Aproximaciones a la determinación de la tasa de ganancia

El presente documento pretende sistematizar determinadas experiencias que han surgido como consecuencia de las respuestas requeridas por trabajadores sindicalizados en un conjunto de ramas de actividad de Argentina, en el marco de la negociación colectiva salarial. Las ramas de actividad sobre las que se hicieron este tipo de ensayos fueron: molienda de oleaginosos, servicios telefónicos, industria del acero, entre otros. En función de ello, el objetivo estuvo dirigido a la determinación de la tasa de ganancia a nivel de empresa y de rama, como instrumento para la discusión salarial. Para ello se partió de la información publicada y/o producida por las empresas, sobre la cual se practicaron modificaciones metodológicas a partir de modelos dinámicos de análisis, basados en el marco conceptual de la teoría del valor-trabajo. Como consecuencia de ello, se hizo necesaria una revisión de los criterios de registración de utilización corriente, la comparación de normas de procedimientos entre diferentes países y la consideración de los mecanismos de valuación de activos, así como también de los efectos del uso de técnicas de ajuste expositivas por variación de precios. El propósito implícito en este documento es el de aportar ideas para la determinación de la tasa de ganancia, identificando los límites que tal pretensión posee.Facultad de Ciencias Económica

El Mercosur frente al alca: complementación o confrontación

n.d.Fil: Laredo, Iris M- Facultad Ciencias Económicas y Estadística - Universidad Nacional de Rosario - Argentin

Performance and ultrasound measurements of beef cattle fed diets based on whole corn or oats grains

This study intended to contrast dietary effects of whole grain oats versus corn included in rations with moderate roughage content on animal performance, beef ultrasound measurements, rumen and blood parameters. Ten Aberdeen Angus steers (203 kg) in individual pens were fed twice daily on either whole oats (OD) or corn (CD) based diets. Measurements were: DM intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), feed to gain ratio (F/G); back fat (BF) and rib eye area (RA); blood parameters. Four cannulated steers were used to study rumen pH, NH3-N and grain degradability. Rations dietary components were 55% grain, 30.1% barley straw, and 10.6% whole soybeans. Despite calculated higher ME supply (P = 0.0887) no differences were found for DMI, ADG, or F/G. Metabolizable protein intake (19.4%) was larger and degradable protein intake (43.3%) smaller for CD compared with OD (P < 0.01). The growth rate (cm² d-1) for RA was 40% grater for OD, but larger BF deposition (P = 0.0787) was found for CD. Blood Mg was higher for OD (p = 0.0564), nevertheless other blood parameters remained unaffected. Rumen pH and NH3-N were not influenced by diet, variations were only observed within time periods. Rumen pH decreased linearly from 7.05 to 6.13 and 7.11 to 6.37 for OD and CD respectively (P < 0.05). Minimum NH3-N concentrations (mg dL-1) were reached 12 and 18 h after morning meal for OD (7.10) and CD (5.82) respectively. Rumen degradation was larger for oats than corn. Whole oats rather than corn fed up to 55% of total DM seems to improve protein deposition, without significant changes in animal performance, rumen environment or blood parameters

Performance and ultrasound measurements of beef cattle fed diets based on whole corn or oats grains

This study intended to contrast dietary effects of whole grain oats versus corn included in rations with moderate roughage content on animal performance, beef ultrasound measurements, rumen and blood parameters. Ten Aberdeen Angus steers (203 kg) in individual pens were fed twice daily on either whole oats (OD) or corn (CD) based diets. Measurements were: DM intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), feed to gain ratio (F/G); back fat (BF) and rib eye area (RA); blood parameters. Four cannulated steers were used to study rumen pH, NH3-N and grain degradability. Rations dietary components were 55% grain, 30.1% barley straw, and 10.6% whole soybeans. Despite calculated higher ME supply (P = 0.0887) no differences were found for DMI, ADG, or F/G. Metabolizable protein intake (19.4%) was larger and degradable protein intake (43.3%) smaller for CD compared with OD (P < 0.01). The growth rate (cm2 d-1) for RA was 40% grater for OD, but larger BF deposition (P = 0.0787) was found for CD. Blood Mg was higher for OD (p = 0.0564), nevertheless other blood parameters remained unaffected. Rumen pH and NH3-N were not influenced by diet, variations were only observed within time periods. Rumen pH decreased linearly from 7.05 to 6.13 and 7.11 to 6.37 for OD and CD respectively (P < 0.05). Minimum NH3-N concentrations (mg dL-1) were reached 12 and 18 h after morning meal for OD (7.10) and CD (5.82) respectively. Rumen degradation was larger for oats than corn. Whole oats rather than corn fed up to 55% of total DM seems to improve protein deposition, without significant changes in animal performance, rumen environment or blood parameters