EFEKTIVITAS SALEP JINTAN HITAM (Nigella Sativa) PADA PROSES PENYEMBUHAN LUKA PERINEUM RUPTURE IBU NIFAS

Latar Belakang : Penyebab kematian maternal di Indonesia terkait persalinan adalah infeksi 11% berawal dari penatalaksanaan ruptur perineum yang kurang baik. Sekitar 85% wanita yang melahirkan spontan pervaginam mengalami trauma perineum, sebanyak 1% mengalami infeksi. Ruptur perineum perlu mendapatkan perhatian karena dapat menyebabkan disfungsi organ reproduksi wanita menyebabkan kematian karena perdarahan atau sepsis. Prosedur perawatan luka perineum saat ini masih menggunakan cairan desinfektan Povidon Iodin 10%, belum ada yang berbentuk obat herbal salep sebagai tambahan perlindungan luka dan mengurangi ketidaknyamanan luka perineum. Sehingga penulis tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian efektivitas Salep Jintan Hitam 5 % dan 10 % dalam penyembuhan luka perineum rupture ibu nifas di RSUD Puruk Cahu, Kabupaten Murung Raya, Kalimantan Tengah. Metode : 21 ibu nifas dengan luka Perineum rupture derajat II, dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok secara random menggunakan Rancangan penelitian Randomised pre-post test control group design. Salep jintan hitam 5% dan 10% dioleskan pada luka Perineum rupture setiap hari, selama 7 hari postpartum sesuai kelompok perlakuan. Penilaian luka menggunakan skala REEDA dilakukan pada hari 1 (pre test), hari 3, 5 dan 7 (post test). Hasil : Salep jintan hitam efektif mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka Perineum rupture pada ibu nifas sejak hari ke-3 dilihat dari penurunan nilai Redness, Oedema, Ecchymosis secara signifikan dibanding kelompok kontrol (p0,05), tetapi secara deskriptif Salep jintan hitam 10% lebih efektif dalam proses penyembuhan luka Perineum rupture pada ibu nifas dibandingkan Salep jintan hitam 5%. Kesimpulan : Salep jintan hitam berperan pada fase inflamasi dengan menghambat pembentukkan kinin dan prostglandin secara tidak langsung, sedangkan pada fase proliferasi Salep jintan hitam berperan dalam angiogenesis, sintesis kolagen, dan kontraksi luka. Salep jintan hitam 10% lebih efektif dibandingkan Salep jintan hitam 5%. Kata kunci : Salep jintan hitam 5% dan 10%, Redness, Oedema, Ecchymosis Discharge, Aprroximation, Luka. Background: The main cause of maternal mortality in Indonesia in the bearing process is infection. Eleven per cent of the infection come from bad treatment of perineum rupturee. There are about 85% women bearing through spontaneuous pervaginam experience perineum trauma and 1% of them are infected. Perineum rupture needs serious attention since it can cause woman reproduction organ disfunction and dead as the consequence of bleeding or sepsis. The procedure of perineum treatment still uses desinfectant lotion Povidon Iodin 10%, herbal oinment as additional wound protector and perineum pain killer. Because of this, the researcher is interested in studying the effectiveness of nigella sativa 5% and 10% in curing perineum rupture of postpartum mothers at General Hospital RSUD Puruk Cahu, Murung Raya District, Central Kalimantan Method: Using Randomised pre-post test control group design, the 21 women suffering from perineum rupture stadium II are grouped into three. The black cumin (nigella sativa) oinment is rubbed on the wound Perineum rupture everyday during seven days of postpartum ranging from treatment group. The evaluation is done in the day 1 (pre test), the day 3, 5 and 7 (post test) by using REEDA scale. Result: The black cumin (nigella sativa) oinment is effective in fastening wound healing of perineum rupture since the day 3. This can be seen from the significantly downgrading score of redness, Oedema, and Ecchymosis compared to control group (p<0,05). The day 5 and 7 show significantly downgrading score of Discharge, Approximation and wound compared to control group (p<0,05). Descriptively, black cumin (nigella sativa) 10% is more effective than 5% in the process of healing perineum rupture on postpartum mothers. Conclusion: The black cumin oinment (nigella sativa) functions in the phase of inflamation by postponing kinin and postglandin forming indirectly, this functions in the phase of proliferation by angiogenesis, collagen, and wound contraction. The black cumin oinment 10% is more effective than 5%. Key words: black cumin (nigella sativa) 5% and 10%, Redness, Oedema, Ecchymosis Discharge, Approximation, and wound

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KURMA TERHADAP PROFIL DARAH PADA PASIEN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE GRADE II DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH KABUPATEN SIDOARJO

Latar belakang: Penyakit demam berdarah dengue atau yang disingkat sebagai DBD adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue dengan manifestasi klinis demam, nyeri otot dan atau nyeri sendi yang disertai leukopenia, ruam, limfadenopati, trombositopenia dan diatesis hemoragik. Pasien DBD akan mengalami perubahan pada profil darahnya yang meliputi perubahan pada volume, trombosit, hemaktokrit, hemoglobin dan leukosit. Penggunaaan Complementary Alternative Medicine pada aktivitas keperawatan diberikan dalam kolaborasi untuk tindakan terapi nonfarmakologis. Pada kasus demam berdarah dengue perawat bisa menggunakan Complementary Alternative Medicine sebagai bahan alternatif untuk penyembuhan penyakit demam berdarah dengue dengan memberikan kurma (Phoenix dactylifera). Tujuan Penelitian: Mengidentifikasi pengaruh pemberian kurma terhadap profil darah pada pasien demam berdarah dengue grade II di RSUD Sidoarjo. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian adalah quasi-experimental dengan rancangan penelitian pre and post test with control group. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien demam berdarah dengue grade II di RSUD Sidoarjo pada bulan Desember 2015 sampai Pebruari tahun 2016. Sampel penelitian diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling sebanyak 27 orang. Satu kelompok diberi intervensi kurma 1,25 gr/KgBB, satu kelompok diberi intervensi kurma 1,87 gr/KgBB dan satu kelompok kontrol tanpa perlakuan. Analisa bivariat yang digunakan untuk menguji perbedaan antar kelompok tidak berpasangan dengan uji Anova dan untuk menguji perbedaan dalam kelompok berpasangan dengan Uji T Test. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pemberian kurma (Phoenix Dactylifera) 1,25 gr/KgBB dan 1,87 gr/KgBB berpengaruh terhadap perubahan kadar profil darah pada pasien demam berdarah dengue grade II. Kesimpulan : Pemberian kurma dosis 1,87 gr/KgBB berpengaruh terhadap profil darah pada pasien demam berdarah dengue grade II. Kata Kunci : Kurma, profil darah, demam berdarah dengue Background : the disease of dengue hemorrhagic fever is an infectious disease caused by dengue virus with the clinical manifestation fever, muscle aches and joint pain that is accompanied by leukopenia, rash, limfadenopati, trombositopenia and diathesis hemorrhagic. The patient will feel the changing to the blood profile. The include changing are volume, trombocite, hematocrite, haemoglobin and leukocyte. The using of complementary alternative medicine in the nursing activity is given in the colaboration for therapeutic action non farmacologist. In the cases of this disease, the nurse can use complementary alternatives medicine as an alternative material to cure this disease by providing dates (Phoenix dactylifera). The aim of the research is : to identifity the effect of giving dates to the blood profile to the patient of dengue hemorrhagic fever grade II in the public hospital sidoarjo. The methods of the research : This type of research is quasi-experimental research design with pre and post test with control group. Population that is used in this research are the patients of dengue hemorrhagic fever grade II in the public hospital sidoarjo at december 2015 until pebruary 2016. Samples were taken by simple random sampling technique as many as 27 people. One group was given the intervention of dates 1.25 gr / KgBW, one group was given the intervention of dates with 1.87 gr / KgBW and a control group without treatment. Bivariate analysis were used to test for differences between groups are not paired with Anova and to examine differences in groups of pairs with T Test Test The result of the research : the result of the research show the given of dates 1,25 gr/KgBW and 1,87 gr/KgBW influence to changing of the blood profile content to the patient dengue hemorrhagic fever grade II Conclusion : The given dates dose of 1.87 g / KgBW effect on the blood profile in patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever grade II. Key word : Dates, blood profile, dengue hemorrhagic feve

Perbedaan Kapasitas Vital Paksa Paru Tenaga Kerja pada Lokasi Pengecoran/ Pencetakan dan Lokasi Pengikiran/Pembubutan di Industri Kerajinan Cor Aluminium “ED” Giwangan YOGYAKARTA.

Background: Dust pollution can be exist at production process on industry, include on “ED” aluminium cast indust, Yogyakarta which is on the production process included foundry and fitting-shop process. Aluminium dust can influence lung function of the worker. The aim of this research was to study the difference of forced vital capacity (FVC) on workers between foundry and fitting-shop in “ED” aluminium cast industry, Giwangan Yogyakarta. Method: This was an observational research using cross sectional design. The population was 15 workers on each location. The data was collected using questionnaire, measuring of lung function and total dust content. The data would be analyzed using Mann-Whitney test. Result: The result showed that the average of total dust content on those location was 0.65 mg/m3 and 2.75 mg/m3 orderly. This was still below the threshold value (10 mg/m3). The measuring of lung function showed that 73.35% of workers in foundry and 66.6% of workers in fitting-shop had FVC decreasing with the average of FVC was 75.80% and 77.27% in order. The statistic test showed that there was no significant difference of FVC between those workers. Conclusion: No significant difference of FVC on workers between foundry and fitting-shop in “ED” aluminium cast industry, Giwangan Yogyakarta

Pemerahan dan Penundaan Penjepitan Tali Pusat terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Bayi Baru Lahir

The incidence of iron deficiency anemia in term infants from 0-6 months is 40.8%. Efforts to reduce anemia in infants and toddlers is by ensuring the baby gets blood from the placenta through the umbilical cord. Labor occurs when oxygen shifts from the heart to the lungs 8-10% of the fetal period to 50% in neonates. Immediate cord clamping vascular resistance from the disconnected placenta which results in the increased of resistance of the baby's vascular system and eliminates about 1/4 of the volume of blood and iron in the neonate. The time of cutting the umbilical cord is a determining factor for placental transfusion to the baby. Delay cord clamping and umbilical cord milking are expected to provide iron reserves in infant. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in umbilical cord milking and delayed cord clamping. The design used experimental study with posttest-Only Control Group. The sampling technique used simple random sampling differs into treatment group and control group. The treatment group was umbilical cord milking and the control group was delayed cord clamping. The highest average of Hb levels in the umbilical cord milking group was 17.3mmHg and the delayed cord clamping group was 15.75 mmHg. Difference test on umbilical cord milking group and delayed cord clamping group used independent T-test obtained P <0.05 (p = 0,001). It is recommended that midwives used umbilical cord milking as an alternative action in providing midwifery care to newborns when clamping and cutting the umbilical cord. It was proven that there were differences in the haemoglobin levels of newborns between the umbilical cord milking group and delayed cord clamping group

The Effect of Rekattidiri Ovitrap Towards Aedes Aegypti Larval Density

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a health problem in Indonesia. The entire region of Indonesia at risk of contracting dengue disease. The study aims to prove the effect of modifications ovitrap rekattidiri on the density of larvae (HI: House Index, CI: Container Index and BI: Breteu Index) as well as comparing the differences between the mean larvae trapped between ovitrap Rekattidiri with standard ovitrap. Using a quasi experimental design, time series experimental design with Control group. Population subjects were Aedes aegypti at the endemic sites in Pontianak, West Borneo. The results showed larval density index in the intervention area decreased each ie HI from 26% to 3%, CI of 6.95% to 2.19 %, and BI from 29% to 13%. The number of larvae trapped in ovitrap rekattidiri ie 70% (12,770 larvae) more than the standard ovitrap in the control and intervention, namely: 17% (3,057 larvae) and 13% (2,334 larvae). It is concluded that there are significant modifications Rekattidiri ovitrap against larval density index (HI p-value: 0.025, CI p-value: 0.052, BI value of p: 0.04) and there are differences between the mean larvae trapped in ovitrap Rekattidiri and standard ovitrap with p value: 0.001

FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN MALARIA (STUDI KASUS DI PUSKESMAS CLUWAK DAN PUSKESMAS DUKUHSETI)

Malaria merupakan penyakit menular yang sangat dominan di daerah tropis dan sub-tropis dan dapat mematikan. Setidaknya 270 juta penduduk dunia menderita malaria dan lebih dari dua miliar atau 42% penduduk memiliki risiko terkena malaria. Kasus malaria yang ada di Indonesia terjadi peningkatan, dimana API atau jumlah malaria positif di suatu wilayah per seribu penduduk, tahun 2009 yaitu 1,85 per 1.000 penduduk naik menjadi 1,96 per 1.000 penduduk pada tahun 2010. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian malaria di Puskesmas Kabupaten Pati. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian observasional dengan menggunakan case control study dan dipertajam dengan data-data kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam (indept interview). Sampel kasus adalah penderita malaria dengan slide darah tepi positif (+) Plasmodium dan sampel studi kontrol adalah penduduk yang tidak terkena malaria. Pengumpulan data dengan observasi dan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner. Variabel penelitian yaitu status gizi, kebiasaan di luar rumah pada malam hari, kebiasaan penggunaan kelambu, kebiasaan penggunaan obat anti nyamuk, keadaan langit-langit rumah, kondisi dinding rumah, keberadaan selokan, keberadaan kolam/tambak ikan, keberadaan semak-semak, riwayat tinggal di daerah endemis, dan kejadian penyakit malaria. Pengolahan dan analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji statistik Chi Square dan uji statistik Regresi Logistic. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa faktor yang terbukti merupakan faktor risiko kejadian malaria yaitu kebiasaan menggunakan kelambu (nilai-p <0,01); keadaan langit rumah (nilai-p 0,003); keberadaan selokan di sekitar lingkungan (nilai-p 0,002). Puskesmas perlu melakukan advokasi dengan pembuat keputusan sehingga timbul kebijakan yang membantu dan mendukung program pemberantasan vektor penyakit malaria. Kata kunci : Malaria, Faktor Risiko Malaria Malaria is a highly contagious infectious disease in the tropics and sub-tropics and can be deadly. At least 270 million people of the world suffer from malaria and more than two billion or 42% of the population is at risk of malaria. Malaria cases in Indonesia have increased, where the API or the number of malaria positive in a region per thousand population, in 2009 that is 1.85 per 1,000 population rose to 1.96 per 1000 population in 2010. The purpose of this study to determine the risk factors of malaria in Pati Community Health Center. This research used observational research method using case control study and sharpened with qualitative data through indepth interview. The case samples in this study were malaria patients with positive edge blood glucose (+) Plasmodium from case study population subjects, and control study samples were non-exposed to malaria. Data collection was done by observation and interview using questionnaire. The research variables are nutritional status, outdoor habit at night, habit of using mosquito net, habit of using mosquito repellent, presence of house ceiling, condition of wall of house, existence of sewer, existence of pond / fish pond, existence of bush, endemic areas, and the incidence of malaria. Processing and data analysis in this study was using Chi Square statistical test and statistical test of Logistic Regression. The results showed that several factors that proved to be a risk factor for malaria occurrence were habit using mosquito net (p-value <0.01); The state of the home sky (p-value 0.003); Existence of the gutter around the environment (p-value 0.002). Puskesmas need to do advocacy with decision maker so that policy emerges that helps and supports malaria vector eradication program. Keywords : Malaria, Malaria Risk Factor