Additional file 3: Figure S1. of Late Danubian mitochondrial genomes shed light into the Neolithisation of Central Europe in the 5th millennium BC

Deamination patterns: frequency of C to T transitions (red) at the 5′ends of reads (left) and frequency of G to A transitions (blue) at the 3′ends of reads (middle). and fragment length distribution of sequenced libraries (right). (JPG 974 kb

Additional file 1: Supplementary Text S1. of Late Danubian mitochondrial genomes shed light into the Neolithisation of Central Europe in the 5th millennium BC

Archaeological information on samples used in the study. (PDF 888 kb

Additional file 2: Table S1–S6. of Late Danubian mitochondrial genomes shed light into the Neolithisation of Central Europe in the 5th millennium BC

S1 List of all ancient individuals analyzed in the study and results of library screening, S2 Ancient comparative populations used in PCA and their mitochondrial haplogroups, S3 List of individuals used for FST and MDS, S4 Sequencing results of analyzed samples used for reconstruction of mitochondrial genomes, S5 Mutations against the RSRS as reported by haplofind found in acquired mitochondrial genomes, S6 results of AMOVA. (XLS 185 kb

ESM2

R_code for generation of the mortality profiles and Dirichlet simulations for correspondence analysis

ESM1: Mortality data based on dental eruption, replacement and wear stages.

Mortality data and site information for Apc-Berekalja (APC), Füzseabony-Gubakút (FUZ), Polgár-Piócási-dűlő (PPIO), Polgár-Ferenci-hát (PFER), Polgár-Csőszhalom-dűlő (PCSO), Tĕšetice-Kyjovice (TES), Hostivice-Sadová (HOS), Chotěbudice phase IIa (CHO1), Chotěbudice phase IIb (CHO2), Chotěbudice phase IIc-IIIa (CHO3), Chotěbudice phase IIIa-IIIb (CHO4), Černý Vůl (CER), Ludwinowo phase IIb (LUD1), Ludwinowo III (LUD2), Mold (MOLD), Eilsleben (EIL), Stephansposching (STE), Dillingen-Steinheim (WIK), Rosheim (ROS), Bischoffsheim (BIS1, 2, 3, 4), Herxheim-settlement (HEXs), Herxheim-ditch (HEXd), Etigny (ETI) and Balloy (BAL). Mortality data for the four production models (post-lactation and intensive milk, and meat) based on the archaeological sites: Bercy, Popină-Borduşani, Grimes Graves and La Montagne

ESM: Mortality profiles from sites

Supplementary figures: Mortality profiles from Apc-Berekalja, Füzseabony-Gubakút, Polgár-Piócási-dűlő, Polgár-Ferenci-hát, Polgár-Csőszhalom-dűlő (Hungary), Hostivice-Sadová, Chotěbudice, Černý Vůl, Tĕšetice-Kyjovice( Czech republic), Ludwinowo (Poland), Mold, Elisleben, Stephansposching, Dillingen-Steinheim, Herxheim (Germany), Rosheim, Balloy and Bischoffsheim (France)

ESM3: Legge age classes

Legge age classes for R_Cod

Mortality data based on dental eruption, replacement and wear stages.; R_code; Legge age classes for R code; Supplementary figures: Age-at-death profiles from studied sites from The evolution of dual meat and milk cattle husbandry in Linearbandkeramik societies

Mortality data based on dental eruption, replacement and wear for Apc-Berekalja (APC), Füzseabony-Gubakút (FUZ), Polgár-Piócási-dűlő (PPIO), Polgár-Ferenci-hát (PFER), Polgár-Csőszhalom-dűlő (PCSO), Tĕšetice-Kyjovice (TES), Hostivice-Sadová (HOS), Chotěbudice phase IIa (CHO1), Chotěbudice phase IIb (CHO2), Chotěbudice phase IIc-IIIa (CHO3), Chotěbudice phase IIIa-IIIb (CHO4), Černý Vůl (CER), Ludwinowo phase IIb (LUD1), Ludwinowo III (LUD2), Mold (MOLD), Eilsleben (EIL), Stephansposching (STE), Dillingen-Steinheim (WIK), Rosheim (ROS), Bischoffsheim (BIS1, 2, 3, 4), Herxheim-settlement (HEXs), Herxheim-ditch (HEXd), Etigny (ETI) and Balloy (BAL). Mortality data for the four husbandry models based on the cattle remains from Bercy, Popina-Bordusani, Grimes Graves and La Montagne.;R code for the gernating the mortality profiles and Dirichlet simulations for the correspondence analysis.;Legge (1992) age classes for the R code.;Mortality profiles for Apc-Berekalja (APC), Füzseabony-Gubakút (FUZ), Polgár-Piócási-dűlő (PPIO), Polgár-Ferenci-hát (PFER), Polgár-Csőszhalom-dűlő (PCSO), Tĕšetice-Kyjovice (TES), Hostivice-Sadová (HOS), Chotěbudice phase IIa (CHO1), Chotěbudice phase IIb (CHO2), Chotěbudice phase IIc-IIIa (CHO3), Chotěbudice phase IIIa-IIIb (CHO4), Černý Vůl (CER), Ludwinowo phase IIb (LUD1), Ludwinowo III (LUD2), Mold (MOLD), Eilsleben (EIL), Stephansposching (STE), Dillingen-Steinheim (WIK), Rosheim (ROS), Bischoffsheim (BIS1, 2, 3, 4), Herxheim-settlement (HEXs), Herxheim-ditch (HEXd), Etigny (ETI) and Balloy (BAL)

Changes in mean size through time for <i>Ovis</i>, <i>Capra</i>, <i>Bos</i>, and <i>Sus</i> (based on LSI of breadth and depth measurements)(for data see Tables S3–6).

<p>Vertical lines represent standard deviations. Colors reflect geographic location of site (after <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0099845#pone-0099845-g001" target="_blank">Fig. 1</a>). Values to the left of the vertical axis represent means for each region. Key sites are labeled (after <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0099845#pone-0099845-g001" target="_blank">Fig. 1</a>).</p

Plots showing relationship between body size (mean LSI) and %juvenile (based on long bone fusion) for <i>Ovis</i>, <i>Capra</i>, <i>Bos</i>, and <i>Sus</i> (for data see Tables S3–6).

<p>Colors reflect geographic location of site (after <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0099845#pone-0099845-g001" target="_blank">Fig. 1</a>). “W” indicates assemblages representing wild populations. Key sites are labeled (after <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0099845#pone-0099845-g001" target="_blank">Fig. 1</a>). For <i>Capra</i>, dark blue marks represent Zagros sites Asiab, ZC Shanidar, and Shanidar Mousterian.</p