudiantes de la carrera de odontología de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes en Ecuador. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y de corte transversal, en estudiantes de la carrera de Odontología de la Universidad Regional Autónoma De Los Andes en el año 2022. El universo estuvo constituido por el total de estudiantes de la de Odontología de la Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes. La muestra se seleccionó mediante muestreo aleatorio simple, obteniendose 354 estudiantes. Resultados: se determinó que el 45% de estudiantes no presentaron bruxismo y el 55% de estudiantes presentaron bruxismo, con predominio en mujeres. Todos los alumnos que mostraron bruxismo presentaron niveles altos de depresión, estrés y ansiedad. Conclusiones: existe claramente una relación entre estrés, ansiedad y bruxismo. Los resultados muestran la prevalencia de estrés y bruxismo en estudiantes de la carrera de odontología, debido a que hay una gran cantidad de la relación del factor depresión, del factor ansiedad y del factor estrés con el nivel moderado de bruxismo

Biosafety in Dentistry before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Introducción: en el caso de la odontología, la bioseguridad se centra en los procedimientos que se deben seguir dentro del consultorio odontológico con el fin de garantizar la salud y seguridad tanto del odontólogo y sus asistentes, como del paciente. Estos procedimientos de Bioseguridad en odontología involucran estrategias de inmunización y también la prevención de la exposición de dentistas, asistentes y pacientes a materiales infecciosos.Objetivo: describir los cambios en las medidas de bioseguridad en la odontología a nivel mundial determinados por la detección del virus SARS-CoV-2.Métodos: para realizar esta investigación se consultaron 27 artículos sobre el tema, obtenidos de búsquedas en bases de datos como Elsevier a través de Science Direct, Google Académico yScielo, de ellos fueron utilizados 14 como bibliografía. Predominaron los artículos publicados durante los últimos cinco años y otros por su relevancia.Desarrollo: los protocolos de bioseguridad antes de la aparición del Covid-19 estaban enfocados en evitar accidentes laborales, enfermedades propias de la profesión e infecciones cruzadas. El lavado de manos se difundía para los profesionales de la salud y para la población en general no era muy común. Luego de la detección del Covid-19 se mejoraron las condiciones de limpieza y bioseguridad dentro de la práctica odontológica, pacientes más informados, personal de limpieza eficaz, normas obligatorias lavado de manos, toma de temperatura, instrumental para cada paciente, normas estrictas de esterilización y limpieza de áreas de forma general.Conclusiones: antes de realizar un tratamiento el paciente se debe enjuagar la boca durante un minuto por peróxido de hidrógeno al 0,5 % o 1 % (tener precaución al prepararlo para evitar quemaduras en mucosa) o con Povidona al 0,2 % (tener cuidado con alérgicos a yodo).Introduction: in the case of dentistry, biosafety focuses on the procedures that’s hould be followed within the dental office in order to ensure the health and safety of both the dentist and his assistants, as well as the patient. These biosafety procedures in dentistry involve immunization strategies and also the prevention of exposure of dentists, assistants and patients to infectious materials.Objective: to describe the changes in biosafety measures in dentistry worldwide determined by the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.Methods: to carry out this research, 27 articles were consulted on the subject obtained from searches in databases such as Elsevier through Science Direct, Google Scholar and Scielo, of which 14  as a bibliography, with a predominance of articles published during the last five years and others due to their relevance.Development: biosafety protocols before the appearance of Covid-19 were focused on avoiding occupational accidents, occupational diseases and cross-infections. Hand washing was widespread among health professionals and was not very common among the general population. After the detection of Covid-19, cleaning and biosafety conditions within the dental practice were improved, more informed patients, effective cleaning staff, mandatory hand washing rules, temperature taking, instruments for each patient, strict sterilization rules and general cleaning of areas.Conclusions: before performing a treatment the patients hould rinse the mouth for one minute with hydrogen peroxide at 0,5 % -1 % (be careful when preparing it to avoid mucosal burns) or with Povidone at 0,2 % (be careful with those allergic to iodine)