Magnitude and associated factors of peripheral cytopenia among HIV-infected children attending at University of Gondar Specialized Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

BackgroundIsolated or multi lineage cytopenia are the most common clinicopathological features and independently associated with increased risk of disease progression and death among human immunodeficiency virus infected children. In the study area, there is scarcity of data about the magnitude of various cytopenia.ObjectivesAimed to determine the magnitude and associated factors of peripheral cytopenia among HIV infected children at the University of Gondar Specialized Referral Hospital ART clinic, Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsInstitutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on 255 HIV infected children from January- April 2020. None probable convenient sampling technique was used to select the study participant. Socio demographic data were collected by pre tested structured questionnaire via face-to-face interview and their medical data were obtained from their follow-up medical records. Moreover, blood specimens were collected and examined for complete blood count, viral load and blood film, whereas stool specimens were collected and examined for intestinal parasites. Bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression models were fitted to identify associated factors of cytopenia. P-Value ResultThe overall magnitude of peripheral cytopenia was 38.9%. Anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia and bi-cytopenia were 21.2%, 12.2%, 11%, 1.6% and 3.9% respectively. Being in the age group of 2-10 years (AOR = 5.38, 95%CI 2.33-12.46), AZT based regimen (AOR = 5.44, 95%CI: 2.24-13.21), no eating green vegetables (AOR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.26-4.92) and having plasma viral load >1000 copies /ml (AOR = 5.38, 95%CI: 2.22-13.03) showed significant association with anemia.ConclusionAnemia was the predominant peripheral cytopenia among HIV infected children in this study. It was strongly associated with AZT based drug type, age below 10 years and high viral load. Critical stress should be given for early investigation and management of cytopenia in addition to the use of alternative drug which leads to higher viral suppression and lower risk of toxicity issue

Undernutrition and its associated factors among children aged 6 to 59 months in Menz Gera Midir district, Northeast Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study

Background Undernutrition can lead to impaired physical growth, restricted intellectual skills, low school performance, reduced working capacity, and rooted disability in adult life. Thus, this study was designed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of undernutrition among children aged 6 to 59 months. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 432 children aged 6 to 59 months in the Menz Gera Midir District. A multi-stage sampling technique was applied to recruit the study participants. Socio-demographic and socio-economic variables were collected by using structured questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements of the children were measured according to the World Health Organization’s recommendation. A data collection sheet was used to collect information on the types of foods and number of meals consumed by the child. A bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with undernutrition. Result In this study, about 11.3% (95% CI: 8.3–14.3%), 50.2% (95% CI: 45.5–55.0%), and 28% (95% CI: 23.8–32.3%) were wasted, stunted, and underweight, respectively. Children aged 12–23 months (AOR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.01–3.87), 36–47 months (AOR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.00–4.19), and being anemic (AOR: 2.92; 95% CI: 1.73–4.92) were found to be an independent predictor of stunting. Moreover, being anemic was found to be significantly associated with wasting (AOR: 6.84; 95% CI: 3.16–14.82). Conclusion According to the findings of this study, undernutrition was a serious public health issue among 6–59 month old children in the Menz Gera Midir District. Children’s age and anemia status were significantly associated with stunting and wasting. Therefore, community-based nutrition programs are vital to reduce childhood undernutritio

MOESM1 of Hematological reference intervals determination in adults at Gondar university hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Additional file 1. Questionnaire for data collection of a study on Hematological reference intervals determination in adults at Gondar university hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Socio- demographic, health related and economic, characteristics of care givers in the Menz Gera Midir district Northeast Ethiopia in 2021, (N = 432).

Socio- demographic, health related and economic, characteristics of care givers in the Menz Gera Midir district Northeast Ethiopia in 2021, (N = 432).</p

Prevalence of under-nutrition among children aged 6 to 59 months in Menz Gera Midir District, Northeast Ethiopia, in 2021 (N = 432).

Prevalence of under-nutrition among children aged 6 to 59 months in Menz Gera Midir District, Northeast Ethiopia, in 2021 (N = 432).</p

Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis of wasting among children aged 6 to 59 months in the Menz GeraMidir district Northeast Ethiopia in 2021, (N = 432).

Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis of wasting among children aged 6 to 59 months in the Menz GeraMidir district Northeast Ethiopia in 2021, (N = 432).</p

Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis of stunting among children aged 6 to 59 months in the Menz Gera Midir district Northeast Ethiopia in 2021, (N = 432).

Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis of stunting among children aged 6 to 59 months in the Menz Gera Midir district Northeast Ethiopia in 2021, (N = 432).</p

Socio-demographic and health related characteristics of children aged 6 to 59 months in the Menz Gera Midir district Northeast Ethiopia in 2021, (N = 432).

Socio-demographic and health related characteristics of children aged 6 to 59 months in the Menz Gera Midir district Northeast Ethiopia in 2021, (N = 432).</p

Bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression of underweight among children aged 6 to 59 months in the Menz Gera Midir district Northeast Ethiopia in 2021, (N = 432).

Bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression of underweight among children aged 6 to 59 months in the Menz Gera Midir district Northeast Ethiopia in 2021, (N = 432).</p