Biomasa aérea y contenido de carbono del saladillo (Caraipa llanorum) en Puerto Carreño, Vichada, Colombia

We determined the volume, biomass and carbon content per hectare for aerial forest Saladillo (Caraipa llanorum) at the Canapro Forestry farm (Puerto Carreño, Vichada), by destructively sampling 30 individuals. In order to fit a model to estimate variables, it was necessary to determine the fresh weight of the different components of each tree, and the volume of each stem. Subsamples were taken to determine the biomass of the stem, branches and leaves of each tree in order to obtain the density and carbon content of the wood. Forest inventory reported a density of 342 trees per hectare of C. llanorum with dbh ≥ 10 cm. This represents a volume of 37,4 m3 corresponding to 26,3 t·ha-1 of carbon. The wood density was 0,65 kg·m3-1and the carbon content 52,96 %. To estimate the biomass of the species a best fit equation was used BT=e–9.47559+2.56189*ln(dap) with a biomass expansion factor of 1,52 reported for estimating the carbon balanced equation, C= e–10.2355 + 2.59771*ln(dbh).Se determinó el volumen, la biomasa y el contenido de carbono aéreo por hectárea para los bosques de Saladillo (Caraipa llanorum) en la finca CANAPRO Forestal, Municipio de Puerto Carreño, Departamento del Vichada; para ello se realizó un muestreo destructivo de 30 individuos para ajustar un modelo con el fin de estimar estas variables, para esto fue necesario  determinar el peso fresco de los diferentes compartimentos de cada árbol, así como el volumen de cada fuste; luego se obtuvieron submuestras de la biomasa del fuste, ramas y hojas por árbol para llevar al laboratorio y obtener la densidad y el contenido de carbono de la madera. El inventario forestal reportó una densidad de 342 árboles por hectárea de C. llanorum con dap ≥10 cm, que representan un volumen de 37.4 m3/ha correspondientes a 26.3 ton/ha de carbono; la densidad reportada para la madera fue de 0.65 kg/m3 y su contenido de carbono de 52.96 %. Para estimar la biomasa aérea de la especie, la ecuación que mejor ajuste presentó fue    y el factor de expansión de biomasa reportado de 1,52, para estimar el carbono la ecuación ajustada fue  

Aerial biomass and carbon content of Saladillo (Caraipa llanorum) in Puerto Carreño, Vichada, Colombia

We determined the volume, biomass and carbon content per hectare for aerial forest Saladillo (Caraipa llanorum) at the Canapro Forestry farm (Puerto Carreño, Vichada), by destructively sampling 30 individuals. In order to fit a model to estimate variables, it was necessary to determine the fresh weight of the different components of each tree, and the volume of each stem. Subsamples were taken to determine the biomass of the stem, branches and leaves of each tree in order to obtain the density and carbon content of the wood. Forest inventory reported a density of 342 trees per hectare of C. llanorum with dbh ≥ 10 cm. This represents a volume of 37,4 m3 corresponding to 26,3 t·ha-1 of carbon. The wood density was 0,65 kg·m3-1and the carbon content 52,96 %. To estimate the biomass of the species a best fit equation was used BT=e–9.47559+2.56189*ln(dap) with a biomass expansion factor of 1,52 reported for estimating the carbon balanced equation, C= e–10.2355 + 2.59771*ln(dbh)

Aerial biomass and carbon content of Saladillo (Caraipa llanorum) in Puerto Carreño, Vichada, Colombia

Se determinó el volumen, la biomasa y el contenido de carbono aéreo por hectárea para los bosques de Saladillo (Caraipa llanorum) en la finca CANAPRO Forestal, Municipio de Puerto Carreño, Departamento del Vichada; para ello se realizó un muestreo destructivo de 30 individuos para ajustar un modelo con el fin de estimar estas variables, para esto fue necesario  determinar el peso fresco de los diferentes compartimentos de cada árbol, así como el volumen de cada fuste; luego se obtuvieron submuestras de la biomasa del fuste, ramas y hojas por árbol para llevar al laboratorio y obtener la densidad y el contenido de carbono de la madera. El inventario forestal reportó una densidad de 342 árboles por hectárea de C. llanorum con dap ≥10 cm, que representan un volumen de 37.4 m3/ha correspondientes a 26.3 ton/ha de carbono; la densidad reportada para la madera fue de 0.65 kg/m3 y su contenido de carbono de 52.96 %. Para estimar la biomasa aérea de la especie, la ecuación que mejor ajuste presentó fue    y el factor de expansión de biomasa reportado de 1,52, para estimar el carbono la ecuación ajustada fue   .We determined the volume, biomass and carbon content per hectare for aerial forest Saladillo (Caraipa llanorum) at the Canapro Forestry farm (Puerto Carreño, Vichada), by destructively sampling 30 individuals. In order to fit a model to estimate variables, it was necessary to determine the fresh weight of the different components of each tree, and the volume of each stem. Subsamples were taken to determine the biomass of the stem, branches and leaves of each tree in order to obtain the density and carbon content of the wood. Forest inventory reported a density of 342 trees per hectare of C. llanorum with dbh ≥ 10 cm. This represents a volume of 37,4 m3 corresponding to 26,3 t·ha-1 of carbon. The wood density was 0,65 kg·m3-1and the carbon content 52,96 %. To estimate the biomass of the species a best fit equation was used BT=e–9.47559+2.56189*ln(dap) with a biomass expansion factor of 1,52 reported for estimating the carbon balanced equation, C= e–10.2355 + 2.59771*ln(dbh)

Strategies and performance of the CMS silicon tracker alignment during LHC Run 2

The strategies for and the performance of the CMS silicon tracking system alignment during the 2015–2018 data-taking period of the LHC are described. The alignment procedures during and after data taking are explained. Alignment scenarios are also derived for use in the simulation of the detector response. Systematic effects, related to intrinsic symmetries of the alignment task or to external constraints, are discussed and illustrated for different scenarios

Precision measurement of the structure of the CMS inner tracking system using nuclear interactions

The structure of the CMS inner tracking system has been studied using nuclear interactions of hadrons striking its material. Data from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded in 2015 at the LHC are used to reconstruct millions of secondary vertices from these nuclear interactions. Precise positions of the beam pipe and the inner tracking system elements, such as the pixel detector support tube, and barrel pixel detector inner shield and support rails, are determined using these vertices. These measurements are important for detector simulations, detector upgrades, and to identify any changes in the positions of inactive elements

Precision measurement of the structure of the CMS inner tracking system using nuclear interactions

The structure of the CMS inner tracking system has been studied using nuclear interactions of hadrons striking its material. Data from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded in 2015 at the LHC are used to reconstruct millions of secondary vertices from these nuclear interactions. Precise positions of the beam pipe and the inner tracking system elements, such as the pixel detector support tube, and barrel pixel detector inner shield and support rails, are determined using these vertices. These measurements are important for detector simulations, detector upgrades, and to identify any changes in the positions of inactive elements