19 research outputs found

    A comparison between overweight cutoff points for detection of high blood pressure in adolescents

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    OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a acurácia de três pontos de corte na determinação da pressão arterial elevada em adolescentes, dada a forte relação entre o excesso de peso e valores elevados de pressão arterial. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 1.021 adolescentes de ambos os sexos, selecionados de maneira aleatória nas escolas públicas e particulares de Londrina (PR). O peso corporal foi aferido por meio de balança digital, e a estatura, por um estadiômetro portátil com extensão máxima de 2 metros. A pressão arterial foi avaliada através de um aparelho automático. A capacidade do índice de massa corporal de detectar a pressão arterial elevada foi averiguada por meio da curva ROC e seus parâmetros (sensibilidade, especificidade e área sob a curva). RESULTADOS: Os pontos de corte da proposta nacional apresentaram maior acurácia (masculino: 0,636±0,038; feminino: 0,585±0,043) quando comparados aos pontos de corte das propostas internacional (masculino: 0,594±0,040; feminino: 0,570±0,044) e norte-americana (masculino: 0,612±0,039; feminino: 0,578±0,044). CONCLUSÃO: A proposta nacional foi a que apresentou melhor acurácia na indicação de valores elevados de pressão arterial.OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy of three different cutoff points for the detection of high blood pressure in adolescents, given the strong relationship between overweight and high blood pressure levels. METHODS: A total of 1,021 adolescents of both sexes were enrolled in the study, selected at random from public and private schools in Londrina, Brazil. Their body weight was measured using a digital balance, and their height with a portable stadiometer with a maximum extension of 2 meters. Arterial blood pressure was measured using an automatic apparatus. The capacity of body mass index to detect high blood pressure was gauged using ROC curves and their parameters (sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve). RESULTS: The cutoff points proposed in a Brazilian standard exhibited greater accuracy (males: 0.636±0.038; females: 0.585±0.043) than the cutoff points proposed in an international (males: 0.594±0.040; females: 0.570±0.044) and a North-American standard (males: 0.612±0.039; females: 0.578±0.044). CONCLUSIONS: The Brazilian proposal offered greatest accuracy for indicating high blood pressure levels

    Effects of different resistance training frequencies on flexibility in older women

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    Objective The main purpose of the investigation reported here was to analyze the effect of resistance training (RT) performed at different weekly frequencies on flexibility in older women. Participants and methods Fifty-three older women (≥60 years old) were randomly assigned to perform RT either two (n=28; group “G2x”), or three (n=25; group “G3x”) times per week. The RT program comprised eight exercises in which the participants performed one set of 10–15 repetitions maximum for a period of 12 weeks. Anthropometric, body-composition, and flexibility measurements were made at baseline and post-study. The flexibility measurements were obtained by a fleximeter. Results A significant group-by-time interaction (P\u3c0.01) was observed for frontal hip flexion, in which G3x showed a higher increase than G2x (+12.8% and +3.0%, respectively). Both groups increased flexibility in cervical extension (G2x=+19.1%, G3x=+20.0%), right hip flexion (G2x=+14.6%, G3x=+15.9%), and left hip flexion (G2x=+25.7%, G3x=+19.2%), with no statistical difference between groups. No statistically significant differences were noted for the increase in skeletal muscle mass between training three versus two times a week (+7.4% vs +4.4%, respectively). Conclusion Twelve weeks of RT improves the flexibility of different joint movements in older women, and the higher frequency induces greater increases for frontal hip flexion

    Fatores associados ao excesso de peso entre adolescentes de diferentes redes de ensino do município de Presidente Prudente, São Paulo

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    OBJETIVO: analisar associações entre excesso de peso e fatores de risco familiares em diferentes âmbitos escolares. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo/analítico de delineamento transversal com 1779 adolescentes (11 a 17 anos) de ambos os sexos, da rede pública (n=1309) e privada de ensino (n=470). Foram avaliados os fatores familiares: sexo, condição econômica, número de irmãos/televisores e escolaridade dos pais. A razão de prevalência (RP) em modelo univariado e multivariado indicou a magnitude das associações analisadas. RESULTADOS: nas escolas particulares, o excesso de peso associou-se com a escolaridade paterna (RP= 0,68 [0,5-0,9]) e sexo masculino (RP= 1,38 [1,0-1,8]). Nas escolas públicas, com a escolaridade materna (RP= 1,42 [1,1-1,8]), menor número de irmãos (RP= 1,23 [0,9-1,5]) e sexo masculino (RP= 1,32 [1,6-1,6]). CONCLUSÕES: o excesso de peso associou-se com diferentes fatores familiares, dependendo da rede de ensino em que foi analisado.OBJECTIVE: to analyze associations between overweight and family risk factors in different school environments. METHODS: a descriptive/analytical cross-sectional study of 1779 adolescents (aged between 11 and 17 years) of both sexes in the public (n=1309) and private (n=470) education systems. Family factors evaluated included: sex, economic circumstances, number of siblings, number of televisions and level of schooling of parents. The prevalence ratio (PR) in a univariate and multivariate model suggested the scale of the associations under study. RESULTS: in private schools, overweight was associated with the level of schooling of the father (RP= 0.68 [0.5-0.9]) and with boys (RP= 1.38 [1.0-1.8]). In public schools it was associated with the level of schooling of the mother (RP= 1.42 [1.1-1.8]), having fewer siblings (RP= 1.23 [0.9-1.5]) and with boys (RP= 1.32 [1.6-1.6]). CONCLUSIONS: overweight is associated with different family factors depending on the kind of school.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

    The use of bioelectrical impedance to detect excess visceral and subcutaneous fat

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    objective: To analyze bioelectrical impedance performance in detecting the presence of excess visceral fat and overweight/obesity in young Brazilians and how its values are related with them.Methods: Study sample consisted of 811 adolescents of both genders (11 to 17 years of age). Nutritional status was determined based on triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), relative body fat (bioelectrical impedance), and excess visceral fat as determined by waist circumference. Statistical analysis was performed using means, standard deviations, linear correlation, Student's t test, and ROC curve.Results: Bioelectrical impedance achieved good performance in identifying excess visceral fat associated with overweight/obesity in both genders, and was found to be more specific (male 92.4% and female 93.8%) than sensitive (male 86.1% and female 71.8%).Conclusion: Our findings support the use of bioelectrical impedance to identify the presence of excess visceral and subcutaneous fat in adolescents

    Associação transversal entre hábitos alimentares saudáveis e não saudáveis e atividade física de lazer em adolescentes

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    OBJETIVO: Analisar associações entre dois domínios da atividade física de lazer e hábitos alimentares em adolescentes. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta por 1.630 adolescentes (46% do gênero masculino e 54% do gênero feminino). O nível de atividade física, o tempo de televisão (TV) e os comportamentos alimentares foram avaliados por entrevista, e, de acordo com o resultado da avaliação, os adolescentes foram classificados como fisicamente ativos, espectadores assíduos de TV, e engajados em dietas não saudáveis/saudáveis. RESULTADOS: Os adolescentes do gênero masculino foram mais ativos do que as do feminino (21,7 e 9,4%, respectivamente; p = 0,001), ao passo que o hábito de assistir TV foi mais frequente entre as meninas (44,0 e 29,2%; p = 0,001). Práticas de atividades físicas foram associadas com maior consumo de frutas (OR = 1,90; IC95% 1,39-2,60) e vegetais (OR = 1,48; IC95% 1,09-2,01), ao passo que o maior consumo de frituras (OR = 2,13; IC95% 1,64-2,77) e salgadinhos (OR = 1,91; IC95% 1,49-2,45) esteve associado ao hábito de assistir TV. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo epidemiológico apresenta informações indicando que os comportamentos ativo e inativo estiveram diferente e independentemente associados aos hábitos alimentares saudáveis e não saudáveis

    Characteristics of family nucleus as correlates of regular participation in sports among adolescents

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    Objectives To estimate the relationship between family nucleus and sport practice among adolescents.Methods A school-based cross-sectional study carried out with 1,752 Brazilian adolescents (812 male and 940 female), aged 11-17 years. Characteristics of the family nucleus (parental education, socioeconomic status and number of siblings) and sport practice (>= 240 min/week) were assessed by questionnaires. Adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated using Poisson regression models.Results The overall prevalence of sport practice was 14.8% (boys 21.2% and girls 9.4%, P = 0.001). Higher socioeconomic status, number of siblings and parents' educational level were associated with more sport practice.Conclusion Despite the low engagement, family nucleus plays an essential role in the sport practice of our sample of Brazilian adolescents

    The Association Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and High Blood Pressure in Adolescents: A School-Based Study

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    Objective: Although previous studies have analyzed the association between cardiovascular risk factors and blood pressure in adolescents, few studies conducted in developing countries analyzed whether the aggregation of risk factors contributes to an increased risk of high blood pressure in adolescents. The objective of this study was to assess the association between cardiovascular risk factors (including general overweight, abdominal obesity, high consumption of foods rich in fats, and insufficient physical activity levels) and high blood pressure in adolescents.Methods: This study was carried out from 2007 to 2008 with 1021 adolescents (528 girls) from primary schools located in the city of Londrina- Brazil. Blood pressure was assessed using an oscillometric device. General overweight was obtained through body mass index, abdominal obesity was assessed using waist circumference, and the consumption of foods rich in fat and physical activity were assessed using a questionnaire. The sum of these risk factors was determined.Results: Adolescents with three or four aggregated risk factors were more likely to have higher values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure when compared with adolescents who did not have any cardiovascular risk factors (P = 0.001 for both). Logistic regression indicated that groups of adolescents with 2 (OR = 2.46 [1.11-5.42]; P = 0.026), 3 (OR = 4.97 [2.07-11.92]; P = 0.001) or 4 risk factors (OR = 6.79 [2.24-19.9]; P = 0.001) presented an increased likelihood of high blood pressure.Conclusions: The number of cardiovascular risk factors was found to be related to high blood pressure in adolescents. (C) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

    Detecção de hipertensão arterial em adolescentes através de marcadores gerais e adiposidade abdominal

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    FUNDAMENTO: A obesidade está ligada à hipertensão arterial (HA) na infância. Entretanto, o papel da gordura como preditor de HA em adolescentes permanece desconhecido. OBJETIVO: Investigar a associação entre obesidade geral e abdominal com HA e identificar a sensibilidade e especificidade desses indicadores para detectar HA em adolescentes. MÉTODOS: A amostra consistiu em 1.021 adolescentes com idade de 10-17 anos. Os indivíduos foram classificados como normal, sobrepeso/obesidade, de acordo com as medidas do IMC, e como não-obeso com obesidade abdominal, de acordo com as medidas da circunferência da cintura (CC). A pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD) foi avaliada através de um dispositivo oscilométrico. Regressão logística e curvas ROC foram usadas na análise estatística. RESULTADOS: A prevalência geral de HA foi 11,8% (13,4% em meninos e 10,2% em meninas). A prevalência de HA em meninos e meninas com sobrepeso/obesidade foi 10% e 11,1%, respectivamente. A prevalência de HA em meninos com obesidade abdominal foi 28,6%. Para ambos os sexos, o odds ratio (OR) para HA foi mais alto na obesidade abdominal do que no sobrepeso/obesidade geral (4,09 [OR IC95% = 2,57-6,51]) versus 1,83 [OR IC95% = 1,83-4,30]). O OR para HA foi mais alto quando sobrepeso/obesidade geral e obesidade abdominal estavam agrupados (OR = 4,35 [OR IC95% = 2,68 -7,05]), do que quando identificados como sobrepeso/obesidade geral ou obesidade abdominal apenas (OR = 1,32 [OR IC95% = 0,65- 2,68]). Entretanto, ambos os tipos de obesidade apresentavam baixo poder preditivo na detecção de HA. CONCLUSÃO: Obesidade geral e obesidade abdominal foram associadas com HA; entretanto, a sensibilidade e especificidade dessas variáveis na detecção de HA são baixas em adolescentes brasileiros
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