POTENSI DAN KENDALA EKSPOR NONMIGAS JAWA TIMUR 1997-1998

Nilai ekspor non migas Jawa Timur pada tahum 1998 telah mencapai US$ 4.863.615.400,- atau terjadi peningkatan 12,87 persen dibanding tahun 1997 dengan tujuan utama ekspor ke Jepang, USA, Singapura dan Hongkong. Produk atau komoditi utama yang diekspor adalah kertas dan produknya, kayu prosesan, barang dari emas, tekstil dan produknya, udang segar beku dan lain-lainnya. Adapun kendala yang dihadapi adalah kurs valuta asing yang tidak stabil suku bunga tinggi, inflasi, kondisi perbankan yang tidak menguntungkan, proteksi' peraturan internasional yang bersifat non ekonomi dan persaingan tajam. Ekspor non migas Jawa Timur cukup kontributif dalam menghasilkan devisa namun struktur ekspornya belum mantap karena masih terkonsentrasi pada komoditas-komoditas tertentu (hasil-hasil industri) yang rawan gejolak. Memperhatikan potensi yang ada, maka pemerintah perlu mengambil kebijakan dan program utama untuk menciptakan iklim kondusif bagi perkembangan ekspor non migas Jawa Timur

Gendered Migration Patterns, Processes and Outcomes: Results from a Household Survey in Ponorogo, Indonesia

In terms of outcomes, migrant households are more likely to report a greater improvement of quality of life, which includes the overall economic, health and educational status of their household members, compared to five years earlier. International migrants send back larger remittances and a higher proportion of households with international migrants said that their overall quality of life was ‘easier’ than five years ago. These findings suggest that migration, especially international migration (to which women have easier access), has the potential to positively influence perceptions of quality of life for households involved in this study, although more in-depth analysis is needed to verify this premise. It is important to note that internal migration may also result in positive change for migrants and their families, although it may be at a slower rate and smaller in scale due to differences in income when compared to international migration.DFI

SMUGGLING IN INDONESIA'S CLOTHING INDUSTRY: ITS PREVALENCE, INCENTIVES, IMPACTS AND INSTITUTIONAL PROBLEMS

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

MAKRO EKONOMI INDONESIA: Perkembangan Terkini Dan Prospek 2005 Analisis Perkembangan Sektor Pertanian Analisis Transaksi Berjalan Model Makro Ekonomi Indonesia

xi,; 163 hlm,; 21 c

MAKRO EKONOMI INDONESIA

xii, 147 hlm.; 21 c

Impact of Catch-up Clubs in Conflict-Affected Myanmar: A Community-Led Remedial Learning Model

Myanmar faces a protracted learning crisis where the COVID-19 pandemic was compounded by a coup in February 2021, which furthered school closures. Save the Children created Catch-up Clubs (CuCs) to support children’s remedial learning in a matter of weeks and address barriers to children’s successful return to school in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. An innovative model that offers community-led, play-based literacy instruction to children grouped by ability, not age, CuCs assess children’s foundational literacy and Social and Emotional Learning (SEL), while addressing child protection and economic barriers to education. CuCs were piloted with over 3000 children in upper primary to lower secondary grades across 36 communities in the conflict-affected states of Rakhine and Kayin in Myanmar. This quasi-natural experimental impact evaluation investigated the cause-and-effect relationship between CuCs and children's literacy outcomes and SEL competencies. The study was contextually adapted to consider children affected by conflict, gender, socioeconomic status, and ethnicity. The results show that children who participated in CuCs had significantly higher literacy level and SEL competency than children who did not participate. Children participating in CuCs also showed greater self-confidence and educational aspirations to remain in education or continue their schooling to a higher level

Parental Migration and the Educational Enrolment of Left-Behind Children: Evidence From Rural Ponorogo, Indonesia

This paper examines the effects of parental migration on children's educational enrolment following the recent reforms in Indonesian educational policy. We find that, in general, parental migration has a positive impact on school enrolment, although this varies by the child's age and the gender of the migrant parent. Parental migration has an adverse impact on the school enrolment of younger children who are eligible for free education, but a positive impact on older children who are no longer able to access state educational support. The gender of the migrant parent matters, as paternal migration appears to have a more positive impact on children's educational enrolment than maternal migration. Maternal migration is associated with a reduction of younger children's likelihood of a being in school, while paternal migration makes no difference to their school enrolment. For older children, maternal migration has a lower positive impact compared to paternal migration. Our qualitative interviews also show mixed findings: some children appreciate their migrant mothers' migration efforts and are motivated to persevere in continuing education, while others are weighed down by their migrant mothers' sacrifice and develop a sense of obligation to reduce their financial burdens by leaving education early to enter paid employment.UK AidMigrating out of Povert