The effect of failure versus success on interdependence predominance (Study 3).

<p>The effect of failure versus success on interdependence predominance (Study 3).</p

The effect of failure versus success on interdependence predominance (Study 4).

<p>The effect of failure versus success on interdependence predominance (Study 4).</p

Means by gun ownership and Orlando.

<p>Asterisks represent a significant pre-post-Orlando difference (within gun ownership group). ** p < .01, * p < .05, ^† p < .06.</p

Ratings of the advisee's arrogance by the outcome and the manner of his/her behavior (Study 5).

<p>Ratings of the advisee's arrogance by the outcome and the manner of his/her behavior (Study 5).</p

Ratings of the advisee's arrogance by his/her relative expertise by his/her manner (Study 4).

<p>Ratings of the advisee's arrogance by his/her relative expertise by his/her manner (Study 4).</p

Evidence for arrogance: On the relative importance of expertise, outcome, and manner

<div><p>Arrogant behavior is as old as human nature. Nonetheless, the factors that cause people to be perceived as arrogant have received very little research attention. In this paper, we focused on a typical manifestation of arrogance: dismissive behavior. In particular, we explored the conditions under which a person who dismissed advice would be perceived as arrogant. We examined two factors: the advisee’s competence, and the manner in which he or she dismissed the advice. The effect of the advisee’s competence was tested by manipulating two competence cues: relative expertise, and the outcome of the advice dismissal (i.e., whether the advisee was right or wrong). In six studies (<i>N</i> = 1304), participants made arrogance judgments about protagonists who dismissed the advice of another person while the advisees’ relative expertise (compared to the advisor), their eventual correctness, and the manner of their dismissal were manipulated in between-participant designs. Across various types of decisions and advisee-advisor relationships, the results show that less expert, less correct, and ruder advisees are perceived as more arrogant. We also find that outcome trumps expertise, and manner trumps both expertise and outcomes. In two additional studies (<i>N</i> = 101), we examined people’s naïve theories about the relative importance of the aforementioned arrogance cues. These studies showed that people overestimate the role of expertise information as compared to the role of interpersonal manner and outcomes. Thus, our results suggest that people may commit arrogant faux pas because they erroneously expect that their expertise will justify their dismissive behavior.</p></div

Ratings of the advisee's arrogance by his/her relative expertise by his/her manner (Study 4).

<p>Ratings of the advisee's arrogance by his/her relative expertise by his/her manner (Study 4).</p

Sapplemental_material – Supplemental material for Who Is Most Likely to Wear Rose-Colored Glasses? How Regulatory Mode Moderates Self-Flattery

<p>Supplemental material, Sapplemental_material for Who Is Most Likely to Wear Rose-Colored Glasses? How Regulatory Mode Moderates Self-Flattery by Svetlana Komissarouk, Marina Chernikova, Arie W. Kruglanski and E. Tory Higgins in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin</p

Ratings of the advisee’s arrogance.

<p>Ratings of the advisee’s arrogance.</p

Labels assigned to the advisee’s behavior by outcome by the advisee’s expertise.

<p>Labels assigned to the advisee’s behavior by outcome by the advisee’s expertise.</p