Profil Permeabilitas Berdasarkan Struktur Morfologi Membran Polietersulfon Pada Pemekatan Larutan Tokoferol

Separation technique by membrane technology has been widely applied for separation and purification of minor components from vegetable oil. Membrane was prepared and modified in several way in order to improve the filtration performance in purification process of vegetable oil. In this work, the filtration performance of three types of polyethersulfone hollow fiber membrane was investigated. The main objective of this research was to study the effect of membranes type on the filtration performance of tocopherol solution. Three series of filtration experiment were conducted by using fabricated membrane by dissolving of polyethersulfone (PES) in N-methyl pyrrolydone (NMP) with different polymer composition. The membranes was M1 = PES 20 % + NMP, M2 = PES 18 % + NMP, and M3= PES 20 %+ Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP 5 %) + NMP. The difference structure of membrans was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy measurement. The permeability profile of tocopherol solution of 500 ppm was observed by using a single module of hollow fiber membrane with filtration flow of pressure driven inside (PDI). It is shown that, the permeability of tocopherol solution was maximum and stable using PES membrane was composed by M3 system. Moreover, the improvement of tocopherol concentration in retentate solution was about two times higher than that the original solution that was obtained from filtration system of M1 membrane

Membran Polisulfon untuk Pengolahan Air: Dengan dan Tanpa Pra Perlakuan Koagulasi secara Ultrafiltrasi

Membran polisulfon untuk pengolahan air telah dilakukan untuk mengurangi warna air dengan proses koagulasi dan tanpa proses koagulasi. Membran ultrafiltrasi polisulfone telah dikarakte-risasi dengan mengukur fluks, permeability (Lp), dan MWCO dengan bebagai variasi berat molekul dekstran. Morfologi membran diobservasi dengan scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Analisis SEM dilakukan terhadap permukaan membran dan penampang melintang membran. Proses koagulasi optimum dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat jar test, diperoleh kondisi optimum pada 50 ppm Al2(SO4)3 dan pH 7. Indeks warna rejeksi diperoleh dengan koagulasi adalah 85% dan tanpa koagulasi adalah 62%

Antimicrobial Activity of Hand Lotion of Flower Mimusops elengi

BACKGROUND: Aceh is a tropical region that is very many overgrown by various plants that have medicinal properties; one of them is M. elengi. M. elengi flower extract has the main content of triterpene and alcohol, that have antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and antineoplastic activity. Extraction of chemical compounds containing essential oils generally uses distillation, and get the small amounts of chemical compounds, while the maceration with n-hexane solvent, producing less active nonpolar compounds against S. aureus bacteria. AIM: Isolating the methanol extract from M. elengi flowers and test its antibacterial and antifungal activity. Furthermore, extracts with active concentrations are made into a lotion. METHODS: Methanol extract from M. elengi flower was characterised by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, then tested for antibacterial and antifungal, then made into the lotion. The lotion was tested again for its antimicrobial activity, physical and organoleptic properties. RESULTS: The most abundant chemical compounds in an extract of M. elengi based on characterisation with GC-MS is Borneol L; (Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl, as much as 82%). The methanol extract of M. elengi flower can inhibit the growth of S. aureus bacteria and C. albicans fungi, and also the lotion from methanol extract can inhibit the growth of S. aureus bacteria, but the M. elengi flower extract lotion cannot inhibit the growth of C. albicans fungi. The lotion inhibits the growth of S. aureus bacteria, from a concentration of methanol extract of 8% and 16%. Lotion with 16% methanol extract has 81.33% in activity power compared with positive control. The results of physical and organoleptic properties test, with the concentration of methanol extract of M. elengi 1, 2, 8, and 16%, have pH in the range of 6.6-8 (still in a safe range, 4.5-9 according to SNI 16-4399-1997). The lotion type is m/a, the spreading capacity of the lotion is 18.8 - 39.5 cm2. The power of adhesive at skin ranges from 1 minute 27 seconds to 3 minutes 7 seconds. The viscosity of the lotion ranges from 23,670-24,400 cP, this range is in the range based on SNI 16-4399-1996 (2000-50,000 cP), so the lotion is in a good category. The preferred lotion is at a concentration of 2%, in fragrance. CONCLUSION: Antibacterial activity of the lotion of methanol extract of M. elengi flower against S. aureus bacteria was the best at 16%, but could not inhibit the growth of C. albicans fungi. The most abundant compounds in methanol extract are Borneol L compounds; (Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl. In general, the physical properties of this lotion meet the requirements of SNI16-4399-1996, SNI 16-4399-1997, and lotions which are preferred at a concentration of 2% in fragrance

Effect of Polymeric Additives on the Performances of Polyethersulfone Blend Hollow Fiber Membrane

The article reported the preparation and modification of hydrophobicpolyethersulfone (PES) by blending the solution with hydrophilic additives Tetronic 304, Tetronic 704, Tetronic 1307, and Tetronic 908. Polymeric porous membranes are generally prepared by the phase separation of polymer solution. In this work, we prepared hollow fibre membrane by non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS). Effect of molecular weight of surfactant added on the performance and characteristic of fabricated membrane were investigated. The control PES membrane has the highest contact angle, indicating thelowest hydrophilic. With addition of surfactant Tetronic in the polymer blend hollow fibre membrane, the water contact angle decreased indicates that the membrane surface is more hydrophilic. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images for all of the membrane showed the structure of fibre with finger-like macro voids through the cross-section. The sponge-type of structure in the centre path of original membrane was disappearing with addition of Tetronic. Ultrafiltration experiment results showed that water permeability washighest with addition of Tetronic with lowest molecular weight. According to thecharacteristics of resulting membrane such as hydrophilicity, ultrafiltration performance, and pores structure, surfactant Tetronic was a good additive to produce hydrophilic membrane for drinking water applicatio

Kombinasi Proses Koagulasi dan Sistem Ultrafiltrasi dengan Membran Poliakrilonitril untuk Pemurnian Air Berwarna

Penelitian pengolahan air berwarna berdasarkan proses koagulasi dan ultrafiltrasi dengan membran poliakrilonitril (PAN) telah dilakukan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk membuat dan mengevaluasi karakteristik membran PAN untuk aplikasi pada pengolahan air berwarna. Membran PAN berbentuk plat dibuat dengan melarutkan polimer PAN kedalam dimetilformamida (DMF). Konsentrasi PAN divariasikan pada 15, 20, dan 25 (% berat). Membran yang dihasilkan selanjutnya dikarakterisasi untuk parameter struktur morfologi dengan scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fluks dan rejeksi larutan menggunakan modul filtrasi tipe dead-end. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) membran menggunakan larutan dekstran dengan berat molekul 9500, 19500, dan 39000 Da. Hasil uji SEM menunjukkan bahwa membran mempunyai pori dengan struktur asimetrik. Uji ultrafiltrasi yang diawali dengan proses koagulasi dapat merejek warna air 92,5%, dengan perolehan fluks mencapai 364,8 ml/m2.s

Pengolahan limbah pabrik kopi secara koagulasi

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Pengurangan limbah minyak dengan adsorben biomassa

V+37hlm.;29c

Uji aktivitas oviposition deterrent dan larvasida ekstrak tumbuhan vitex trifolia terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes Aegypti

xiv+69hlm.;29c

Pengolahan limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit dengan sistem hybrid anaerobik dan elektrofenton

ix, 55 hlm. ; 29 c