On Money as a Means of Coordination between Network Packets

In this work, we apply a common economic tool, namely money, to coordinate network packets. In particular, we present a network economy, called PacketEconomy, where each flow is modeled as a population of rational network packets, and these packets can self-regulate their access to network resources by mutually trading their positions in router queues. Every packet of the economy has its price, and this price determines if and when the packet will agree to buy or sell a better position. We consider a corresponding Markov model of trade and show that there are Nash equilibria (NE) where queue positions and money are exchanged directly between the network packets. This simple approach, interestingly, delivers improvements even when fiat money is used. We present theoretical arguments and experimental results to support our claims

Bernoulli Regression Models: Re-examining Statistical Models with Binary Dependent Variables

The classical approach for specifying statistical models with binary dependent variables in econometrics using latent variables or threshold models can leave the model misspecified, resulting in biased and inconsistent estimates as well as erroneous inferences. Furthermore, methods for trying to alleviate such problems, such as univariate generalized linear models, have not provided an adequate alternative for ensuring the statistical adequacy of such models. The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the underlying probabilistic foundations of statistical models with binary dependent variables using the probabilistic reduction approach to provide an alternative approach for model specification. This re-examination leads to the development of the Bernoulli Regression Model. Simulated and empirical examples provide evidence that the Bernoulli Regression Model can provide a superior approach for specifying statistically adequate models for dichotomous choice processes.Bernoulli Regression Model, logistic regression, generalized linear models, discrete choice, probabilistic reduction approach, model specification, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods,

From the Boltzmann equation to fluid mechanics on a manifold

We apply the Chapman-Enskog procedure to derive hydrodynamic equations on an arbitrary surface from the Boltzmann equation on the surface

A Remark on the Global Solvability of the Cauchy Problem for Quasilinear Parabolic Equations

AbstractThe present paper is concerned with the global solvability of the Cauchy problem for the quasilinear parabolic equations with two independent variables: ut=a(t,x,u,ux)uxx+f(t,x,u,ux). We investigate the case of the arbitrary order of growth of the function f(t,x,u,p) with respect to p when |p|→+∞. Conditions which guarantee the global classical solvability of the problem are given

The Quality of Life of the Elderly in Surakarta, Central Java, and its Associated Biopsychosocial Factors

Background: The quality of life of the elderly is of major concern in Indonesia and worldwide as the aging population is increasing. Little is known about the association between biopsychosocial factors and the quality of life of the elderly in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the association between biopsychosocial factors including dementia, family support, peer support, type of residence, marital status, and the quality of life of the elderly in Surakarta, Central Java. Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Surakarta, Central Java. A total sample of 218 elderly people in Surakarta, was selected for this study by fixed exposure sampling, with 1:3 ratio consisting of 50 elderly people living in Dharma Bakti nursing home and 168 elderly people living with their families in the community. The dependent variable was health-related quality of life. The independent variables were dementia, family support, peer support, type of residence, and marital status. The data on the quality of life was measured by WHO-BREF. The data on the other variables were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by path analysis. Results: Better quality of life of the elderly showed a positive and direct association with strong peer support (b= 0.25, p<0.001), strong family support (b= 0.59, p= 0.002), mild dementia (b= 1.79, p<0.001), and being married (b= 12.73, p= 0.039). Better quality of life showed a positive but indirect association with strong peer support (b= 0.67, p= 0.012) and living with families (b= 22.93, p<0.001), through family support. Conclusion: Better quality of life of the elderly is directly associated with strong peer support, strong family support, mild dementia, and being married. It is indirectly associated with strong peer support and living with families. Keywords: quality of life, dementia, family support, peer support, elderl