Testimony Regarding the First Amendment Defense Act (FADA)

My testimony today is delivered on behalf of twenty leading legal scholars who have joined me in providing an in depth analysis of the meaning and likely effects of the First Amendment Defense Act (FADA), were it to become law. We feel particularly compelled to provide testimony to this Committee because the first legislative finding set out in FADA declares that: “Leading legal scholars concur that conflicts between same-sex marriage and religious liberty are real and should be addressed through legislation.” As leading legal scholars we must correct this statement: we do not concur that conflicts between same-sex marriage and religious liberty are real, nor do we hold the view that any such conflict should be addressed through legislation. On the contrary, we maintain that religious liberty rights are already well protected in the U.S. Constitution and in existing federal and state legislation, rendering FADA both unnecessary and harmful

“A General Separation of Colored and White”: the WWII riots, military segregation, and racism(s) beyond the White/Nonwhite binary

This article uses archival research to explore important differences in the discursive and institutional positioning of Mexican American and African American men during World War II. Through the focal point of the riots which erupted in Los Angeles and other major cities in the summer of 1943, I examine the ways in which black and Mexican ‘rioters’ were imagined in official and popular discourses. Though both groups of youth were often constructed as deviant and subversive, there were also divergences in the ways in which their supposed racial difference was discursively configured. I also consider the experiences of each group in the WWII military, a subject that has received little attention in previous work on the riots. Though both groups were subject to discrimination and brutality on the home front, only African Americans were segregated in the military - a fact that profoundly influenced the 1943 riots. Examining the very different conditions under which these men served, as well as the distinct ways in which their presence within the military and on the home front was interpreted and given meaning by press, law enforcement and military officials helps to illuminate the uneven and complex workings of racism in America, disrupting the common conceptualization of a definitive white/nonwhite color line

As the Alligator Knows: Trials of Racial Identity in America

https://scholarship.law.bu.edu/clark_speakers/1029/thumbnail.jp

As the Alligator Knows: Trials of Racial Identity in America

https://scholarship.law.bu.edu/clark_speakers/1029/thumbnail.jp

Pandora\u27s Box: Slave Character on Trial in the Antebellum Deep South

Jurists in the antebellum American South considered slaves to have the double character of person and property under the law, which generally meant that slaves were persons when accused of a crime, and property the rest of the time. Indeed, when slave buyers felt their newly acquired human property to be defective physically or morally, they sued the sellers for breach of warranty - just as they would over a defective horse or piece of machinery. Similarly, slave owners sued hirers, overseers, and other white men who beat or neglected their slaves for damage to their property. Yet in these mundane civil disputes, the parties in the courtroom brought into question, and gave legal meaning to, the character as well as the resistant behavior of enslaved people who persisted in acting as people. Of course, horses could run away or be recalcitrant without being human, leading one historian to suggest that slaves influenced the law merely in the way that horses influenced the law. Indeed, some legal historians have denied the existence of any person/property tension in the law of slavery at all, arguing that slaves were simply property with human qualities. From this perspective, any contradictions in slavery law can be explained by slaveholders\u27 efforts to shape the law instrumentally to serve their own economic interests. Yet to argue that there were tensions in the law is not to suggest that the law did not bolster the slave economy, nor is it to suggest that the typical Southern slaveholder or jurist suffered great angst over treating people as things. Rather, I will argue that slaves themselves influenced the law far more than things or horses ever could. In civil disputes such as warranty suits, slaves forced the law to consider their character, challenging slaveholders\u27 self-conception as masters and statesmen. In other words, these cases mattered to white Southerners because their self-understandings as white masters depended on their relationships to black slaves; putting black character on trial called white character into question as well

Catalytic Combustion of Diesel Soot: Experimental Design for Laboratory Testing

In order to abate diesel soot particles many catalysts have been studied at several industrial and academic laboratories. However, the comparison of kinetic data obtained with such catalysts is not straightforward, due to the different experimental conditions used in the activity measurement carried out by each research group. Temperature-programmed analysis is the most common technique used to determine catalytic activity for soot oxidation. For a given catalyst, the temperature-programmed oxidation profile depends on variables such as heating rate, oxygen partial pressure, gas flow rate, catalyst:soot weight ratio, type of contact between the catalyst and the soot, and existence of energy and/or mass transfer limitations during the analysis. This work presents a systematic study of the influence of all these testing variables on the TPO profile, and the optimum testing conditions to obtain good reproducibility during the kinetic study. Both experimental and computer simulation results are included to assist researchers in the comparison of results obtained under different experimental conditions.Fil: Peralta, María Ariela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica "Ing. José Miguel Parera". Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica "Ing. José Miguel Parera"; ArgentinaFil: Gross, Martin Sebastian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica "Ing. José Miguel Parera". Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica "Ing. José Miguel Parera"; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez, Barbara Sabrina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica "Ing. José Miguel Parera". Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica "Ing. José Miguel Parera"; ArgentinaFil: Querini, Carlos Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica "Ing. José Miguel Parera". Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica "Ing. José Miguel Parera"; Argentin