1,390 research outputs found
Tunneling of ultracold atoms in time-independent potentials
We present theoretical as well as experimental results on resonantly enhanced
quantum tunneling of Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices both in the
linear case of single particle dynamics and in the presence of atom-atom
interactions. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of condensates in optical
lattices for the dynamical control of tunneling and for simulating Hamiltonians
originally used for describing solid state phenomena.Comment: slightly amended version published as ch. 11 of a book edited by S.
Keshavamurthy and P. Schlagheck with the title "Dynamical Tunneling: Theory
and Experiment
Correlation functions for a Bose-Einstein condensate in the Bogoliubov approximation
In this article we introduce a differential equation for the first order
correlation function of a Bose-Einstein condensate at T=0. The
Bogoliubov approximation is used. Our approach points out directly the
dependence on the physical parameters. Furthermore it suggests a numerical
method to calculate without solving an eigenvector problem. The
equation is generalized to the case of non zero temperature.Comment: 9 pages, ps format. This article was published in EPJD vol. 14(1)
(2001), pp.105-11
Bose-Einstein condensates in 1D optical lattices: nonlinearity and Wannier-Stark spectra
We present our experimental investigations on the subject of
nonlinearity-modified Bloch-oscillations and of nonlinear Landau-Zener
tunneling between two energy bands in a rubidium Bose Einstein condensate in an
accelerated periodic potential. Nonlinearity introduces an asymmetry in
Landau-Zener tunneling. We also present measurements of resonantly enhanced
tunneling between the Wannier-Stark energy levels for Bose-Einstein condensates
loaded into an optical lattice.Comment: Chapter of "Nonlinearities of Periodic Structures and Metamaterials"
(edited by C. Denz, S. Flach, and Yu. Kivshar) to be published by Springe
Multi-orbital bosons in bipartite optical lattices
We study interacting bosons in a two dimensional bipartite optical lattice.
By focusing on the regime where the first three excited bands are nearly
degenerate we derive a three orbital tight-binding model which captures the
most relevant features of the bandstructure. In addition, we also derive a
corresponding generalized Bose-Hubbard model and solve it numerically under
different situations, both with and without a confining trap. It is especially
found that the hybridization between sublattices can strongly influence the
phase diagrams and in a trap enable even appearances of condensed phases
intersecting the same Mott insulating plateaus.Comment: Minor change
Two-photon and EIT-assisted Doppler cooling in a three-level cascade system
Laser cooling is theoretically investigated in a cascade three-level scheme,
where the excited state of a laser-driven transition is coupled by a second
laser to a top, more stable level, as for alkali-earth atoms. The second laser
action modifies the atomic scattering cross section and produces temperatures
lower than those reached by Doppler cooling on the lower transition. When
multiphoton processes due to the second laser are relevant, an electromagnetic
induced transparency modifies the absorption of the first laser, and the final
temperature is controlled by the second laser parameters. When the intermediate
state is only virtually excited, the dynamics is dominated by the two-photon
process and the final temperature is determined by the spontaneous decay rate
of the top state.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures. Revised version, accepted for publication in
Phys. Rev A (Rapid Comm.
Four-level N-scheme crossover resonances in Rb saturation spectroscopy in magnetic fields
We perform saturated absorption spectroscopy on the D line for room
temperature rubidium atoms immersed in magnetic fields within the 0.05-0.13 T
range. At those medium-high field values the hyperfine structure in the excited
state is broken by the Zeeman effect, while in the ground state hyperfine
structure and Zeeman shifts are comparable. The observed spectra are composed
by a large number of absorption lines. We identify them as saturated
absorptions on two-level systems, on three-level systems in a V configuration
and on four-level systems in a N or double-N configuration where two optical
transitions not sharing a common level are coupled by spontaneous emission
decays. We analyze the intensity of all those transitions within a unified
simple theoretical model. We concentrate our attention on the double-N
crossovers signals whose intensity is very large because of the symmetry in the
branching ratios of the four levels. We point out that these structures,
present in all alkali atoms at medium-high magnetic fields, have interesting
properties for electromagnetically induced transparency and slow light
applications.Comment: Submitted to Physical Review
Gain without inversion in quantum systems with broken parities
For a quantum system with broken parity symmetry, selection rules can not
hold and cyclic transition structures are generated. With these
loop-transitions we discuss how to achieve inversionless gain of the probe
field by properly setting the control and auxiliary fields. Possible
implementations of our generic proposal with specific physical objects with
broken parities, e.g., superconducting circuits and chiral molecules, are also
discussed.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
- …