Research Notes : Turkey : Screening of some soybean varieties for resistance to whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.)

There are approximately 70,000 hectares soybean planted area in Aegean, Mediterranean, and Southeastern Anatolian regions of Turkey. These regions have the most productive land of Turkey. The main crops in these areas are cotton and wheat

Research Notes : Turkey : Double-crop soybean production techniques in Turkey

Turkey is located between 36° and 42° N latitude. Syria, Iraq, and the Mediterranean Sea border Turkey on the south; the Black Sea on the north; Russia and Iran on the east; and the Aegean Sea, Greece and Bulgaria on the west. The country has a total area of 77.9 million hectares. Approximately 36% is cultivated, 26% is pasture and meadow land, and the remaining 38% is forest or unproductive land (Tarimsal Yapi ve Uretim, 1984)

Research Notes : Turkey : Research on growing possibilities of some determinate soybean varieties as a second crop in Cukurova, Turkey

Cukurova region, located in 37°19\u27N latitude, extends from the Hatay province in the east to the i~el province in the west; from the Mediterranean Sea in the south to the Tourus Mountains in the north. It has 1.2 million hectares arable land; 1.1 million ha of land is used for growing field crops. Cukurova region has the most productive land of Turkey. For this reason, more than 50% of the arable land is irrigated and main crops are cotton and wheat

Research Notes : Turkey : Effect of cheese whey as a fertilizer on the increase of soybean nodules

Cheese whey, a dairy by-product with an estimated world production of 72 million tons, is a polluter to the environment if it is not treated before disposal. Among some practical and simple uses of whey is the use of it as a liquid fertilizer, which was the case in the pastures of USA and many other countries in the 1960s (Ryder, 1980). Since whey contains 50-55% of the dry matter of whole milk, it is rich in organic carbohydrate, fat, and some proteins and inorganic matter (mineral matter) and also in mostly lactic acid bacteria; 3 tons of whey equals 1 ton of animal fertilize

Essays on Reverse Leveraged Buyouts

This dissertation studies target capital structure, transitory debt and corporate governance applications in private equity firms portfolio companies by utilizing a unique sample of reverse leveraged buyouts (reverse LBOs). In chapter 1, I investigate target capital structure and transitory debt. I show that firms follow target capital structures and they quickly reduce their debt ratios to levels near target ratios at the time of the reverse LBO. A minority of firms in the sample increase debt significantly after the reverse LBO. In accordance with the transitory debt hypothesis, these firms value the option to borrow and decrease their debt levels accordingly so that they can preserve the option to borrow for future. When the firms have valuable investment options, they once again issue transitory debt deliberately but temporarily, they move away from their target leverage ratios, use the proceeds from the issue mainly for investment purposes, and they revert back to the target leverage levels gradually. In chapter 2, I investigate the corporate governance structures employed by private equity firms in their portfolio companies. I show that, compared to the control firms, RLBO firms prefer to be incorporated in Delaware and have unitary boards, have younger board members with shorter tenures, have more financial experts on their boards, have CEOs with shorter tenures, prefer busy board members and busy boards. They also have smaller number of members on their boards, compared to previous findings from earlier decades. In addition, the majority of board members are effectively monitoring directors and the majority of board members on various committees of the boards are independent directors. In addition, firms are associated with high ownership by blockholders, high total managerial ownership, and low CEO ownership. Lastly, the evidence suggests that top executives and CEOs of RLBO firms do not receive significantly higher levels of compensation compared to control firms. Also, RLBO firms usually prefer to pay a higher fraction of total compensation in form of bonuses, and less in the form of stock option grants.Ph.D., Finance -- Drexel University, 201

Lipoatrophic Diabetes and Other Related Syndromes

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/47855/1/11154_2004_Article_5109163.pd

THE EFFECT OF HARVESTING TIMES ON OIL AND FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF PEANUT VARIETIES GROWN IN MAIN CROPPED CONDITION IN CUKUROVA REGION (MEDITERRANEAN AREA) IN TURKEY

This study was conducted at the experimental area of the Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University as a main crop in 2015. The objective of this study was to determinate the effect of harvesting dates on oil and fatty acid composition of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties grown in main cropped condition in Cukurova region. The experimental design was a split plot with three replications. The Halisbey, Sultan, Arioglu-2003, Osmaniye-2005, NC-7, Batem-5025, Flower 22, Flower-32, Flower-36, Brantley and Wilson peanut varieties (Virginia market type) were used as a plant material in this research. The plants were harvested at 149, 156, 163 and 170 days after sowing (DAS). Oil and fatty acids (palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid and lignoceric acid) content and Oleic acid to Linoleic acid ratio (O/L) of peanut varieties were investigated. As a result, the oil percentage of peanut varieties was increased from 47.8% to 50.3% when the harvesting delayed from 149 DAS to 170 DAS. While the palmitic and linoleic acid percentage was decreasing, the stearic and oleic acid percentage was increased when the harvesting delayed from 149 DAS to 170 DAS in peanut varieties. The others fatty acids were not affected by the harvesting time

Established and emerging treatments for diabetes-associated lower urinary tract dysfunction

Dysfunction of the lower urinary tract (LUT) including urinary bladder and urethra (and prostate in men) is one of the most frequent complications of diabetes and can manifest as overactive bladder, underactive bladder, urinary incontinence, and as aggravated symptoms of benign prostate hyperplasia. We have performed a selective literature search to review existing evidence on efficacy of classic medications for the treatment of LUT dysfunction in diabetic patients and animals, i.e., α1-adrenoceptor and muscarinic receptor antagonists, β3-adrenoceptor agonists, and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. Generally, these agents appear to have comparable efficacy in patients and/or animals with and without diabetes. We also review effects of antidiabetic medications on LUT function. Such studies have largely been performed in animal models. In the streptozotocin-induced models of type 1 diabetes, insulin can prevent and reverse alterations of morphology, function, and gene expression patterns in bladder and prostate. Typical medications for the treatment of type 2 diabetes have been studied less often, and the reported findings are not yet sufficient to derive robust conclusions. Thereafter, we review animal studies with emerging medications perhaps targeting diabetes-associated LUT dysfunction. Data with myoinositol, daidzein, and with compounds that target oxidative stress, inflammation, Rac1, nerve growth factor, angiotensin II receptor, serotonin receptor, adenosine receptor, and soluble guanylyl cyclase are not conclusive yet, but some hold promise as potential treatments. Finally, we review nonpharmacological interventions in diabetic bladder dysfunction. These approaches are relatively new and give promising results in preclinical studies. In conclusion, the insulin data in rodent models of type 1 diabetes suggest that diabetes-associated LUT function can be mostly or partially reversed. However, we propose that considerable additional experimental and clinical studies are needed to target diabetes itself or pathophysiological changes induced by chronic hyperglycemia for the treatment of diabetic uropathy