Informe de actividades 1989: programa de Caña panelera

El cultivo de caña en zonas paneleras ocupa un lugar de importancia econ6mica por el área cultivada 315.000 hectáreas de las cuales se cosechan anualmente 232.500, cuya producción para 1989 se estima en 1.395.000 toneladas de panela, que representan para el sector panelero ingresos por 97.650 millones de pesos a un precio promedio de $70.000 tonelada. En el cultivo de caña y elaboración de panela se ocupa cerca de 34 millones de jornales al año, cifra solo comparada con la industria de café. De este cultivo dependen econ6micamente 120.000 familias que derivan su sustento de la explotación de caña.Caña panelera-Saccharum officinarum - Saccharum officinarum L

Avances de resultados de las actividades ejecutadas en 1991 por el programa de caña panelera: convenio ICA-Holanda de investigación y divulgación para el mejoramiento de la industria panelera

En la parte agrónomica se distinguen dos grandes áreas: 1) la selección de variedades que se destaquen, por sus rendimientos agronómicos y por sus características agro industriales en calidad de panela y 2) el manejo agrobioecológico donde se buscan las mejores alternativas de la interacción ambiente-planta-manejo para lograr unos rendimientos agronómicos y económicos adecuados pero manteniendo las condiciones ambientales y culturales a nivel regional.Caña panelera-Saccharum officinarum - Saccharum officinarum L

Thermal Tolerance of the Coffee Berry Borer Hypothenemus hampei: Predictions of Climate Change Impact on a Tropical Insect Pest

Coffee is predicted to be severely affected by climate change. We determined the thermal tolerance of the coffee berry borer , Hypothenemus hampei, the most devastating pest of coffee worldwide, and make inferences on the possible effects of climate change using climatic data from Colombia, Kenya, Tanzania, and Ethiopia. For this, the effect of eight temperature regimes (15, 20, 23, 25, 27, 30, 33 and 35°C) on the bionomics of H. hampei was studied. Successful egg to adult development occurred between 20–30°C. Using linear regression and a modified Logan model, the lower and upper thresholds for development were estimated at 14.9 and 32°C, respectively. In Kenya and Colombia, the number of pest generations per year was considerably and positively correlated with the warming tolerance. Analysing 32 years of climatic data from Jimma (Ethiopia) revealed that before 1984 it was too cold for H. hampei to complete even one generation per year, but thereafter, because of rising temperatures in the area, 1–2 generations per year/coffee season could be completed. Calculated data on warming tolerance and thermal safety margins of H. hampei for the three East African locations showed considerably high variability compared to the Colombian site. The model indicates that for every 1°C rise in thermal optimum (Topt.), the maximum intrinsic rate of increase (rmax) will increase by an average of 8.5%. The effects of climate change on the further range of H. hampei distribution and possible adaption strategies are discussed. Abstracts in Spanish and French are provided as supplementary material Abstract S1 and Abstract S2