Women at War: Understanding the Impacts of Combat on Women’s Educational Attainment

The article of record as published may be found at http://doi.org/10.1080/10242694.2018.1467104This paper offers a first view on the potential economic outcomes for American women serving along-side men in combat roles. Specifically, this paper examines the impact of deployment and exposure to intense combat for women who served in the most high-risk occupations open to them in Iraq and Afghanistan on their subsequent use of GI bill benefits for higher education. It also compares these women to men who served in the same capacities and women who served in lower risk occupations. Women in general, and in these occupations in particular, were more likely than their male counterparts to use the GI bill. Following deployment, this paper presents robust evidence that women in all capacities, and men, were more likely to use their GI bill benefits. Moreover, exposure to intense combat, which was far more likely to impact these women than other women, detracted from their propensity to use the GI bill. This negative impact on pursuit of higher education was similar for both men and women. Taken together, this paper provides evidence that deployment may benefit the young men and women alike who serve in the U.S. military, and that both suffer together when faced with exposure to intense fighting

Democratization and Civil War

Draft 6/4/2013This paper examines the impact of civil war on democracy. Drawing from the literature on war and democracy, we investigate the impact of prolonged violence, war termination, rebel victory, and international intervention on democratization. Using an unbalanced panel data set of 96 countries covering a 34-year period, our analysis suggests that civil war lowers democratization in the succeeding period. Our findings suggest that United Nations intervention increases democratization, as do wars ending in stalemates. However, wars ending in rebel victories seem to reduce democracy. These findings appear robust to conditioning, different instrument sets, and the measurement of democracy

Net Neutrality and Nonprofit Fundraising: Will It Affect Us, and If So How Much?

In 2015, the FCC issued its most sweeping order protecting net neutrality. Fast forward to today’s environment in which the FCC rolled back most net neutrality protections for consumers and producers of content on the Internet. The essence of such deregulation is that Internet service providers can discriminate among Internet users, allowing prioritization (for a price) in the transmission of their data. In this paper, we address different “discrimination” policies (regulatory regimes) to determine how they could affect nonprofits. We expect this research to inform nonprofits, policymakers, and consumers about technology and media policy for nonprofit organizations in the future

The Case for a Multi-Methodological, Cross-Disciplinary Approach to the Analysis of ICT Investment and Projects in the Developing World

This article makes the case for greater collaboration and communication between scholars and practitioners of information communications technology (ICT) for development projects and for the use of multi-methodological, cross-disciplinary approaches to understand what will make for more successful endeavors in this important arena, the necessity of which is reflected in the widespread use of public-private partnerships. To this end, we utilize both macro- and micro-level analyses to examine ICT investment in the developing world. The first research question—can ICT investment be shown to contribute to economic growth?—is addressed through econometric analysis. Though our model finds evidence to the affirmative, macro-level models often do not account for how ICT funds are employed, differentiate growth effects, or discern the characteristics of specific initiatives that make them more or less likely to succeed. This is where the case-study level of analysis becomes essential. This approach is used to address our second research question: whether successful strategies found among case studies can better inform policy prescription. To this end, we present a case study of a project based in rural Vietnam, followed by a summary of findings that unifies the lessons learned. In this way we intend to shed light on policy prescription, improve the outcomes of ICT initiatives, and present a first step in the mixed-methodological, cross-disciplinary direction

STRATEGI PENINGKATAN JAMINAN KEAMANAN DAN KEHALALAN PADA PRODUKSI JENANG APEL KOTA BATU

"RINGKASAN Konsumen di era sekarang semakin kritis terhadap kualitas produk dan transparansi informasi. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan tuntutan konsumen ke pelaku UMKM terkait jaminan keamanan dan kehalalan produk pangan semakin meningkat. UMKM skala mikro, kecil dan menengah mengalami berbagai kendala dalam implementasi jaminan aman dan halal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor hambatan dan menentukan prioritas strategi peningkatan implementasi jaminan keamanan dan kehalalan produksi jenang apel. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah eksploratif study dan metode Analytic Hierarchy Process AHP. Berdasarkan hasil study eksploratif pada 5 UMKM produksi produk olahan apel, terutama jenang apel terdapat beberapa faktor hambatan implementasi jaminan keamanan dan kehalalan secara berurutan yaitu kurangnya komitmen antara pemilik dan karyawan 15% (9/60), kurangnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan karyawan 13,33% (8/60), kurangnya pendidikan dan pelatihan karyawan 11,67% (7/60), program pra syarat tidak memadai dan kurangnya sarana pra sarana produksi 10% (6/60), kurangnya persiapan dokumen yang dibutuhkan dan tidak ada konsultan 8,33% (5/60), kurangnya sumber daya keuangan dan waktu implementasi terbatas 5% (3/60), rendahnya motivasi karyawan dan kurangnya dukungan pemerintah dan otoritas 3,33% (2/60). Produsen jenang apel harus meningkatkan komitmen antara pemilik dan karyawan pada implementasi jaminan keamanan dan kehalalan produk. Berdasarkan pembobotan nilai AHP level strategi, sub strategi dan alternative strategi pada strategi peningkatan jaminan keamanan produksi jenang apel, faktor yang diprioritaskan secara berurutan adalah faktor SDM (0,37), faktor kepercayaan konsumen (0,32) dan faktor meningkatkan kualitas jenang apel (0,18). Berdasarkan pembobotan nilai AHP level strategi, sub strategi dan alternative strategi pada strategi peningkatan jaminan kehalalan produk jenang apel secara berurutan adalah faktor SDM (0,37), faktor kepercayaan konsumen (0,37), dan faktor meningkatkan kualitas jenang apel (0,18). Produsen jenang apel harus memperhatikan sumber daya manusia sebagai penggerak untuk mewujudkan kepercayaan konsumen terhadap kualitas jenang apel dibuktikan dengan implementasi jaminan keamanan dan kehalalan produk. Kata Kunci: Produksi jenang apel, jaminan keamanan, jaminan kehalalan, eksploratif study, metode AHP

Colombia: Seeking Prosperity Through Peace

PreprintThe recent global transition to a more diffuse distribution of economic power points to a shift in the balance of global growth from rich to low- and middle- income economies. Colombia may be a prime example as its recent rapid per capita income growth of 10.2% on average since 1999 points to the potential for Colombia's convergence to the ranks of rich countries. However, Colombia's economic growth has been constrained by over 40 years of a costly and ineffective drug war policy that has failed. The illicit activity of drug production and trafficking grosses approximately $10-$20 billion a year; it does not enter into the GDP accounting. In addition, the FARC (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia) has stifled Colombia's drive towards economic prosperity. Barring the social and political impasse, the economy would flourish

Buying Bodies

Explores a variety of aspects that women in the sex-based work industry face. Provides insight on the history of these professions, and focuses on the health impacts it plays on women today. Discusses who is susceptible to this type of work and the criminalization of it. Spotlights the current forms of sex-work in society today.https://digitalcommons.butler.edu/spring_2023/1012/thumbnail.jp