A legal study of the criminal trial process under the adversarial system in Malaysia / Nurliyana Zainudin…[et al.]

This research was conducted to examine the weaknesses in the criminal trial process under the adversarial system in Malaysia. In particular, the failure to provide for a fair and speedy trial in the criminal trial has been discovered throughout the research. The weakness of the criminal trial process as mentioned above is insistence upon procedure and technical error, the judge inactive role either during pre-trial or trial process, lacking the competent judge in the judiciary, the practice of the general court and also the court's conventional system which mostly based on the manual system and involving papers and handwriting. The reformats had been made to the legislative and judicial practices, specifically the amendments to Criminal Procedure Code in 2006 and 2010 as well as the establishment of a 'special court' and new management system called E-court. Based on the present weaknesses of the criminal trial process under the adversarial systet:Jl in Malaysia, the study evaluates the effectiveness and efficacy of the changes introduced to the criminal trial process. It is the conclusion of this research that there are some advantages of the reforms to the criminal trial process. However, there are also disadvantages and limitation of the reformed criminal trial process. This is due to the lacking in the enforcement and implementation of the reforms. Even though there are still many issues pertaining to the efficiency of the criminal trial process, the reform to the system is applauded and should be continued to strive for betterment of the system

Colorectal cancer survival among Malaysia population: data from the Malaysian National Cancer Registry

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. It is the second leading cause of cancer death in men and women in Malaysia and poses a major burden on society.AimsTo determine the overall survival rate of patients diagnosed with CRC and factors contributing to survival.MethodsData were obtained from the Malaysia National Cancer Registry. All patients with CRC were identified, and a total of 15,515 patients were screened. A total of 5,675 CRC patients were included from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2016. Sex, age groups, ethnic groups, stage at diagnosis, cancer sites, and status of treatment received were analysed. The Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed to estimate the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival of CRC. The log-rank test was conducted to compare the survival between sex, age groups, ethnic groups, stage at diagnosis, cancer sites, and status of treatment received. Multiple Cox regression was conducted to determine the risk of CRC death.ResultsOf 5,675, a total of 2,055 had died, 3,534 were censored, and another 86 were still alive within 5 years of CRC diagnosis. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 68.5%, 34.7%, and 18.4%, respectively with a median survival time of 24 months. Significant differences in survival rates of CRC were observed between age groups (p < 0.001), ethnic groups (p < 0.001), stages at diagnosis (p < 0.001), treatment status (p = 0.003), and treatment modalities (p < 0.001). No significant difference was observed in survival rates of CRC between sex (p = 0.235) and cancer sites (p = 0.410). Those who were 80 years old and above were found to be at higher risk of CRC death compared to those below 80 years old (adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 1.24, 95% CI 1.14–1.36). The risk of CRC death was also found four times higher among those with stage IV compared to those with stage 0 (adjusted HR: 4.28, 95% CI 3.26–5.62).ConclusionIn general, Malaysian patients with CRC had low survival rates. National health policies should focus on enhancing awareness of CRC, encouraging early screening, and developing strategies for early detection and management to reduce CRC-associated mortality

A.F.D / Nur Nadhirah Abdul Karim …[et al.]

Automated food distributor (AFD) was designed to distribute food to dairy animal using an automatic system which is conveyor belt and mixer that functioning to distribute and process animal's food. This process also controlled by a timer to set up time of foods distribution to the cell of the shelter. The inspiration comes from the interviewed with dairy farmers that give students an idea to do innovation in term of work efficiency and quality in terms of food distribution concept and food processing. The idea came from the research conducted by the publication, online portal, and the dairy farmer themselves. The approach was decided on the basis of all the questionnaire, interview and analysis from the problems faced by the dairy farmer. Automated Food Distributor (AFD) helps to efficiently conduct the feeding time, minimizing the number of workers, thus also reducing costs and ultimately saving the workers ' time and energy. Food time became efficient because the farmer simply had to put the grass in the mixer and mix the grass in the pallet. The mixture would then collapse into the tank on the conveyor belt. Until the livestock, the conveyor must shift and stop. The timer can be programmed and changed by the farmers as they wish. This system will continue to reduce the amount of resources required and save time as well

Professional health: obesity status and 24-hours diet recall of health-staff working at selected three primary care clinics in Kuantan, Malaysia

Obesity statistics in Malaysia rank sixth with highest adult obesity rate in Asia. Therapeutic Lifestyle-Change diet (TLC-Diet) is advised by health-practitioners to over-weight/obese patients as one component of lifestyle modification therapy. However, there is limited data on obesity-status and diet-patterns among health-practitioners who are dealing with obese-patients in primary-care

Professional health : Obesity status and 24-hours diet recall of health-staff working at selected three primary care clinics in Kuantan, Pahang

Obesity statics in Malaysia rank sixth with highest adult obesity rate in Asia. Therapeutic Lifestyle-change diet (TLC-Diet) is advised by health practitioners to over-weight/obese patients as one component of lifestyle modification therapy. However, there is limited data on obesity-status and diet-pattern among health-practitioners who are dealing with obese-patients in primary-care

STrengthening the Reporting Of Pharmacogenetic Studies: Development of the STROPS guideline

Large sample sizes are often required to detect statistically significant associations between pharmacogenetic markers and treatment response. Meta-analysis may be performed to synthesize data from several studies, increasing sample size and, consequently, power to detect significant genetic effects. However, performing robust synthesis of data from pharmacogenetic studies is often challenging because of poor reporting of key data in study reports. There is currently no guideline for the reporting of pharmacogenetic studies that has been developed using a widely accepted robust methodology. The objective of this project was to develop the STrengthening the Reporting Of Pharmacogenetic Studies (STROPS) guideline